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neutron基础一（网络基本命令）

linuxneutron 
阅读更多
基本命令，包括veth peer 
ip addr
ip link
tcpdump -i veth1 -e -v
route -n
ip route
arp
ethtool -S veth0
ip link add type veth
ip link set dev veth0 up
ip addr add dev veth0 192.168.3.1/29
ping -I veth0 192.168.3.2


[root@centos7 ~]# cat /proc/net/dev
Inter-|   Receive                                                |  Transmit
face |bytes    packets errs drop fifo frame compressed multicast|bytes    packets errs drop fifo colls carrier compressed
  eth0: 5166799   58052    0    0    0     0          0         0    46248     356    0    0    0     0       0          0
    lo:     340       4    0    0    0     0          0         0      340       4    0    0    0     0       0          0
virbr0-nic:       0       0    0    0    0     0          0         0        0       0    0    0    0     0       0          0
virbr0:       0       0    0    0    0     0          0         0        0       0    0    0    0     0       0          0
[root@centos7 ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         192.168.128.1   0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth0
192.168.122.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 virbr0
192.168.128.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.240.0   U     0      0        0 eth0
[root@centos7 ~]# ip route
default via 192.168.128.1 dev eth0
192.168.122.0/24 dev virbr0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.122.1
192.168.128.0/20 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.139.55
[root@centos7 ~]# cat /proc/net/route
Iface   Destination     Gateway         Flags   RefCnt  Use     Metric  Mask            MTU     Window  IRTT                                                      
eth0    00000000        0180A8C0        0003    0       0       0       00000000        0       0       0                                                                              
virbr0  007AA8C0        00000000        0001    0       0       0       00FFFFFF        0       0       0                                                                            
eth0    0080A8C0        00000000        0001    0       0       0       00F0FFFF        0       0       0                                                                              
[root@centos7 ~]# arp
Address                  HWtype  HWaddress           Flags Mask            Iface
localhost                ether   3c:8c:40:34:a9:28   C                     eth0
localhost                ether   b0:83:fe:9a:d7:e0   C                     eth0
[root@centos7 ~]# ip neighbor
192.168.128.1 dev eth0 lladdr 3c:8c:40:34:a9:28 REACHABLE
192.168.137.27 dev eth0 lladdr b0:83:fe:9a:d7:e0 REACHABLE
[root@centos7 ~]# cat /proc/net/arp
IP address       HW type     Flags       HW address            Mask     Device
192.168.128.1    0x1         0x2         3c:8c:40:34:a9:28     *        eth0
192.168.137.27   0x1         0x2         b0:83:fe:9a:d7:e0     *        eth0
[root@centos7 ~]# netstat -nltpu|grep sshd
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1377/sshd          
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1377/sshd          
[root@centos7 ~]# ss -nltp|grep sshd
LISTEN     0      128          *:22                       *:*                   users:(("sshd",pid=1377,fd=3))
LISTEN     0      128         :::22                      :::*                   users:(("sshd",pid=1377,fd=4))
[root@centos7 ~]# cat /proc/net/tcp
  sl  local_address rem_address   st tx_queue rx_queue tr tm->when retrnsmt   uid  timeout inode                                                    
   0: 017AA8C0:0035 00000000:0000 0A 00000000:00000000 00:00000000 00000000     0        0 15557 1 ffff880fe4540000 100 0 0 10 0                    
