Maven搭建Spring+Struts2+Hibernate项目详解

前言

       这篇主要采用Maven搭建Spring+Struts2+Hibernate的整合项目，复习一下SSH框架，虽然spring提供自己的MVC框架，但是Spring也提供和其他框架的无缝整合，采用组件形式对个框架进行管理，项目实例是按照真实企业里面的开发搭建，也是web的最后一片了。数据库使用mysql，连接池使用的是Druid数据源（这些都无关紧要，可以随时的替换），下面就将详细的介绍一下Maven搭建Spring，Struts2，和hibernation的步奏。

 

1、数据库设计

     数据库库表很简单，设计好数据库后，直接逆向生成实体，提高速度。数据库名为shop，只有一个表user_info。其结构如下：

    

2、创建Maven的webapp项目

    创建maven项目，pom.xml配置中引入所需依赖包。

     

     

     引入所需的依赖包，pom.xml内容如下：

    

<span style="font-size:14px;">     <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>org.andy.ssh</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <name>spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>


    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <spring.version>4.1.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <hibernate.version>4.3.8.Final</hibernate.version>
        <struts2.version>2.3.20</struts2.version>
        <jackson.version>2.5.0</jackson.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <!-- junit -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 关系型数据库整合时需配置 如hibernate jpa等 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- hibernate -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- struts2 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
            <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
            <version>${struts2.version}</version>

            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <!-- Hibernate已经还有该包的依赖 -->
                    <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
                    <groupId>javassist</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
            <artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>${struts2.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
            <artifactId>struts2-convention-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>${struts2.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- log4j -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- mysql连接 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.34</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 数据源 druid -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.12</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- json -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- aop -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- servlet -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo</finalName>

        <plugins>
            <!-- Run the JUnit unit tests in an isolated classloader -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.4.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <skipTests>true</skipTests>
                </configuration>

            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3</version>
                <configuration>
                    <webXml>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml</webXml>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <!-- generate java doc -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.9.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <javadocDirectory>target/javadoc</javadocDirectory>
                    <reportOutputDirectory>target/javadoc</reportOutputDirectory>
                    <charset>UTF-8</charset>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                    <docencoding>UTF-8</docencoding>
                    <show>private</show>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <!-- 部署至本机 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.codehaus.cargo</groupId>
                <artifactId>cargo-maven2-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <container>
                        <containerId>tomcat6x</containerId>
                        <home>F:\apache-tomcat-7.0.27</home>
                    </container>
                    <configuration>
                        <type>existing</type>
                        <home>F:\apache-tomcat-7.0.27</home>
                    </configuration>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>

    </build>
</project>
</span>

 

 

以上就是ssh所需的所有依赖包。、

 

3、引入Spring

    最优先引入的是Spring框架，他是管理其他框架的容器，spring中需要配置的是自动扫描的dao，和service层的注解，然后将其注入为bean，管理。

     配置文件在src/main/java目录下，创建spring的配置文件spring.xml

     

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd">
    <!-- 加载配置文件 -->

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config.properties"/>
    <!-- 扫描service自动注入为bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="org.andy.shop.service.impl,org.andy.shop.dao.impl" />

</beans>

 

 

3.1、引入日志Log4j配置

    log4j.properties配置内容如下：

   

### set log levels ###
log4j.rootLogger = INFO , C , D , E

### console ###
log4j.appender.C = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.C.Target = System.out
log4j.appender.C.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.C.layout.ConversionPattern = [spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n

### log file ###
log4j.appender.D = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.D.File = ../logs/spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo.log
log4j.appender.D.Append = true
log4j.appender.D.Threshold = INFO
log4j.appender.D.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.D.layout.ConversionPattern = [spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n

### exception ###
log4j.appender.E = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.E.File = ../logs/spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo_error.log
log4j.appender.E.Append = true
log4j.appender.E.Threshold = ERROR
log4j.appender.E.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.E.layout.ConversionPattern = [spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n

 

 

