Spring MVC简单环境搭建

wy90314

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2014-05 ( 4)
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Spring mvc

刚到公司入职，开发框架使用的是SpingMVC，之前并没有接触过，所以需要提前学习下如何使用，花了这两天的时间，看了一些文档和一些源码，加上各种百度需要的方法说明，终于是搭建起了自己的小demo。

以下是环境搭建用的jar包：

com.springsource.javax.servlet.jsp.jstl-1.1.2.jar

       com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar
       com.springsource.org.apache.commons.logging-1.1.1.jar
       com.springsource.org.apache.taglibs.standard-1.1.2.jar
       org.springframework.aop-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar
       org.springframework.asm-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar
       org.springframework.beans-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar
       org.springframework.context-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar
       org.springframework.context.support-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar
       org.springframework.core-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar
       org.springframework.expression-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar
       org.springframework.web-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar
       org.springframework.web.servlet-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar

我没有连接数据库，所以一些数据库的驱动包是没有的^_^

首先，建立好包结构，如下

接下来开始jdbc-servlet.xml（其实就是spring的applicationContext.xml ^_^），如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="     
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd     
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx     
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd    
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context     
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd     
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop     
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd"
	default-autowire="byName">
        <!--数据源、事物的配置也放在这里，因为我的demo没放数据库，所以就偷懒不写啦-->
        <!--扫描组建-->
	<context:component-scan base-package="cn.wy.test">
          <!--把Controller屏蔽掉，省的冲突-->
	<context:exclude-filter type="regex" expression="cn.wy.test.action"/>
	</context:component-scan>
</beans>

当然还要写spring-mvc的配置文件呀，spring-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util  http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd">
	<!--当然是来扫描Controller的-->
        <context:component-scan base-package="cn.wy.test">
		<context:exclude-filter type="regex"
			expression="cn.wy.test.dao" />
		<context:exclude-filter type="regex"
			expression="cn.wy.test.service" />
			<context:exclude-filter type="regex"
			expression="cn.wy.test.entity" />
	</context:component-scan>
     <!--自动注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping与AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter 两个bean,
是spring MVC为@Controllers分发请求所必须的。-->
	<mvc:annotation-driven />
        <!--REST风格用来屏蔽静态文件路径-->
	<!-- <mvc:resources location="" mapping=""/> -->
	<!-- <mvc:interceptors> <mvc:interceptor></mvc:interceptor> </mvc:interceptors> -->
	<!-- <mvc:view-controller path="" view-name=""/> -->
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
		p:prefix="/WEB-INF/views" p:suffix=".jsp">
		<property name="viewClass"
			value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
	</bean>
</beans>

最后就是web.xml了

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
	<display-name>spring_mvc_demo</display-name>
<!--配置父容器-->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>/WEB-INF/jdbc-servlet.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>
<!--配置spring监听器-->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
	</listener>
<!--字符编码过滤-->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
<!--配置springMVC的容器（子容器）-->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>spring_mvc</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>spring_mvc</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	<welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>/WEB-INF/index.jsp</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

实体类：

package cn.wy.test.entity;

public class UserInfoPO {
	private long id;
	private String name;
	private String age;
	private String comeFrom;
	private String work;

	public long getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(String age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public String getComeFrom() {
		return comeFrom;
	}

	public void setComeFrom(String comeFrom) {
		this.comeFrom = comeFrom;
	}

	public String getWork() {
		return work;
	}

	public void setWork(String work) {
		this.work = work;
	}

}

DAO接口：

package cn.wy.test.dao;

import cn.wy.test.entity.UserInfoPO;

public interface IUserInfoDao {
	public UserInfoPO getUser();
}

DAO实现类：

package cn.wy.test.dao.impl;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import cn.wy.test.dao.IUserInfoDao;
import cn.wy.test.entity.UserInfoPO;

@Repository("userDao")
public class UserInfoDao implements IUserInfoDao {

	@Override
	public UserInfoPO getUser() {
		UserInfoPO user=new UserInfoPO();
		user.setName("**");
		user.setAge("24");
		user.setComeFrom("大海");
		user.setWork("lol");
		user.setId(1);
		return user;
	}

}

Service接口：

package cn.wy.test.service;


public interface IUserInfoService {
	public String getInfo();
}

Service实现类：

package cn.wy.test.service.impl;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import cn.wy.test.dao.IUserInfoDao;
import cn.wy.test.entity.UserInfoPO;
import cn.wy.test.service.IUserInfoService;

@Service("userService")
public class UserInfoService implements IUserInfoService {

	@Autowired
	private IUserInfoDao userDao;
	
	@Override
	public String getInfo() {
		UserInfoPO u=new UserInfoPO();
		u=userDao.getUser();
		return u.getId()+":我的名字叫"+u.getName()+"，我今年"+u.getAge()+"岁，来自遥远的"+u.getComeFrom()+"，我现在从事着IT行业，是一名"+u.getWork()+"，谢谢。";
	}

}

Controller类：

package cn.wy.test.action;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import cn.wy.test.entity.UserInfoPO;
import cn.wy.test.service.IUserInfoService;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserInfoController {
	@Autowired
	private IUserInfoService userService;

	@RequestMapping(value = "/jieshao.do"/**,method=RequestMethod.POST*/)
	public ModelAndView jieshao(@RequestParam(value = "login") String login,@ModelAttribute(value="user") UserInfoPO user) {
		System.out.println(user.getName()+","+user.getAge());
		ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
		mav.setViewName("/jieshao");
		mav.addObject("jieshao", userService.getInfo());
		return mav;
	}

}

HTML

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	
	<a href='<c:url value="/user/jieshao.do?login=123"/>'>sussess</a>
	<form method="post" action='<c:url value="/user/jieshao.do"/>'>
	用户名<input name="name"/><br/>
	年龄<input name="age" type="text"/><br/>
	<input type="submit" value="open"/>
	</form>
</body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	${jieshao }<br/>
	${user.name }&nbsp;${user.age }
</body>
</html>

部署一下就可以用了。

最后写一下对于SpringMVC的一点点理解吧：

1）因为使用了jpa，使得配置文件简化了很多

2）Controller不需要像以前写struts2的时候配置许多的配置文件用来引导，采用mapping的方式更加让人一目了然

3）页面表单的提交，采用@ModelAttribute的注解方式，可以使页面传值自动和实体类的属性对应

4）采用了父子容器的方式搭建出来的环境，需要注意区分哪些组件在那里扫描，否则会产生冲突