MongoDB 3.2.x 集群

一图胜千言

5台分片服务器建立

解压：tar zxvf /data/mongo.tgz -C /data

mkdir /data/mongo/conf

mkdir /data/mongo/logs

mkdir /data/mongo/databases

mkdir /data/mongo/databases/shard1

mkdir /data/mongo/databases/shard2

mkdir /data/mongo/databases/shard3

vi /data/mongo/conf/shard1.conf

shardsvr=true

replSet=shard1

port=10001

dbpath=/data/mongo/databases/shard1

logpath=/data/mongo/logs/shard1.log

directoryperdb=true

storageEngine=wiredTiger

wiredTigerCacheSizeGB=2

syncdelay=30

wiredTigerCollectionBlockCompressor=zlib

oplogSize=2048

logappend=true

journal=false

slowms=200

fork=true

rest=true

httpinterface=true

vi /data/mongo/conf/shard2.conf

shardsvr=true

replSet=shard2

port=10002

dbpath=/data/mongo/databases/shard2

logpath=/data/mongo/logs/shard2.log

directoryperdb=true

storageEngine=wiredTiger

wiredTigerCacheSizeGB=2

syncdelay=30

wiredTigerCollectionBlockCompressor=zlib

oplogSize=2048

logappend=true

journal=false

slowms=200

fork=true

rest=true

httpinterface=true

vi /data/mongo/conf/shard3.conf

shardsvr=true

replSet=shard3

port=10003

dbpath=/data/mongo/databases/shard3

logpath=/data/mongo/logs/shard3.log

directoryperdb=true

storageEngine=wiredTiger

wiredTigerCacheSizeGB=2

syncdelay=30

wiredTigerCollectionBlockCompressor=zlib

oplogSize=2048

logappend=true

journal=false

slowms=200

fork=true

rest=true

httpinterface=true

5台配置服务器建立

mkdir /data/mongo/conf

mkdir /data/mongo/logs

mkdir /data/mongo/databases

mkdir /data/mongo/databases/config

vi /data/mongo/conf/config.conf

configsvr=true

replSet=config

port=20000

dbpath=/data/mongo/databases/config

logpath=/data/mongo/logs/config.log

directoryperdb=true

logappend=true

storageEngine=wiredTiger

profile=1

slowms=200

fork=true

maxConns=20000

N台路由服务器建立（本例一台）

vi /data/mongo/conf/mongos.conf

configdb=config/server1:20000,server2:20000,server3:20000,server4:20000,server5:20000

port=40000

logpath=/data/mongo/logs/mongos.log

logappend=true

maxConns=20000

fork=true

每台服务器确认安装需要的类库

确认是否有库文件/usr/lib64/libnetsnmpagent.so.20

ls -lhtr /usr/lib64/libnetsnmpagent.so.20

没有则安装

yum -y install net-snmp-libs

mongodb内存设置

查看：cat /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/enabled

cat /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/defrag

临时设置：

echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/enabled

echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/defrag

永久vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local启动mongo之前加入：

if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled; then

echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled

fi

if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag; then

echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag

fi

启动mongodb命令

/data/mongo/bin/mongod -f /data/mongo/conf/shard1.conf

/data/mongo/bin/mongod -f /data/mongo/conf/shard2.conf

/data/mongo/bin/mongod -f /data/mongo/conf/shard3.conf

/data/mongo/bin/mongod -f /data/mongo/conf/config.conf

/data/mongo/bin/mongos -f /data/mongo/conf/mongos.conf

配置随系统自启动设置文件：/etc/rc.d/rc.local

重启：shutdown -r now 立刻重启

登录mongodb命令

/data/mongo/bin/mongo --host 127.0.0.1:10001

/data/mongo/bin/mongo --host server1:10001

/data/mongo/bin/mongo --host server1:10002

/data/mongo/bin/mongo --host server1:10003

/data/mongo/bin/mongo --host server1:20000

/data/mongo/bin/mongo --host server6:40000

关闭mongodb命令

/data/mongo/bin/mongod -f /data/mongo/conf/shard1.conf --shutdown

/data/mongo/bin/mongod -f /data/mongo/conf/config.conf --shutdown

或先查看再kill(mongos服务必须用此)

ps -ef|grep mongo|grep -v grep

kill -2 pid

初始化配置服务器集群

rs.initiate( {

_id: "config",

configsvr: true,

members: [

{ _id: 0, host: "server1:20000" },

{ _id: 1, host: "server2:20000" },

{ _id: 2, host: "server3:20000" },

{ _id: 3, host: "server4:20000" },

{ _id: 4, host: "server5:20000" }

]

} )

或

rs.add("server1:20000");

rs.add("server2:20000");

rs.add("server3:20000");

设置分片副本集

shard1执行

rs.initiate({"_id" : "shard1","version" : 1,

"members" : [{"_id" : 0,"host" : "server1:10001"},{"_id" : 1,"host" : "server2:10001"},{"_id" : 2,"host" : "server3:10001"},{"_id" : 3,"host" : "server4:10001"},{"_id" : 4,"host" : "server5:10001"}]

