Httpclient远程调用WebService示例（Eclipse+httpclient）

我们将Web Service发布在Tomcat或者其他应用服务器上后，有很多方法可以调用该Web Service，常用的有两种：

      1、通过浏览器HTTP调用，返回规范的XML文件内容
      2、通过客户端程序调用，返回结果可自定义格式

      接下来，我利用Eclipse作为开发工具，演示一个Httpclient调用WebService的简单示例
      第一种调用见我的另一篇博文：http://www.cnblogs.com/lanxuezaipiao/archive/2013/05/10/3071584.html
      步骤如下： 
     
     准备工作：用到的jar包有： 下载链接（http://download.csdn.net/detail/lanxuezaipiao/5354480）
                  

      第一步：新建Java Project，项目名称为HttpCallWebService

      第二步：将所需jar包导入到库中

      第三步：编写调用class，这里有两种方式调用，即GET方式和POST方式，由于POST方式较安全，故这里采用POST方式调用；请求数据的构造也有两种方式：静态和动态构造，下面分别介绍这两种方式：

      注：这里以E邮宝开放的webservice接口为例调用其中一个API函数，而E邮宝的webservice基于SOAP，故请求数据为SOAP格式，大家可根据自己情况进行修改

      静态构造请求数据：

 1 package com.http;
 2 
 3 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
 4 import java.io.IOException;
 5 import java.io.InputStream;
 6 
 7 import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
 8 import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpException;
 9 import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.InputStreamRequestEntity;
10 import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
11 import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.RequestEntity;
12 
13 public class StaticHttpclientCall {
14 
15     /**
16      * @param args
17      * @throws IOException
18      * @throws HttpException
19      */
20     public static void main(String[] args) throws HttpException, IOException {
21         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
22 
23         String soapRequestData = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>"
24                 + "<soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\""
25                 + " xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\""
26                 + " xmlns:soap12=\"http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope\">"
27                 + " <soap12:Body>"
28                 + " <GetAPACShippingPackage xmlns=\"http://shippingapi.ebay.cn/\">"
29                 + " <GetAPACShippingPackageRequest>"
30                 + " <TrackCode>123</TrackCode>"
31                 + " <Version>123</Version>"
32                 + " <APIDevUserID>123</APIDevUserID>"
33                 + " <APIPassword>123</APIPassword>"
34                 + " <APISellerUserID>123</APISellerUserID>"
35                 + " <MessageID>123</MessageID>"
36                 + " </GetAPACShippingPackageRequest>"
37                 + " </GetAPACShippingPackage>" + "</soap12:Body>"
38                 + " </soap12:Envelope>";
39 
40         System.out.println(soapRequestData);
41 
42         PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(
43                 "http://epacketws.pushauction.net/v3/orderservice.asmx?wsdl");
44 
45         // 然后把Soap请求数据添加到PostMethod中
46         byte[] b = soapRequestData.getBytes("utf-8");
47         InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(b, 0, b.length);
48         RequestEntity re = new InputStreamRequestEntity(is, b.length,
49                 "application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8");
50         postMethod.setRequestEntity(re);
51 
52         // 最后生成一个HttpClient对象，并发出postMethod请求
53         HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
54         int statusCode = httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);
55         if(statusCode == 200) {
56             System.out.println("调用成功！");
57             String soapResponseData = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
58             System.out.println(soapResponseData);
59         }
60         else {
61             System.out.println("调用失败！错误码：" + statusCode);
62         }
63 
64     }
65 
66 }

      动态构造数据：

  1 package com.http;
  2 
  3 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
  4 import java.io.InputStream;
  5 import java.util.HashMap;
  6 import java.util.Map;
  7 import java.util.Set;
  8 
  9 import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
 10 import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.InputStreamRequestEntity;
 11 import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
 12 import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.RequestEntity;
 13 
 14 // 动态构造调用串，灵活性更大
 15 public class DynamicHttpclientCall {
 16 
 17     private String namespace;
 18     private String methodName;
 19     private String wsdlLocation;
 20     private String soapResponseData;
 21 
 22     public DynamicHttpclientCall(String namespace, String methodName,
 23             String wsdlLocation) {
 24 
 25         this.namespace = namespace;
 26         this.methodName = methodName;
 27         this.wsdlLocation = wsdlLocation;
 28     }
 29 
 30     private int invoke(Map<String, String> patameterMap) throws Exception {
 31         PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(wsdlLocation);
 32         String soapRequestData = buildRequestData(patameterMap);
 33 
 34         byte[] bytes = soapRequestData.getBytes("utf-8");
 35         InputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes, 0,
 36                 bytes.length);
 37         RequestEntity requestEntity = new InputStreamRequestEntity(inputStream,
 38                 bytes.length, "application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8");
 39         postMethod.setRequestEntity(requestEntity);
 40 
 41         HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
 42         int statusCode = httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);
 43         soapResponseData = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
 44 
 45         return statusCode;
 46     }
 47 
 48     private String buildRequestData(Map<String, String> patameterMap) {
 49         StringBuffer soapRequestData = new StringBuffer();
 50         soapRequestData.append("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>");
 51         soapRequestData
 52                 .append("<soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\""
 53                         + " xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\""
 54                         + " xmlns:soap12=\"http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope\">");
 55         soapRequestData.append("<soap12:Body>");
 56         soapRequestData.append("<" + methodName + " xmlns=\"" + namespace
 57                 + "\">");
 58         soapRequestData.append("<" + methodName + "Request>");
 59 
 60         Set<String> nameSet = patameterMap.keySet();
 61         for (String name : nameSet) {
 62             soapRequestData.append("<" + name + ">" + patameterMap.get(name)
 63                     + "</" + name + ">");
 64         }
 65         
 66         soapRequestData.append("</" + methodName + "Request>");
 67         soapRequestData.append("</" + methodName + ">");
 68         soapRequestData.append("</soap12:Body>");
 69         soapRequestData.append("</soap12:Envelope>");
 70 
 71         return soapRequestData.toString();
 72     }
 73 
 74     /**
 75      * @param args
 76      * @throws Exception
 77      */
 78     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
 79         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
 80 
 81         DynamicHttpclientCall dynamicHttpclientCall = new DynamicHttpclientCall(
 82                 "http://shippingapi.ebay.cn/", "GetAPACShippingPackage",
 83                 "http://epacketws.pushauction.net/v3/orderservice.asmx?wsdl");
 84 
 85         Map<String, String> patameterMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
 86 
 87         patameterMap.put("TrackCode", "123");
 88         patameterMap.put("Version", "123");
 89         patameterMap.put("APIDevUserID", "123");
 90         patameterMap.put("APIPassword", "123");
 91         patameterMap.put("APISellerUserID", "123");
 92         patameterMap.put("MessageID", "123");
 93         patameterMap.put("TrackCode", "123");
 94 
 95         String soapRequestData = dynamicHttpclientCall.buildRequestData(patameterMap);
 96         System.out.println(soapRequestData);
 97 
 98         int statusCode = dynamicHttpclientCall.invoke(patameterMap);
 99         if(statusCode == 200) {
100             System.out.println("调用成功！");
101             System.out.println(dynamicHttpclientCall.soapResponseData);
102         }
103         else {
104             System.out.println("调用失败！错误码：" + statusCode);
105         }
106         
107     }
108 
109 }

      最终运行结果：

      可见最终返回的也是xml格式的数据，这里数据未进行格式化显示和处理