3.2、项目配置文件

   添加项目的配置文件config.properties，有spring管理。

  

#application configs

#jdbc druid config
validationQuery = SELECT 1
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password = root

#hibernate config
hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
hibernate.show_sql = true
hibernate.format_sql = false
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto = update

 

 

4、引入Hibernation

    Hibernation的配置主要有如下内容：数据源，SessionFactory，事务等的配置。

    spring-hibernate.xml配置如下（配置文件名可以随便起）

    

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd">

    <!-- 配置数据源 使用的是Druid数据源 -->
    <bean name="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
        init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />

        <!-- 初始化连接大小 -->
        <property name="initialSize" value="0" />
        <!-- 连接池最大使用连接数量 -->
        <property name="maxActive" value="20" />

        <!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->
        <property name="minIdle" value="0" />
        <!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->
        <property name="maxWait" value="60000" />
        <property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" />
        <property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize"
            value="33" />
        <!-- 用来检测有效sql -->
        <property name="validationQuery" value="${validationQuery}" />
        <property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" />
        <property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />
        <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />
        <!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒 -->
        <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" />
        <!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒 -->
        <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="25200000" />
        <!-- 打开removeAbandoned功能 -->
        <property name="removeAbandoned" value="true" />
        <!-- 1800秒，也就是30分钟 -->
        <property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="1800" />
        <!-- 关闭abanded连接时输出错误日志 -->
        <property name="logAbandoned" value="true" />
        <!-- 监控数据库 -->
        <property name="filters" value="mergeStat" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置hibernate的SessionFactory -->
    <bean id="sessionFactory"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入数据源 相关信息看源码 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <!-- hibernate配置信息 -->
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
        <!-- 扫描hibernate注解配置的entity -->
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="org.andy.shop.entity" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置事务增强处理Bean，指定事务管理器 -->
    <tx:advice id="transactionAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <!-- 配置详细事务处理语义 -->
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" />

            <tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
            <tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
            <tx:method name="select*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
            <tx:method name="load*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />

            <!-- 其他采用默认事务方式 -->
            <tx:method name="*" />

        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!-- Spring aop事务管理 -->
    <aop:config>
        <!-- 配置切入点 -->
        <aop:pointcut id="transactionPointcut"
            expression="execution(* org.andy.shop.service.impl.*Impl.*(..))" />
        <!-- 指定在txAdvice切入点应用txAdvice事务增强处理 -->
        <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="transactionPointcut"
            advice-ref="transactionAdvice" />
    </aop:config>

</beans>

 

 

注意：Hibernation4使用的是SessionFactory而不是HibernationTemplate。

 

5、生成实体

      我们先添加实体entity，Dao，Service，Action等几个包，一般设计如下：

            

设计好数据表之后，采用Hibernation tools自动逆向生成实体，其实体UserInfo如下：

     

package org.andy.shop.entity;

// Generated 2015-2-13 12:48:39 by Hibernate Tools 4.0.0

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

/**
 * UserInfo generated by hbm2java
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "user_info", catalog = "shop")
public class UserInfo implements java.io.Serializable {

    /**
     *
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 5127853981202454040L;
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private String telephone;

    public UserInfo() {
    }

    public UserInfo(int id, String name) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public UserInfo(int id, String name, Integer age, String telephone) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.telephone = telephone;
    }

    @Id
    @Column(name = "id", unique = true, nullable = false)
    public int getId() {
        return this.id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Column(name = "name", nullable = false)
    public String getName() {
        return this.name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Column(name = "age")
    public Integer getAge() {
        return this.age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Column(name = "telephone")
    public String getTelephone() {
        return this.telephone;
    }

    public void setTelephone(String telephone) {
        this.telephone = telephone;
    }

}

 

 

