hibernate SQLQuery

Session session = null;
try {
	session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
	session.beginTransaction();
			
	//标量查询（Scalar queries） 
	//它们都将返回一个Object数组(Object[])组成的List，数组每个元素都是user表的一个字段值。
	//Hibernate会使用ResultSetMetadata来判定返回的标量值的实际顺序和类型。 
	//session.createSQLQuery("SELECT * FROM user").list();  
	//session.createSQLQuery("SELECT id, userName FROM user").list(); 
	//SQLQuery query = session.createSQLQuery("select * from user where id = ?");
	//query.setParameter(0, 12);

	List results = session.createSQLQuery("SELECT id, userName FROM user").list(); 
	System.out.println(((Object[]) results.get(0))[1]);
			
	//实体查询(Entity queries) 
	//通过addEntity()让原生查询返回实体对象。 
	//session.createSQLQuery("SELECT * FROM user").addEntity(User.class);  
	//session.createSQLQuery("SELECT id, userName FROM user").addEntity(User.class); 
	//假若实体在映射时有一个many-to-one的关联指向另外一个实体，在查询时必须也返回那个实体，
	//否则会导致发生一个"column not found"的数据库错误。
	results = session.createSQLQuery("SELECT id, name, sex, clazz_id FROM student")
			.addEntity(Student.class).list();
	for(Iterator iterator = results.iterator(); iterator.hasNext(); ) {
		Student stu = (Student) iterator.next();
		System.out.println("clazzName=" + stu.getClazz().getName());
	}
			
	//处理关联和集合类 
	//join查询会在每行返回多个实体对象，处理时需要注意 。 
	results = session.createSQLQuery("select {user.*}, {dept.*} from user user, department dept where user.dept_id = dept.id")
					.addEntity("user", User.class)
					.addJoin("dept", "user.department")
					.setResultTransformer(Criteria.ALIAS_TO_ENTITY_MAP)
					.list();
	Map map = (HashMap) results.get(0);
	User user = (User) map.get("user");
	System.out.println(user.getUserName());
	System.out.println(user.getDepartment().getDeptName());
			
	results = session.createSQLQuery("select {user.*}, {dept.*} from user user, department dept where user.dept_id = dept.id")
					.addEntity("user", User.class)
					.addJoin("dept", "user.department")
					.setResultTransformer(Criteria.DISTINCT_ROOT_ENTITY)
					.list();
	Department dept = (Department) results.get(0);
	System.out.println(dept.getDeptName());
			
	session.getTransaction().commit();
			
} catch(Exception e) {
	e.printStackTrace();  
	session.getTransaction().rollback();  
} finally {  
	HibernateSessionFactory.closeSession();  
}

   * 对原生SQL查询执行的控制是通过SQLQuery接口进行的，通过执行Session.createSQLQuery()获取这个接口。