搭建Spring MVC 4开发环境八步走

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Spring mvc

Spring MVC作为SpringFrameWork的产品，自诞生之日，就受到广泛开发者的关注，如今Spring MVC在Java中的发展可谓是蒸蒸日上，如今如果再有开发者说，不了解Spring MVC，或许就被人笑掉大牙。煽情的话就不说了，先告诉大家如何搭建Spring MVC开发环境。

（一）工作环境准备：

JDK 1.7

Eclipse Kepler

Apache Tomcat 8.0

（二）在Eclipse中新建Maven工程，在Archetype类型中，选择“maven-archetype-webapp”。

（三）配置pom.xml。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">

  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.favccxx.favsoft</groupId>

  <artifactId>favspringmvcrestful</artifactId>

  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <name>favspringmvcrestful Maven Webapp</name>

  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

   <properties>

      <spring.version>4.1.1.RELEASE</spring.version>

  </properties>

  <dependencies>

    <dependency>

      <groupId>junit</groupId>

      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

      <version>3.8.1</version>

      <scope>test</scope>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>

        <version>${spring.version}</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>

        <version>${spring.version}</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>

        <version>${spring.version}</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>

        <version>${spring.version}</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>jstl</groupId>

        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>

        <version>1.2</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>taglibs</groupId>

        <artifactId>standard</artifactId>

        <version>1.1.2</version>

    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <build>

    <finalName>favspringmvcrestful</finalName>

  </build>

</project>

（四）在WEB-INF/web.xml，配置Spring MVC转发。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee 

    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

    <display-name>favspringmvcrestful</display-name>
 
    <filter>

        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>

        <init-param>

            <param-name>encoding</param-name>

            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>

        </init-param>

        <init-param>

            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>

            <param-value>true</param-value>

        </init-param>

    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>

        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

    </filter-mapping>
 
    <listener>

        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

    </listener>
 
    <servlet>

        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>

        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

        <init-param>

            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

            <param-value>classpath*:spring-context.xml</param-value>

        </init-param>

        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>

        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>

        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>

    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

（五）在resources目录下，创建spring-context.xml，支持注解，页面路径解析等。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.favccxx.favsoft.favjson.controller"></context:component-scan>

    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">

        <property name="viewClass"

            value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />

        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views" />

        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />

    </bean>

</beans>

（六）新建HelloController类，使用注解完成Spring MVC类的调用。

package com.favccxx.favsoft.favjson.controller;
 
import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;
 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
 
@Controller

public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping("/greeting")

    public ModelAndView greeting(@RequestParam(value="name", defaultValue="World") String name) {

         System.out.println("Hello " + name);

         Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();

         map.put("userName", name);

         return new ModelAndView("/hello",map);

    }

}

（七）创建/WEB-INF/views/hello.jsp，用来展现数据。

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

<title>Hello</title>

</head>

<body>

    你好，${userName }

</body>

</html>