6、创建Dao层

    我们采用面向接口编程，所以先设计接口，在写dao的实现类，其理，同样适用于service层。

6.1、Dao层接口

   我们先定义一个通用的GenericDao接口，如下：

   

package org.andy.shop.dao;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 创建时间：2015-2-11 下午2:26:42
 *
 * @author andy
 * @version 2.2
 *
 * Dao通用接口
 */

interface GenericDao<T, PK extends Serializable> {

    T load(PK id);

    T get(PK id);

    List<T> findAll();

    void persist(T entity);

    PK save(T entity);

    void saveOrUpdate(T entity);

    void delete(PK id);

    void flush();
}

 

 

   具体的UserInfo的Dao接口UserInfoDao如下：

  

package org.andy.shop.dao;

import org.andy.shop.entity.UserInfo;

/**
 * 创建时间：2015-2-13 下午12:49:55
 * @author andy
 * @version 2.2
 * 描述： userDao
 */

public interface UserInfoDao extends GenericDao<UserInfo, Integer> {

}

 

 

6.2、Dao层实现类

   UserInfo的Dao层实现类UserInfoDaoImpl如下：

 

package org.andy.shop.dao.impl;

import java.util.List;

import org.andy.shop.dao.UserInfoDao;
import org.andy.shop.entity.UserInfo;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

/**
 * 创建时间：2015-2-13 下午12:51:47
 *
 * @author andy
 * @version 2.2
 * 描述： dao实现类
 */

@Repository("userInfoDao")
public class UserInfoDaoImpl implements UserInfoDao {

    @Autowired
    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    private Session getCurrentSession() {
        return this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
    }

    @Override
    public UserInfo load(Integer id) {
        return (UserInfo) this.getCurrentSession().load(UserInfo.class, id);
    }

    @Override
    public UserInfo get(Integer id) {
        return (UserInfo) this.getCurrentSession().get(UserInfo.class, id);
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    @Override
    public List<UserInfo> findAll() {
        List<UserInfo> userInfos = this.getCurrentSession()
                .createQuery("from UserInfo").list();
        return userInfos;
    }

    @Override
    public void persist(UserInfo entity) {
        this.getCurrentSession().persist(entity);

    }

    @Override
    public Integer save(UserInfo entity) {
        return (Integer) this.getCurrentSession().save(entity);
    }

    @Override
    public void saveOrUpdate(UserInfo entity) {
        this.getCurrentSession().saveOrUpdate(entity);
    }

    @Override
    public void delete(Integer id) {
        UserInfo entity = this.load(id);
        this.getCurrentSession().delete(entity);
    }

    @Override
    public void flush() {
        this.getCurrentSession().flush();

    }

}

我们采用@Repository注解将其注入为dao的bean，交由spring管理。

 

 

7、创建Service层

   Service层同理按照面向接口编程。

7.1、Service层接口

   UserInfo层接口UserInfoService如下：

  

package org.andy.shop.service;

import java.util.List;

import org.andy.shop.entity.UserInfo;

/**
 * 创建时间：2015-2-13 下午1:00:51
 * @author andy
 * @version 2.2
 * 描述：
 */

public interface UserInfoService {
    UserInfo load(Integer id);

    UserInfo get(Integer id);

    List<UserInfo> findAll();

    void persist(UserInfo entity);

    Integer save(UserInfo entity);

    void saveOrUpdate(UserInfo entity);

    void delete(Integer id);

    void flush();
}

 

 

7.2、service层实现类

   service层我们使用@Service注解将其注入为bean。

  

package org.andy.shop.service.impl;

import java.util.List;

import org.andy.shop.dao.UserInfoDao;
import org.andy.shop.entity.UserInfo;
import org.andy.shop.service.UserInfoService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * 创建时间：2015-2-13 下午1:03:47
 *
 * @author andy
 * @version 2.2 描述：
 */
@Service("userInfoService")
public class UserInfoServiceImpl implements UserInfoService {

    @Autowired
    private UserInfoDao userInfoDao;

    @Override
    public UserInfo load(Integer id) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public UserInfo get(Integer id) {
        return userInfoDao.get(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<UserInfo> findAll() {
        return userInfoDao.findAll();
    }

