平滑升级Nginx

一、查看系统环境

# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.7 (Final)
# uname -r
2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64
# uname -m
x86_64

 

二、编译安装nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz

1、安装编译器及相关工具

# yum install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake -y

 

2、安装模块依赖的库

# yum install zlib-devel openssl-devel pcre-devel -y

 

3、创建Nginx管理用户

# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M nginx

 

4、下载nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz

# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz

 

5、解压并编译安装

# tar zxf nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz

# cd nginx-1.8.1

# ./configure \
--prefix=/application/nginx-1.8.1 \

--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module

# make && make install

# ln -s /application/nginx-1.8.1/ /application/nginx

# cd ../

 

6、启动Nginx

# /application/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /application/nginx-1.8.1/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /application/nginx-1.8.1/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

# /application/nginx/sbin/nginx

# ss -lntup|grep nginx
tcp    LISTEN     0      511                    *:80                    *:*      users:(("nginx",3597,6),("nginx",3598,6))

# ps -ef|grep nginx|grep -v grep
root       3597      1  0 23:41 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /application/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      3598   3597  0 23:41 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

# ls /application/nginx/logs/
access.log  error.log  nginx.pid

 

三、平滑升级nginx-1.10.1.tar.gz

1、备份旧的可执行文件

# cp /application/nginx/sbin/nginx /application/nginx/sbin/nginx.old

 

2、下载nginx-1.10.1.tar.gz

# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.1.tar.gz

 

3、解压并按照旧的安装目录编译安装新的程序

# tar zxf nginx-1.10.1.tar.gz

# cd nginx-1.10.1

# ./configure \
--prefix=/application/nginx-1.8.1 \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module

# make && make install

# cd

 

4、平滑升级可执行程序，旧的.pid文件重命名.pid.oldbin

# kill -USR2 3597

# ls /application/nginx/logs/
access.log  error.log  nginx.pid  nginx.pid.oldbin

 

5、重新执行可执行文件，依次启动新的主进程和工作进程

# /application/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()

# ps -ef|grep nginx|grep -v grep
root       3597      1  0 23:41 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /application/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      3598   3597  0 23:41 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process       
root       6022   3597  0 23:45 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /application/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      6023   6022  0 23:45 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

 

6、从容关闭旧的工作进程

# kill -WINCH 3597

# ps -ef|grep nginx|grep -v grep
root       3597      1  0 23:41 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /application/nginx/sbin/nginx
root       6022   3597  0 23:45 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /application/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      6023   6022  0 23:45 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process 

 

7、此时，可以决定是还原旧的版本，还是继续升级

1）若继续升级，则从容关闭旧的主进程

# kill -QUIT 3597

# ps -ef|grep nginx|grep -v grep
root       6022      1  0 23:45 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /application/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      6023   6022  0 23:45 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

# ls /application/nginx/logs/
access.log  error.log  nginx.pid

2）若想退回老版本，则

kill -HUP 旧的主进程号：Nginx将在不重载配置文件的情况下启动它的工作进程；
kill -QUIT 新的主进程号：从容关闭其工作进程；

新的主进程退出后，旧的主进程会移除 .oldbin 前缀，恢复为 .pid 文件，这样，一切就都恢复到升级之前了。