tkinter的常见组件应用

一 代码

1. import tkinter
2. import tkinter.messagebox
3. import tkinter.ttk
5. #创建tkinter应用程序
6. root = tkinter.Tk()
7. #设置窗口标题
8. root.title('Selection widgets')
9. #定义窗口大小
10. root['height']=400
11. root['width']=320
12. #与姓名关联的变量
13. varName = tkinter.StringVar()
14. varName.set('')
15. #创建标签，然后放到窗口上
16. labelName = tkinter.Label(root, text='Name:',justify=tkinter.RIGHT,width=50)
17. labelName.place(x=10, y=5, width=50, height=20)
18. #创建文本框，同时设置关联的变量
19. entryName = tkinter.Entry(root, width=120,textvariable=varName)
20. entryName.place(x=70, y=5, width=120, height=20)
22. labelGrade = tkinter.Label(root, text='Grade:', justify=tkinter.RIGHT, width=50)
23. labelGrade.place(x=10, y=40, width=50, height=20)
24. #模拟学生所在年级，字典键为年级，字典值为班级
25. studentClasses ={'1':['1','2','3','4'],
26. '2':['1','2'],
27. '3':['1','2','3']}
28. #学生年级组合框
29. comboGrade = tkinter.ttk.Combobox(root,width=50,
30. values=tuple(studentClasses.keys()))
31. comboGrade.place(x=70, y=40, width=50, height=20)
32. #事件处理函数
33. def comboChange(event):
34. grade = comboGrade.get()
35. if grade:
36. #动态改变组合框可选项
37. comboClass["values"]= studentClasses.get(grade)
38. else:
39. comboClass.set([])
40. #绑定组合框事件处理函数
41. comboGrade.bind('<<ComboboxSelected>>', comboChange)
43. labelClass = tkinter.Label(root, text='Class:', justify=tkinter.RIGHT, width=50)
44. labelClass.place(x=130, y=40, width=50, height=20)
45. #学生年级组合框
46. comboClass = tkinter.ttk.Combobox(root, width=50)
47. comboClass.place(x=190, y=40, width=50, height=20)
49. labelSex = tkinter.Label(root, text='Sex:', justify=tkinter.RIGHT, width=50)
50. labelSex.place(x=10, y=70, width=50, height=20)
51. #与性别关联的变量，1:男；0:女，默认为男
52. sex = tkinter.IntVar()
53. sex.set(1)
54. #单选钮，男
55. radioMan = tkinter.Radiobutton(root,variable=sex,value=1,text='Man')
56. radioMan.place(x=70, y=70, width=50, height=20)
57. #单选钮，女
58. radioWoman = tkinter.Radiobutton(root,variable=sex,value=0,text='Woman')
59. radioWoman.place(x=130, y=70, width=70, height=20)
60. #与是否班长关联的变量，默认当前学生不是班长
61. monitor = tkinter.IntVar()
62. monitor.set(0)
63. #复选框，选中时变量值为1，#未选中时变量值为0
64. checkMonitor = tkinter.Checkbutton(root,text='Is Monitor?', variable=monitor,
65. onvalue=1, offvalue=0)
66. checkMonitor.place(x=20, y=100, width=100, height=20)
67. #添加按钮单击事件处理函数
68. def addInformation():
69. result ='Name:'+ entryName.get()
70. result = result +';Grade:'+ comboGrade.get()
71. result = result +';Class:'+ comboClass.get()
72. result = result +';Sex:'+('Man'if sex.get()else'Woman')
73. result = result +';Monitor:'+('Yes'if monitor.get()else'No')
74. listboxStudents.insert(0, result)
75. buttonAdd = tkinter.Button(root, text='Add',width=40, command=addInformation)
76. buttonAdd.place(x=130, y=100, width=40, height=20)
77. #删除按钮的事件处理函数
78. def deleteSelection():
79. selection = listboxStudents.curselection()
80. ifnot selection:
81. tkinter.messagebox.showinfo(title='Information', message='No Selection')
82. else:
83. listboxStudents.delete(selection)
84. buttonDelete = tkinter.Button(root, text='DeleteSelection',
85. width=100, command=deleteSelection)
86. buttonDelete.place(x=180, y=100, width=100, height=20)
87. #创建列表框组件
88. listboxStudents = tkinter.Listbox(root, width=300)
89. listboxStudents.place(x=10, y=130, width=300, height=200)
90. #启动消息循环
91. root.mainloop()

二 运行结果