});

shard2执行

rs.initiate({"_id" : "shard2","version" : 1,

"members" : [{"_id" : 0,"host" : "server1:10002"},{"_id" : 1,"host" : "server2:10002"},{"_id" : 2,"host" : "server3:10002"},{"_id" : 3,"host" : "server4:10002"},{"_id" : 4,"host" : "server5:10002"}]

});

shard3执行

rs.initiate({"_id" : "shard3","version" : 1,

"members" : [{"_id" : 0,"host" : "server1:10003"},{"_id" : 1,"host" : "server2:10003"},{"_id" : 2,"host" : "server3:10003"},{"_id" : 3,"host" : "server4:10003"},{"_id" : 4,"host" : "server5:10003"}]

});

或添加分片副本：

rs.add("server4:10001");

rs.add("server5:10001");

rs.add("server4:10002");

rs.add("server5:10002");

rs.add("server4:10003");

rs.add("server5:10003");

移除副本

rs.remove("server1:10003");

rs.remove("server5:10003");

添加集群,mongos下执行

sh.addShard("shard1/server1:10001,server2:10001,server3:10001,server4:10001,server5:10001")

sh.addShard("shard2/server1:10002,server2:10002,server3:10002,server4:10002,server5:10002")

sh.addShard("shard3/server1:10003,server2:10003,server3:10003,server4:10003,server5:10003")

或

use admin

db.runCommand({addshard:"shard1/server1:10001,server2:10001,server3:10001,server4:10001,server5:10001"});

db.runCommand({addshard:"shard2/server1:10002,server2:10002,server3:10002,server4:10002,server5:10002"});

db.runCommand({addshard:"shard3/server1:10003,server2:10003,server3:10003,server4:10003,server5:10003"});

为集群开启分片（可不开启）

数据库开启分片

sh.enableSharding("database") 或

use admin

db.runCommand( { enableSharding: <database> } )

集合开启分片

1.首先选择一个 shard key ,所选择的片键会影响集群的效率.参见 选择片键的注意事项. 获得注意事项.

2.如果集合中已经包含有数据,需要使用ensureIndex() 在片键上创建索引.如果集合是空的,MongoDB会在 sh.shardCollection() 过程中自动创建索引.

3.使用sh.shardCollection()方法来为一个集合启用分片,语法如下:

sh.shardCollection("<database>.<collection>", shard-key-pattern)

示例:

sh.shardCollection("records.people", { "zipcode": 1, "name": 1 } )

sh.shardCollection("people.addresses", { "state": 1, "_id": 1 } )

sh.shardCollection("assets.chairs", { "type": 1, "_id": 1 } )

sh.shardCollection("events.alerts", { "_id": "hashed" } )

或

use admin

db.runCommand({"shardcollection":"foo.bar","key":{"uid":1}});

db.runCommand({"shardcollection":"test.person","key":{_id:'hashed'}})

其他操作和常用命令

查看集群分片

sh.status() db.printShardingStatus() db.stats() db.serverStatus()

或

use admin

db.runCommand({listshards:1})

或

use config

db.databases.find();

db.shards.find();

移除分片

db.runCommand( { removeshard: "shardX" } )

移动数据库到分片

db.runCommand({movePrimary:"lessonplan",to:"shard3"})

创建用户和角色db.createUser() db.createRole()

web访问mongodb

http://server5:41000/databaseName/collectionName/

Centos Mongodb 工具

MobaXterm Personal Edition 多任务命令行工具

NoSQL Manager for MongoDB MongoDB UI工具

Robomongo MongoDB UI工具

Mongodb数据库同步

系统自带方法

db.copyDatabase(<from_dbname>, <to_dbname>, <from_hostname>);

copyDatabase 源服务器也可能是 slave/secondary。

copyDatabase 不是原子性的操作: 如果在复制的过程中，源服务器数据库修改了，

目标服务器接收的document和更新的源服务器会有所不同。

这个命令必须运行于目标服务器。

这个命令不会给源服务器或者目标服务器加锁。两个服务器都允许进行读写操作。

其他工具

全量同步

mongosync -h server1:27017 --to server2:27020

增量同步

mongosync -h server1:27017 --to server2:27020 --oplog -s 1369406664,1

"初始化"同步（全量+增量+实时）

mongosync -h server1:27017 --to server2:27020 --oplog

同步一段时间范围内的数据

mongosync -h server1:27017 --to server2:27020 --oplog -s 1369811325,1 -t 1369811373,1

mongosync下载地址

常用命令

1、关闭mongo实例 ./mongod --dbpath=/home/mongo/dbs/shard/data/shard1 --shutdown

2、设置副本节点可以读数据：db.getMongo().setSlaveOk();

3、查看分片情况：db.runCommand({listshards:1})

4、更改配置立即生效：rs.reconfig(config, { force: true})

5、查看mongo进程：ps -ef|grep mongod|grep -v grep ， ps -ef | grep mongo

6、实时监控：./bin/mongostat -h 10.132.83.230:40000

7、查看集群状态:mongos> db.printShardingStatus() sh.status() db.serverStatus()

8、手动改变复制源

登录备份节点：use admin

db.adminCommand({"replSetSyncFrom":"新复制源"})

或

rs.syncFrom("新复制源")

9、主节点降为secondary

use admin

rs.stepDown(10)#单位为 秒