   1: 00000000:0016 00000000:0000 0A 00000000:00000000 00:00000000 00000000     0        0 10051 1 ffff880fe3820000 100 0 0 10 0                    
   2: 0100007F:0277 00000000:0000 0A 00000000:00000000 00:00000000 00000000     0        0 27478 1 ffff880fe3878000 100 0 0 10 0                    
   3: 0100007F:0019 00000000:0000 0A 00000000:00000000 00:00000000 00000000     0        0 27743 1 ffff880fe3d18000 100 0 0 10 0                    
   4: 378BA8C0:0016 1B89A8C0:CD20 01 00000060:00000000 01:00000024 00000000     0        0 31998 4 ffff880fe5b70000 36 4 31 8 7                     
[root@centos7 ~]# ip -s -s link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    RX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped overrun mcast  
    340        4        0       0       0       0      
    RX errors: length   crc     frame   fifo    missed
               0        0       0       0       0      
    TX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped carrier collsns
    340        4        0       0       0       0      
    TX errors: aborted  fifo   window heartbeat
               0        0       0       0      
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT qlen 1000
    link/ether 50:50:18:aa:80:17 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    RX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped overrun mcast  
    6137827    69361    0       0       0       0      
    RX errors: length   crc     frame   fifo    missed
               0        0       0       0       0      
    TX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped carrier collsns
    79639      583      0       0       0       0      
    TX errors: aborted  fifo   window heartbeat
               0        0       0       0      
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN mode DEFAULT
    link/ether 52:54:00:71:94:cc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    RX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped overrun mcast  
    0          0        0       0       0       0      
    RX errors: length   crc     frame   fifo    missed
               0        0       0       0       0      
    TX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped carrier collsns
    0          0        0       0       0       0      
    TX errors: aborted  fifo   window heartbeat
               0        0       0       0      
4: virbr0-nic: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN mode DEFAULT qlen 500
    link/ether 52:54:00:71:94:cc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    RX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped overrun mcast  
    0          0        0       0       0       0      
    RX errors: length   crc     frame   fifo    missed
               0        0       0       0       0      
    TX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped carrier collsns
    0          0        0       0       0       0      
    TX errors: aborted  fifo   window heartbeat
               0        0       0       0      
[root@centos7 ~]# ip address
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 50:50:18:aa:80:17 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.139.55/20 brd 192.168.143.255 scope global dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 1433sec preferred_lft 1433sec
    inet6 fe80::5250:18ff:feaa:8017/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN
    link/ether 52:54:00:71:94:cc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN qlen 500
    link/ether 52:54:00:71:94:cc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@centos7 ~]# watch -d ip -s -s link