    @Override
    public void persist(UserInfo entity) {
        userInfoDao.persist(entity);
    }

    @Override
    public Integer save(UserInfo entity) {
        return userInfoDao.save(entity);
    }

    @Override
    public void saveOrUpdate(UserInfo entity) {
        userInfoDao.saveOrUpdate(entity);
    }

    @Override
    public void delete(Integer id) {
        userInfoDao.delete(id);
    }

    @Override
    public void flush() {
        userInfoDao.flush();
    }

}

 

 

8、单元测试Spring和Hibernation框架的整合

   以上，spring和Hibernation框架就算是整合完成了，我们需要测试一下是否整合成功，事务是否起作用等，所以我们需要在src/test/java源目录中编写测试类，进行测试：

   我们创建了TestUserService类，进行单元测试：

  

 TestUserService内容如下：

  

package org.andy.shop.service;

import org.andy.shop.entity.UserInfo;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;

/**
 * 创建时间：2015-2-13 下午3:31:07
 *
 * @author andy
 * @version 2.2
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:spring.xml",
        "classpath:spring-hibernate.xml" })
public class TestUserService {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger
            .getLogger(TestUserService.class);

    @Autowired
    private UserInfoService userInfoService;

    @Test
    public void save() {
        UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo();
        userInfo.setName("zty");
        userInfo.setAge(23);
        userInfo.setTelephone("13212221333");
        Integer id = userInfoService.save(userInfo);
        JSON.toJSONString(id);
    }

}

 

 

我们需要引入springjunit的包，将spring配置加载，如果单元测试成功，那么项目搭建已经成功了一半了。

 

9、引入Struts2

  配置Struts框架的配置文件，Struts2不同于前面的框架，其配置文件名必须为struts.xml，内容如下：

   

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
    <!-- 指定由spring负责action对象的创建 -->
    <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />
    <!-- 所有匹配*.action的请求都由struts2处理 -->
    <constant name="struts.action.extension" value="action" />
    <!-- 是否启用开发模式 -->
    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
    <!-- struts配置文件改动后，是aa否重新加载 -->
    <constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" />
    <!-- 设置浏览器是否缓存静态内容 -->
    <constant name="struts.serve.static.browserCache" value="false" />
    <!-- 请求参数的编码方式 -->
    <constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="utf-8" />
    <!-- 每次HTTP请求系统都重新加载资源文件，有助于开发 -->
    <constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="true" />
    <!-- 文件上传最大值 -->
    <constant name="struts.multipart.maxSize" value="104857600" />
    <!-- 让struts2支持动态方法调用 -->
    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" />
    <!-- Action名称中是否还是用斜线 -->
    <constant name="struts.enable.SlashesInActionNames" value="false" />
    <!-- 允许标签中使用表达式语法 -->
    <constant name="struts.tag.altSyntax" value="true" />
    <!-- 对于WebLogic,Orion,OC4J此属性应该设置成true -->
    <constant name="struts.dispatcher.parametersWorkaround" value="false" />

    <!-- 用于CRUD Action的parent package -->
    <package name="crud-default" extends="convention-default">
        <!-- 基于paramsPrepareParamsStack, 增加store interceptor保证actionMessage在redirect后不会丢失 -->
        <interceptors>
            <interceptor-stack name="crudStack">
                <interceptor-ref name="store">
                    <param name="operationMode">AUTOMATIC</param>
                </interceptor-ref>
                <interceptor-ref name="paramsPrepareParamsStack" />
            </interceptor-stack>
        </interceptors>
        <default-interceptor-ref name="crudStack" />
    </package>

    <!-- 使用Convention插件,实现约定大于配置的零配置文件风格. 特殊的Result路径在Action类中使用@Result设定. -->

</struts>

 

 

上面配置的比较详细，可以按照实际项目，做一下筛检。

 

10、配置web容器web.xml

    web.xml是web项目的核心，里面配置了容器启动是的加载文件，以及监听器，过滤器等内容，所以需要我们配置对个框架的启动，加载。其内容如下：

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

    <display-name>spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo</display-name>

