CentOS 6.3 启动\停止Oracle

在CentOS 6.3下安装完Oracle Database 11g Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production，重开机之后，你会发现Oracle没有自行启动，这是正常的，因为在Linux下安装Oracle的确不会自行启动，必须要自行设定相关参数。

首先先介绍一般而言如何启动oracle。

一、在Linux下启动Oracle

登录到CentOS，切换到oracle用户权限
# su – oracle
接着输入：
$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
原本的画面会变为
SQL>
接着请输入
SQL> startup
就可以正常的启动数据库了。

另外停止数据库的指令如下：
SQL> shutdown immediate

二、检查Oracle DB监听器是否正常

回到终端机模式，输入：
$ lsnrctl status
检查看看监听器是否有启动

如果没有启动，可以输入：
$ lsnrctl start
启动监听器


三、启动emctl

另外也可以发现http://localhost.localdomain:1158/em 目前是没有反应的，这边要另外启动，启动的指令如下：
$ emctl start dbconsole
这个指令运行时间较长。

手动启动Oracle数据库完毕，下面创建系统自行启动Oracle的脚本。

四、Oracle启动&停止脚本

1. 修改Oracle系统配置文件：/etc/oratab，只有这样，Oracle 自带的dbstart和dbshut才能够发挥作用。
# vi /etc/oratab
orcl:/opt/oracle/102:Y
# Entries are of the form:
#   $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
2. 在 /etc/init.d/ 下创建文件oracle，内容如下：

#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig: 35 80 10
# description: Oracle auto start-stop script.

#
# Set ORA_HOME to be equivalent to the $ORACLE_HOME
# from which you wish to execute dbstart and dbshut;
#
# Set ORA_OWNER to the user id of the owner of the
# Oracle database in ORA_HOME.
ORA_HOME=/opt/oracle/102
ORA_OWNER=oracle
if [ ! -f $ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart ]
then
    echo "Oracle startup: cannot start"
    exit
fi
case "$1" in
'start')
# Start the Oracle databases:
echo "Starting Oracle Databases ... "
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date +" %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Databases as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart" >>/var/log/oracle
echo "Done"

# Start the Listener:
echo "Starting Oracle Listeners ... "
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date +" %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Listeners as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start" >>/var/log/oracle
echo "Done."
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date +" %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
touch /var/lock/subsys/oracle
;;

'stop')
# Stop the Oracle Listener:
echo "Stoping Oracle Listeners ... "
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date +" %T %a %D : Stoping Oracle Listener as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop" >>/var/log/oracle
echo "Done."
rm -f /var/lock/subsys/oracle

# Stop the Oracle Database:
echo "Stoping Oracle Databases ... "
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date +" %T %a %D : Stoping Oracle Databases as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbshut" >>/var/log/oracle
echo "Done."
echo ""
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date +" %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
;;

'restart')
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
esac


3. 改变文件权限
# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/oracle

4. 添加服务
# chkconfig --level 35 oracle on

5. 需要在关机或重启机器之前停止数据库，做一下操作
# ln -s /etc/init.d/oracle /etc/rc0.d/K01oracle   //关机
# ln -s /etc/init.d/oracle /etc/rc6.d/K01oracle   //重启

6. 使用方法
# service oracle start        //启动oracle
# service oracle stop        //关闭oracle
# service oracle restart     //重启oracle

7. 测试

a. 开机自启动

b. service oracle stop

c. service oracle start

d. service oracle restart


至此，Oracle服务启动&停止脚本与开机自启动设置完毕。