★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★
veth peer


[root@centos7 ~]# ip link add type veth
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]# ip link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT qlen 1000
    link/ether 50:50:18:aa:80:17 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN mode DEFAULT
    link/ether 52:54:00:71:94:cc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: virbr0-nic: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN mode DEFAULT qlen 500
    link/ether 52:54:00:71:94:cc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
5: veth0@veth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT qlen 1000
    link/ether 96:e2:e3:ed:1d:b9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
6: veth1@veth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT qlen 1000
    link/ether 72:7f:5a:c4:7d:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@centos7 ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 50:50:18:aa:80:17 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.139.55/20 brd 192.168.143.255 scope global dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 1325sec preferred_lft 1325sec
    inet6 fe80::5250:18ff:feaa:8017/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN
    link/ether 52:54:00:71:94:cc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN qlen 500
    link/ether 52:54:00:71:94:cc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
5: veth0@veth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000
    link/ether 96:e2:e3:ed:1d:b9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
6: veth1@veth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000
    link/ether 72:7f:5a:c4:7d:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@centos7 ~]# ip link set dev veth1 up
[root@centos7 ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 50:50:18:aa:80:17 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.139.55/20 brd 192.168.143.255 scope global dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 1302sec preferred_lft 1302sec
    inet6 fe80::5250:18ff:feaa:8017/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN
    link/ether 52:54:00:71:94:cc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN qlen 500
    link/ether 52:54:00:71:94:cc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
5: veth0@veth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000
    link/ether 96:e2:e3:ed:1d:b9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
6: veth1@veth0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state LOWERLAYERDOWN qlen 1000
    link/ether 72:7f:5a:c4:7d:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@centos7 ~]# ip a add dev veth0 192.168.3.1/29
[root@centos7 ~]# ip route
default via 192.168.128.1 dev eth0
192.168.122.0/24 dev virbr0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.122.1
192.168.128.0/20 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.139.55
[root@centos7 ~]# ip a add dev veth1 192.168.3.2/29
[root@centos7 ~]# ip route
default via 192.168.128.1 dev eth0
192.168.3.0/29 dev veth1  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.3.2
192.168.122.0/24 dev virbr0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.122.1
192.168.128.0/20 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.139.55
[root@centos7 ~]# ip link set dev veth0 up
[root@centos7 ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 50:50:18:aa:80:17 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.139.55/20 brd 192.168.143.255 scope global dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 1193sec preferred_lft 1193sec
    inet6 fe80::5250:18ff:feaa:8017/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN
    link/ether 52:54:00:71:94:cc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN qlen 500
    link/ether 52:54:00:71:94:cc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
5: veth0@veth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 96:e2:e3:ed:1d:b9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.3.1/29 scope global veth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::94e2:e3ff:feed:1db9/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
6: veth1@veth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 72:7f:5a:c4:7d:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.3.2/29 scope global veth1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::707f:5aff:fec4:7d1a/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]# ip route
default via 192.168.128.1 dev eth0
192.168.3.0/29 dev veth1  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.3.2
192.168.3.0/29 dev veth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.3.1
192.168.122.0/24 dev virbr0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.122.1
192.168.128.0/20 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.139.55
[root@centos7 ~]# ethtool -S veth0
NIC statistics:
     peer_ifindex: 6
[root@centos7 ~]# ethtool -S veth1
NIC statistics:
     peer_ifindex: 5
[root@centos7 ~]#
     peer_ifindex: 5
[root@centos7 ~]# ping -I veth0 192.168.3.2
PING 192.168.3.2 (192.168.3.2) from 192.168.3.1 veth0: 56(84) bytes of data.
From 192.168.3.1 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.3.1 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.3.1 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.3.1 icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.3.1 icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.3.1 icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.3.1 icmp_seq=7 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.3.1 icmp_seq=8 Destination Host Unreachable
★★开另一个ssh
[root@centos7 ~]# tcpdump -i veth1
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on veth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes
07:21:39.312134 ARP, Request who-has localhost tell localhost, length 28
07:21:40.312989 ARP, Request who-has localhost tell localhost, length 28
07:21:41.314973 ARP, Request who-has localhost tell localhost, length 28
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]# tcpdump -i veth1 -v
tcpdump: listening on veth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes
07:22:39.351507 ARP, Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Request who-has localhost tell localhost, length 28
07:22:40.352999 ARP, Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Request who-has localhost tell localhost, length 28
07:22:41.354977 ARP, Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Request who-has localhost tell localhost, length 28

[root@centos7 ~]# tcpdump -i veth1 -e
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on veth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes
07:22:59.655361 96:e2:e3:ed:1d:b9 (oui Unknown) > Broadcast, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 42: Request who-has localhost tell localhost, length 28
07:23:00.657021 96:e2:e3:ed:1d:b9 (oui Unknown) > Broadcast, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 42: Request who-has localhost tell localhost, length 28
07:23:01.658978 96:e2:e3:ed:1d:b9 (oui Unknown) > Broadcast, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 42: Request who-has localhost tell localhost, length 28

如果第一个窗口
[root@centos7 ~]# ping -I veth0 8.8.8.8
PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8) from 192.168.3.1 veth0: 56(84) bytes of data.
From 192.168.3.1 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.3.1 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.3.1 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable

则
[root@centos7 ~]# tcpdump -i veth1 -e -v
tcpdump: listening on veth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes
07:23:45.375190 96:e2:e3:ed:1d:b9 (oui Unknown) > Broadcast, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 42: Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Request who-has google-public-dns-a.google.com tell localhost, length 28
07:23:46.377023 96:e2:e3:ed:1d:b9 (oui Unknown) > Broadcast, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 42: Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Request who-has google-public-dns-a.google.com tell localhost, length 28
07:23:47.378972 96:e2:e3:ed:1d:b9 (oui Unknown) > Broadcast, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 42: Ethernet (len 6), IPv4 (len 4), Request who-has google-public-dns-a.google.com tell localhost, length 28




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