centos git服务器搭建

#服务器端

#安装 git

参考链接：http://tzhennan.iteye.com/admin/blogs/2410564

 

#查看版本

$ git --version

git version 1.8.3.1

 

#创建git 用户，用来管理 git 服务，并为 git 用户设置密码

$ id git

id: git：无此用户

$ useradd git

$ passwd git

 

#创建 git 仓库

$ mkdir -p /data/git/test.git

$ git init --bare /data/git/test.git

Initialized empty Git repository in /data/git/test.git/

$ chown -R git:git test.git/

 

 

 

#客户端

#安装 git

参考链接：http://tzhennan.iteye.com/admin/blogs/2410564

 

#客户端 clone 远程仓库

$ git clone git@172.17.0.2:/data/git/test.git

Cloning into 'test'...

git@172.17.0.2's password:

warning: You appear to have cloned an empty repository.

 

#如果SSH用的不是默认的22端口，则需要使用以下的命令（假设SSH端口号是7700）

$ git clone ssh://git@172.17.0.2:7700/data/git/test.git

 

 

$ git pull

git@172.17.0.2's password:

Your configuration specifies to merge with the ref 'master'

from the remote, but no such ref was fetched.

 

#解决步骤：

$ touch README

$ git add -A

$ git commit -m "add README"

 

$ git push -u origin master

git@172.17.0.2's password:

Counting objects: 3, done.

Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 206 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.

Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)

remote: error: insufficient permission for adding an object to repository database ./objects

remote: fatal: failed to write object

error: unpack failed: unpack-objects abnormal exit

To git@172.17.0.2:/data/git/share.git

 ! [remote rejected] master -> master (unpacker error)

error: failed to push some refs to 'git@172.17.0.2:/data/git/share.git'

 

#服务器端设置仓库权限

$ chown -R git:git share.git/

 

 

 

#每次git pull都提示输入git密码

客户端创建 ssh 公钥和私钥

$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "[e-mail]"

此时 ~/.ssh 下会多出两个文件 id_rsa 和 id_rsa.pub

id_rsa 是私钥

id_rsa.pub 是公钥

 

 

服务器端 git 打开 RSA 认证

进入 /etc/ssh 目录，编辑 sshd_config

PubkeyAuthentication yes

AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys

保存并重启 sshd 服务

$ systemctl restart sshd.service

 

由 AuthorizedKeysFile 得知公钥的存放路径是 .ssh/authorized_keys，实际上是 $Home/.ssh/authorized_keys，由于管理 git 服务的用户是 git，所以实际存放公钥的路径是 /home/git/.ssh/authorized_keys

$ cd /home/git

$ mkdir .ssh

把 .ssh 文件夹的 owner 修改为 git

$ chown -R git:git .ssh

 

将客户端公钥导入服务器端 /home/git/.ssh/authorized_keys 文件

$ ssh git@172.17.0.2 'cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys' < ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

 

服务端修改 .ssh 目录的权限为 700

$ chmod 700 .ssh

服务端修改 .ssh/authorized_keys 文件的权限为 600

$ chmod 600 authorized_keys 

 

 

问题1

$ ssh git@172.17.0.2 'cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys' < ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

bash: .ssh/authorized_keys: Permission denied

解决办法：

把 .ssh 文件夹的 owner 修改为 git

$ chown -R git:git .ssh

 

 

问题2

$ git pull

ssh: connect to host 172.17.0.2 port 22: Connection refused

fatal: Could not read from remote repository.

 

Please make sure you have the correct access rights

and the repository exists.

解决办法：

服务端启动sshd服务

$ systemctl start sshd.service