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容器开启数据服务之旅系列(一):Kubernetes如何解自建PostgreSQL运维之痛

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摘要: 通过阿里云Kubernetes容器服务,开启你的数据服务之旅 (一)云上运维自建数据库之痛,使用容器服务自动恢复数据库postgresql实例 概述 本文为大家介绍一种容器化的数据服务 posgresql db on ACK,通过使用云盘自动挂载实现的块存储PVC来做到数据库的免运维恢复。
 
容器开启数据服务之旅系列(一):Kubernetes如何解自建PostgreSQL运维之痛
 
概述
 
本文为大家介绍一种容器化的数据服务 posgresql db on ACK,通过使用云盘自动挂载实现的块存储PVC来做到数据库的免运维恢复。借助阿里云Kubernetes服务与阿里云存储资源的深度整合,打造数据库实例的免运维异地(ECS)恢复的不死神话。
 
先决条件
 
1.你已经通过阿里云容器服务创建了一个Kubernetes集群,详细步骤参见创建Kubernetes集群
2.阿里云容器服务的存储插件(默认情况存储插件已经自动部署在阿里云Kubernetes容器服务)
 
从容器服务控制台创建一个posgresql实例
 
使用三次点击来创建一个postgresql的不死实例
2.点击 “应用目录”
3.选择 "postgresql"
4 (可选)选择你的Kubernetes集群. e.g. k8s-gpu
5 (可选)选择你的应用的命名空间。默认: default
6 给你的数据库应用取个容易记住的名字。 e.g. postgresql-online
 
7 (可选) 点击 “参数” 来定制你的数据库实例
 
1.修改 persistence.size: 20Gi 增加数据库云盘的容量 2.修改 persistence.storageClass: alicloud-disk-efficiency 调整数据卷所在云盘的性能。比如改为alicloud-disk-ssd 挂载ssd类型的
 
## Persist data to a persitent volume persistence: enabled: true ## A manually managed Persistent Volume and Claim ## Requires persistence.enabled: true ## If defined, PVC must be created manually before volume will be bound # existingClaim: ## database data Persistent Volume Storage Class ## if defined, user has to define storageClassName: alicloud-disk to support dynamic provision of alicloud-disk ## If defined, storageClassName: <storageClass> ## If set to "-", storageClassName: "", which disables dynamic provisioning ## If undefined (the default) or set to null, no storageClassName spec is ## set, choosing the default provisioner. (gp2 on AWS, standard on ## GKE, AWS & OpenStack) ## #storageClass: "alicloud-disk-ssd" storageClass: "alicloud-disk-efficiency" accessMode: ReadWriteOnce size: 20Gi subPath: "postgresql-db"
8 点击 “部署”, 完成数据发布
9 点击 “Kubernetes 控制台”,查看部署实例
 
10 点击容器组,点击 postgresql-online-postgresql 查看数据库实例密码。容器实例启动在节点:cn-hangzhou.i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdo
 
11 测试postgresql数据库的异地(ECS)恢复
 
1.添加测试数据
 
ssh <public ip of kubernetes master node >` # kubectl run my-pg-postgresql-client --rm --tty -i --image postgres \ --env "PGPASSWORD=$PGPASSWORD" \ --command -- psql -U postgres \ -h postgresql-online-postgresql postgres If you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter. postgres=# create table t1 (id int); CREATE TABLE postgres=# insert into t1 values(10); INSERT 0 1 postgres=# select * from t1; id ---- 10 (1 row)
 
1.驱逐数据库实例从ECS节点 i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdo 到 i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdp
 
#kubectl get pod -o wide | grep postgresql-online-postgresql postgresql-online-postgresql-78884fbcf6-6mfzz 1/1 Running 0 36m 172.30.4.4 cn-hangzhou.i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdo #kubectl cordon cn-hangzhou.i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdo #kubectl delete pod postgresql-online-postgresql-78884fbcf6-6mfzz pod "postgresql-online-postgresql-78884fbcf6-6mfzz" deleted # kubectl get pod -o wide|grep postgresql-online-postgresql #postgresql-online-postgresql-78884fbcf6-87ttg 0/1 Running 0 15s 172.30.3.5 cn-hangzhou.i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdp
 
1.检验数据,实例迁移, 数据库实例自动化恢复, 数据不丢失。
 
# kubectl get pod -o wide|grep postgresql-online-postgresql #postgresql-online-postgresql-78884fbcf6-87ttg 0/1 Running 0 15s 172.30.3.5 cn-hangzhou.i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdp kubectl run my-pg-postgresql-client --rm --tty -i --image postgres \ > --env "PGPASSWORD=$PGPASSWORD" \ > --command -- psql -U postgres \ > -h postgresql-online-postgresql postgres If you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter. postgres=# select * from t1; id ---- 10 (1 row)
 
CLI控: 使用命令行完成postgresql实例的创建,迁移验证
 
login k8s master and deploy an postgresql db in seconds.
 
ssh <public ip of kubernetes master node > helm install -n postgresql-online --set'persistence.size=30Gi,persistence.storageClass=alicloud-disk-ssd' stable/postgresql
 
To get your user password run:
 
PGPASSWORD=$(kubectl get secret --namespacedefault my-pg-postgresql -o jsonpath="{.data.postgres-password}" | base64 --decode; echo)
To connect to your database run the following command (using the env variable from above):
kubectl run my-pg-postgresql-client --rm --tty -i --image postgres \--env "PGPASSWORD=$PGPASSWORD"\--command -- psql -U postgres \ -h postgresql-online-postgresql postgres
 
To connect to your database directly from outside the K8s cluster:
 
PGHOST=127.0.0.1 PGPORT=5432# Execute the following commands to route the connection:export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespacedefault -l "app=my-pg-postgresql" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}") kubectl port-forward $POD_NAME 5432:5432#kubectl get pod -o wide | grep postgresql-online-postgresql postgresql-online-postgresql-78884fbcf6-6mfzz 1/1 Running 036m 172.30.4.4 cn-hangzhou.i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdo #kubectl cordon cn-hangzhou.i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdo #kubectl delete pod postgresql-online-postgresql-78884fbcf6-6mfzz pod "postgresql-online-postgresql-78884fbcf6-6mfzz" deleted # kubectl get pod -o wide|grep postgresql-online-postgresql#postgresql-online-postgresql-78884fbcf6-87ttg 0/1 Running 0 15s 172.30.3.5 cn-hangzhou.i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdp
 
Test original postgresql db could be recovered on different node.
 
#kubectl get pod -o wide|grep postgresql-online-postgresql #postgresql-online-postgresql-78884fbcf6-87ttg 0/1 Running 015s 172.30.3.5cn-hangzhou.i-bp1fazljd8u2ylk2otdp kubectl run my-pg-postgresql-client --rm --tty -i --image postgres \>--env "PGPASSWORD=$PGPASSWORD"\>--command -- psql -U postgres \> -h postgresql-online-postgresql postgres If you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter. postgres=# select * from t1; id ---- 10 (1 row)
 
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