Spring Boot 入门 - 基础篇（2）- 嵌入式容器

Spring Boot便于开发支持嵌入式容器（比如：Apache Tomcat, Eclipse Jetty, RedHat Undertow），默认启动嵌入式Tomcat容器，当然也可以打包发不动独立的Servlet容器（比如：Apache Tomcat,WildFly等）。

（1）修改Tomcat版本

1.5.1.RELEASE默认采用的是8.5.11。

引用

2017-02-07 16:23:44.964  INFO 8040 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.11

修改pom.xml，重新运行。

    <properties>
        <tomcat.version>8.0.41</tomcat.version>
    </properties>

引用

2017-02-07 16:26:37.799  INFO 7372 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.0.41

（2）修改端口号/web路径

1）修改SpringBoot自动配置项
src/main/resources/application.properties

引用

server.port=8081
server.contextPath=/springboot
server.sessionTimeout=30

引用

2017-02-07 16:23:45.740  INFO 8040 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8081 (http)
2017-02-07 16:23:45.746  INFO 8040 --- [           main] c.r.s.SpringBootDemo4Application         : Started SpringBootDemo4Application in 2.178 seconds (JVM running for 2.668)
2017-02-07 16:24:16.474  INFO 8040 --- [nio-8081-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[.[localhost].[/springboot]    : Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2017-02-07 16:24:16.474  INFO 8040 --- [nio-8081-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization started
2017-02-07 16:24:16.487  INFO 8040 --- [nio-8081-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization completed in 13 ms

再次访问 http://localhost:8081/springboot/

2）通过EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer

@Configuration
public class ContainerConfig {

	@Bean
	public EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer embeddedServletContainerCustomizer() {
		return new EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer() {
			@Override
			public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) {
				// Port Number
				container.setPort(8081);
				// Context Path
				container.setContextPath("/springboot");
				// Session Timeout
				container.setSessionTimeout(30, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
			}
		};
	}

}

Spring Boot提供了大量的xxxCustomizer类用于扩展已有功能，比如RestTemplateCustomizer、Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilderCustomizer、PlatformTransactionManagerCustomizer等等，这些都会在以后的开发中慢慢用到。

3）通过EmbeddedServletContainerFactory

@Configuration
public class ContainerConfig {

	@Bean
	public EmbeddedServletContainerFactory servletContainer() {
		TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcat = new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();

		tomcat.setPort(8081);
		tomcat.setContextPath("/springboot");
		tomcat.setSessionTimeout(30, TimeUnit.MINUTES);

		return tomcat;
	}

}

（3）通过TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory类优化Tomcat

@Bean
public EmbeddedServletContainerFactory servletContainer() {
    TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcat = new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
        @Override
        protected void postProcessContext(Context context) {
           // ...
        }
    };
    tomcat.addAdditionalTomcatConnectors(initiateHttpConnector());
    return tomcat;
}

1）开启SSL（HTTPS）
默认SpringBoot启动8080端口的HTTP服务，通过以下配置可以开启8443端口的HTTPS服务。
src/main/resources/application.properties

引用

server.port=8443
server.ssl.key-store=keystore.p12
server.ssl.key-store-password=password
server.ssl.keyStoreType=PKCS12
server.ssl.keyAlias=tomcat

但是Spring Boot不支持通过application.properties同时支持HTTP和HTTPS。
可以通过在application.properties中设置HTTPS，在代码中添加Connector支持HTTP来实现。

Connector connector = new Connector("org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol");
connector.setPort(8080);
tomcat.addAdditionalTomcatConnectors(connector);

2）AJP Connector

Connector ajpConnector = new Connector("AJP/1.3");
ajpConnector.setProtocol("AJP/1.3");
ajpConnector.setPort(9090);
ajpConnector.setSecure(false);
ajpConnector.setAllowTrace(false);
ajpConnector.setScheme("http");
tomcat.addAdditionalTomcatConnectors(ajpConnector);

3）apr/apr-util/tomcat-native
前提是必须安装这些软件，并指定java.library.path参数给JVM。

LifecycleListener arpLifecycle = new AprLifecycleListener();
tomcat.setProtocol("org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol");
tomcat.addContextLifecycleListeners(arpLifecycle);

@Configuration
public class ContainerConfig {

	@Bean
	public EmbeddedServletContainerFactory servletContainer() {
	    TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcat = new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
	        @Override
			protected void postProcessContext(Context context) {
	           // ...
	        }
	    };

		tomcat.setPort(8081);
		tomcat.setContextPath("/springboot");
		tomcat.setSessionTimeout(30, TimeUnit.MINUTES);

		LifecycleListener arpLifecycle = new AprLifecycleListener();
		tomcat.setProtocol("org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol");
		tomcat.addContextLifecycleListeners(arpLifecycle);

		Connector ajpConnector = new Connector("org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpAprProtocol");
		ajpConnector.setPort(9090);
		ajpConnector.setSecure(false);
		ajpConnector.setAllowTrace(false);
		ajpConnector.setScheme("http");
		tomcat.addAdditionalTomcatConnectors(ajpConnector);

		return tomcat;
	}

}

（4）容器变更

以下以Tomcat->Jetty为例：

pom.xml

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
</dependency>

@Bean
public JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory jettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
    JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory container = new JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
    // Port Number
    container.setPort(8081);
    // Context Path
    container.setContextPath("/springboot");
    // Session Timeout
    container.setSessionTimeout(30);
    return container;
}

引用

2017-02-07 16:27:50.802  INFO 452 --- [           main] .s.b.c.e.j.JettyEmbeddedServletContainer : Jetty started on port(s) 8081 (http/1.1)
2017-02-07 16:27:50.805  INFO 452 --- [           main] c.r.s.SpringBootDemo4Application         : Started SpringBootDemo4Application in 2.172 seconds (JVM running for 2.67)

再次访问 http://localhost:8081/springboot/

（5）多容器配置

	@Bean
	public EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer embeddedServletContainerCustomizer() {
		return new EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer() {
			@Override
			public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) {

				// Port Number
				if (TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class.isAssignableFrom(container.getClass())) {
					TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcat =
							TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class.cast(container);
					tomcat.setPort(8081);
				}
				if (JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class.isAssignableFrom(container.getClass())) {
					JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory jetty =
							JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class.cast(container);
					jetty.setPort(8082);
				}
				if (UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class.isAssignableFrom(container.getClass())) {
					UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory undertow =
							UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class.cast(container);
					undertow.setPort(8083);
				}
				// Context Path
				container.setContextPath("/springboot");
				// Session Timeout
				container.setSessionTimeout(30, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
			}
		};
	}