SpringCloud服务网关zuul(五)

1.基础服务代理使用

1.1新建gateway项目，pom文件如下

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
3. xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
4. <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
5. <parent>
6. <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
7. <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
8. <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
9. <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
10. </parent>
11. <groupId>net.chengp</groupId>
12. <artifactId>gateway</artifactId>
13. <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
14. <name>gateway</name>
15. <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
17. <properties>
18. <java.version>1.8</java.version>
19. <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
20. </properties>
22. <dependencies>
23. <dependency>
24. <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
25. <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
26. </dependency>
27. <dependency>
28. <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
29. <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
30. </dependency>
32. <dependency>
33. <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
34. <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
35. <scope>test</scope>
36. </dependency>
37. </dependencies>
39. <dependencyManagement>
40. <dependencies>
41. <dependency>
42. <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
43. <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
44. <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
45. <type>pom</type>
46. <scope>import</scope>
47. </dependency>
48. </dependencies>
49. </dependencyManagement>
51. <build>
52. <plugins>
53. <plugin>
54. <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
55. <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
56. </plugin>
57. </plugins>
58. </build>
60. </project>

1.2启动类开启zuul代理

1. @EnableZuulProxy

1.3启动测试

依次启动注册中心、provider、consumer以及新建的gateway项目，通过gateway访问consumer测试 
http://127.0.0.1:40010/consumer/testHystrix

2.自定义路由规则

2.1修改配置文件指定路由规则

1. #转发规则
2. zuul:
3. #忽略所有服务直接访问
4. ignored-services: '*'
5. #路由设置：服务名对应请求路径，注意路由路径不能相同，否则会被覆盖
6. routes:
7. provider: /gateway/provider/**
8. consumer: /gateway/consumer/**

2.2重启访问

通过两次访问我们可以看到忽略规则以及转发规则都生效了

3.使用zuul做登录拦截及认证

3.1添加登录拦截类

1. package net.chengp.gateway.filters;
3. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
5. import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
6. import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
7. import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.filters.support.FilterConstants;
8. import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
10. import com.netflix.zuul.ZuulFilter;
11. import com.netflix.zuul.context.RequestContext;
12. import com.netflix.zuul.exception.ZuulException;
15. /**
16. * 登录拦截
17. *
18. */
19. @Component
20. public class LoginFilter extends ZuulFilter {
22. @Override
23. public boolean shouldFilter(){
24. //ACL 访问控制列表
25. RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
26. HttpServletRequest request = ctx.getRequest();
27. System.out.println("请求地址："+request.getRequestURI());
28. if(request.getRequestURI().isEmpty() || !request.getRequestURI().startsWith("/gateway/login/")){
29. //请求地址为空或者不是login服务下面的地址就进行拦截
30. return true;
31. }else {
32. return false;
33. }
34. }
36. @Override
37. public Object run() throws ZuulException {
38. //这里执行被拦截请求的业务逻辑,可使用JWT进行认证 json web token
39. RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
40. HttpServletRequest request = ctx.getRequest();
41. String token = request.getHeader("token");
42. // token为空则在请求参数中拿
43. if(StringUtils.isBlank(token)){
44. token = request.getParameter("token");
45. }
46. if(StringUtils.isBlank(token)){
47. ctx.setResponseStatusCode(HttpStatus.SC_UNAUTHORIZED);//设置为401未认证
48. ctx.setSendZuulResponse(false);
49. }
50. return null;
51. }
53. @Override
54. public String filterType(){
55. /**
56. * PRE_TYPE 前置
57. * POST_TYPE 后置
58. * ROUTE_TYPE 执行路由
59. * ERROR_TYPE 异常
60. */
61. return FilterConstants.PRE_TYPE;
62. }
64. @Override
65. public int filterOrder(){
66. //放在解码前执行
67. return FilterConstants.PRE_DECORATION_FILTER_ORDER;
68. }
70. }

3.2重启测试

带上token后可正常访问

4.使用zuul做服务限流

4.1添加服务限流拦截类

1. package net.chengp.gateway.filters;
3. import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
4. import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.filters.support.FilterConstants;
5. import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
7. import com.google.common.util.concurrent.RateLimiter;
8. import com.netflix.zuul.ZuulFilter;
9. import com.netflix.zuul.context.RequestContext;
10. import com.netflix.zuul.exception.ZuulException;
12. @Component
13. public class RateLimitFilter extends ZuulFilter{
15. private static final RateLimiter rateLimit = RateLimiter.create(1);//多实例下该值需要除以实例数
17. @Override
18. public boolean shouldFilter(){
19. //这里可以引入ACL
20. return true;
21. }
23. @Override
24. public Object run() throws ZuulException {
25. if(!rateLimit.tryAcquire()){//没拿到令牌就不继续执行
26. RequestContext.getCurrentContext().setSendZuulResponse(false);
27. RequestContext.getCurrentContext().setResponseStatusCode(HttpStatus.SC_BAD_REQUEST);
28. }
29. return null;
30. }
32. @Override
33. public String filterType(){
34. return FilterConstants.PRE_TYPE;
35. }
37. @Override
38. public int filterOrder(){
39. return -4;//最先执行
40. }
42. }

4.2重启测试

尝试快速刷新页面访问则返回400