RabbitMQ学习之Headers交换类型

Headers类型的exchange使用的比较少，它也是忽略routingKey的一种路由方式。是使用Headers来匹配的。Headers是一个键值对，可以定义成Hashtable。发送者在发送的时候定义一些键值对，接收者也可以再绑定时候传入一些键值对，两者匹配的话，则对应的队列就可以收到消息。匹配有两种方式all和any。这两种方式是在接收端必须要用键值"x-mactch"来定义。all代表定义的多个键值对都要满足，而any则代码只要满足一个就可以了。fanout，direct，topic exchange的routingKey都需要要字符串形式的，而headers exchange则没有这个要求，因为键值对的值可以是任何类型。

1.生产者Producer.Java

package cn.slimsmart.rabbitmq.demo.headers;  
02.  
03.import java.util.Date;  
04.import java.util.Hashtable;  
05.import java.util.Map;  
06.  
07.import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;  
08.  
09.import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;  
10.import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.BasicProperties;  
11.import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.BasicProperties.Builder;  
12.import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;  
13.import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;  
14.import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;  
15.  
16.public class Producer {  
17.    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "header-exchange";  
18.      
19.    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")  
20.    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {  
21.        // 创建连接和频道  
22.        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();  
23.        factory.setHost("192.168.36.102");  
24.        // 指定用户 密码  
25.        factory.setUsername("admin");  
26.        factory.setPassword("admin");  
27.        // 指定端口  
28.        factory.setPort(AMQP.PROTOCOL.PORT);  
29.        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();  
30.        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();  
31.          
32.        //声明转发器和类型headers  
33.        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, ExchangeTypes.HEADERS,false,true,null);  
34.        String message = new Date().toLocaleString() + " : log something";  
35.          
36.        Map<String,Object> headers =  new Hashtable<String, Object>();  
37.        headers.put("aaa", "01234");  
38.        Builder properties = new BasicProperties.Builder();  
39.        properties.headers(headers);  
40.          
41.        // 指定消息发送到的转发器,绑定键值对headers键值对  
42.        channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "",properties.build(),message.getBytes());  
43.          
44.        System.out.println("Sent message :'" + message + "'");  
45.        channel.close();  
46.        connection.close();  
47.    }  
48.}  

2.消费者Consumer.java

package cn.slimsmart.rabbitmq.demo.headers;  
02.  
03.import java.util.Hashtable;  
04.import java.util.Map;  
05.  
06.import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;  
07.  
08.import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;  
09.import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;  
10.import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;  
11.import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;  
12.import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;  
13.  
14.public class Consumer {  
15.    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "header-exchange";  
16.    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "header-queue";  
17.      
18.    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {  
19.        // 创建连接和频道  
20.        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();  
21.        factory.setHost("192.168.36.102");  
22.        // 指定用户 密码  
23.        factory.setUsername("admin");  
24.        factory.setPassword("admin");  
25.        // 指定端口  
26.        factory.setPort(AMQP.PROTOCOL.PORT);  
27.        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();  
28.        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();  
29.          
30.        //声明转发器和类型headers  
31.        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, ExchangeTypes.HEADERS,false,true,null);  
32.        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME,false, false, true,null);  
33.          
34.        Map<String, Object> headers = new Hashtable<String, Object>();  
35.        headers.put("x-match", "any");//all any  
36.        headers.put("aaa", "01234");  
37.        headers.put("bbb", "56789");  
38.        // 为转发器指定队列，设置binding 绑定header键值对  
39.        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME,"", headers);  
40.        QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);  
41.        // 指定接收者，第二个参数为自动应答，无需手动应答  
42.        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);  
43.        while (true) {  
44.            QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();  
45.            String message = new String(delivery.getBody());  
46.            System.out.println(message);  
47.        }   
48.    }  
49.}  

转自：http://blog.csdn.net/zhu_tianwei/article/details/40923131