    <!-- spring 和  Hibernate的配置文件 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>
             classpath:spring.xml
             classpath:spring-hibernate.xml
        </param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!-- 编码设置 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!-- openSessionInView配置 作用是延迟session关闭到view层 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>singleSession</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>

    <!-- 监听servletContext，启动contextConfigLocation中的spring配置信息 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- 防止spring内存溢出监听器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- Struts2 filter -->

    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>


    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!-- 配置session超时时间，单位分钟 -->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>30</session-timeout>
    </session-config>

    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

 

 

注意：上面Hibernation4和3还是有点区别的。

 

11、创建控制层Action

    控制层Struts2我们采用annotation 约束注解方式实现action的零配置，需要我们在WEB-INF下创建content目录（必须是content），里面存放是视图层jsp。

    UserinfoAction内容如下：

   

package org.andy.shop.action;

import java.util.List;

import org.andy.shop.entity.UserInfo;
import org.andy.shop.service.UserInfoService;
import org.andy.shop.utils.AjaxUtil;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Namespace;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.Preparable;

/**
 * 创建时间：2015-2-13 下午2:49:22
 *
 * @author andy
 * @version 2.2 描述： user的Action
 */
@Namespace("/user")
public class UserinfoAction extends ActionSupport implements
        ModelDriven<UserInfo>, Preparable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -2301203156032690317L;

    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(UserinfoAction.class);
    private Integer id;
    private UserInfo userInfo;
    private List<UserInfo> userInfos;

    @Autowired
    private UserInfoService userInfoService;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public UserInfo getUserInfo() {
        return userInfo;
    }

    public void setUserInfo(UserInfo userInfo) {
        this.userInfo = userInfo;
    }

    public List<UserInfo> getUserInfos() {
        return userInfos;
    }

    public void setUserInfos(List<UserInfo> userInfos) {
        this.userInfos = userInfos;
    }

    @Override
    public UserInfo getModel() {
        if (null != id) {
            userInfo = userInfoService.get(id);
        } else {
            userInfo = new UserInfo();
        }
        return userInfo;
    }

    @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
        LOGGER.info("查询所有用户");
        userInfos = userInfoService.findAll();
        return SUCCESS;

    }

    public void detail() {
        String id = ServletActionContext.getRequest().getParameter("id");
        LOGGER.info("查看用户详情：" + id);
        userInfo = userInfoService.get(Integer.valueOf(id));
        AjaxUtil.ajaxJSONResponse(userInfo);

    }

    @Override
    public void prepare() throws Exception {

    }

}

 

按照约束原则，上面success是会跳转到content下的/user/userinfo.jsp视图。

注意：如果上述的UserinfoAction写出了UserInfoAction，那么对应的视图为/user/user-info.jsp，对应的Action为user-info.action

 

12、创建视图层

   视图userinfo.jsp内容如下：

   

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<%@taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"%>

<%
    String path = request.getContextPath();
    String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
            + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
            + path + "/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
<title>userInfo</title>
</head>
<body>
    全部用户信息：
    <c:forEach items="${ userInfos}" var="user">
        <div>  姓名：${user.name }   年龄：${user.age }    电话： ${user.telephone }  <a target="_blank" href="user/userinfo!detail.action?id=${user.id}">json详情</a></div>
    </c:forEach>

</body>
</html>

 

 

通过这个视图，我们可以测试UserinfoAction中的两个url。

 

13、部署服务器测试

   使用Maven打包部署：clean compile  package

    测试   http://localhost:8080/spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo/user/userinfo.action

            

   json返回数据  http://localhost:8080/spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo/user/userinfo!detail.action?id=1

         

OK，到此为止Spring+Struts2+Hibernate全部搭建完成。

 

博客来源：http://blog.csdn.net/fengshizty?viewmode=list

项目源码：http://download.csdn.net/detail/fengshizty/8464569