Ubuntu中安装HBase

前言

HBase是Hadoop家族中的一个分布式数据库产品，HBase支持高并发读写，列式数据存储，高效的索引，自动分片，自动Region迁移等许多优点，已经越来越多的被界业认可并实施。

目录

1. 在Ubuntu中环境准备
2. HBase安装
3. Thrift安装

1 在Ubuntu中环境准备

HBase是基于Java开发的运行Hadoop平台上分布式NoSQL数据库软件，HBase没有提供Windows系统安装版本。我在这里也只介绍HBase在Linux Ubuntu系统中的安装。

由于HBase是运行在Hadoop平台上面的，因此我们需要先安装好Hadoop的环境，Hadoop的安装请参考文章：[Hadoop历史版本安装](http://blog.fens.me/hadoop-history-source-install/)

HBase没有提供apt的软件源安装，我们需要自己去官方网络下载HBase软件包进行安装。HBase下载页：http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi/hbase/

系统环境：

• Linux Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS 64bit server
• Java JDK 1.6.0_45
• Hadoop 1.1.2

2 HBase安装

2.1 下载HBase

# 通过wget命令下载
~ wget http://www.gaidso.com/apache/hbase/stable/hbase-0.94.18.tar.gz

# 解压HBase
~ tar xvf hbase-0.94.18.tar.gz

# 移动HBase目录到文件夹
~ mv hbase-0.94.18/ /home/conan/hadoop/

# 进入目录
~ cd /home/conan/hadoop/hbase-0.94.18

2.2 配置HBase

2.2.1 修改启动文件hbase-env.sh

~ vi conf/hbase-env.sh

#打开注释
export JAVA_HOME=/home/conan/toolkit/jdk16
export HBASE_CLASSPATH=/home/conan/hadoop/hadoop-1.1.2/conf
export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=true

2.2.2 修改配置文件 hbase-site.xml

~ vi conf/hbase-site.xml

<configuration>
<property>
<name>hbase.rootdir</name>
<value>hdfs://master:9000/hbase</value>
</property>

<property>
<name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>

<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>

<property>
<name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>
<value>master</value>
</property>

<property>
<name>hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort</name>
<value>2181</value>
</property>

<property>
<name>hbase.zookeeper.property.dataDir</name>
<value>/home/conan/hadoop/hdata</value>
</property>
</configuration>

复制hadoop环境的配置文件和类库

~ cp ~/hadoop/hadoop-1.1.2/conf/hdfs-site.xml conf/
~ cp ~/hadoop/hadoop-1.1.2/hadoop-core-1.1.2.jar lib/
~ mkdir /home/conan/hadoop/hdata

2.3 启动hadoop和hbase

~ /home/conan/hadoop/hadoop-1.1.2/bin/start-all.sh
~ /home/conan/hadoop/hbase-0.94.18/bin/start-hbase.sh

# 查看hbase进程
~ jps
13838 TaskTracker
13541 JobTracker
15946 HMaster
16756 Jps
12851 NameNode
13450 SecondaryNameNode
13133 DataNode
15817 HQuorumPeer
16283 HRegionServer

2.4 打开HBase命令行客户端访问Hbase

~ bin/hbase shell
HBase Shell; enter 'help' for list of supported commands.
Type "exit" to leave the HBase Shell
Version 0.94.18, r1577788, Sat Mar 15 04:46:47 UTC 2014

hbase(main):002:0> help
HBase Shell, version 0.94.18, r1577788, Sat Mar 15 04:46:47 UTC 2014
Type 'help "COMMAND"', (e.g. 'help "get"' -- the quotes are necessary) for help on a specific command.
Commands are grouped. Type 'help "COMMAND_GROUP"', (e.g. 'help "general"') for help on a command group.

COMMAND GROUPS:
  Group name: general
  Commands: status, version, whoami

  Group name: ddl
  Commands: alter, alter_async, alter_status, create, describe, disable, disable_all, drop, drop_all, enable, enable_all, exists, is_disabled, is_enabled, list, show_filters

  Group name: dml
  Commands: count, delete, deleteall, get, get_counter, incr, put, scan, truncate

  Group name: tools
  Commands: assign, balance_switch, balancer, close_region, compact, flush, hlog_roll, major_compact, move, split, unassign, zk_dump

  Group name: replication
  Commands: add_peer, disable_peer, enable_peer, list_peers, list_replicated_tables, remove_peer, start_replication, stop_replication

  Group name: snapshot
  Commands: clone_snapshot, delete_snapshot, list_snapshots, restore_snapshot, snapshot

  Group name: security
  Commands: grant, revoke, user_permission

SHELL USAGE:
Quote all names in HBase Shell such as table and column names.  Commas delimit
command parameters.  Type  after entering a command to run it.
Dictionaries of configuration used in the creation and alteration of tables are
Ruby Hashes. They look like this:

  {'key1' => 'value1', 'key2' => 'value2', ...}

and are opened and closed with curley-braces.  Key/values are delimited by the
'=>' character combination.  Usually keys are predefined constants such as
NAME, VERSIONS, COMPRESSION, etc.  Constants do not need to be quoted.  Type
'Object.constants' to see a (messy) list of all constants in the environment.

If you are using binary keys or values and need to enter them in the shell, use
double-quote'd hexadecimal representation. For example:

  hbase> get 't1', "key\x03\x3f\xcd"
  hbase> get 't1', "key\003\023\011"
  hbase> put 't1', "test\xef\xff", 'f1:', "\x01\x33\x40"

The HBase shell is the (J)Ruby IRB with the above HBase-specific commands added.
For more on the HBase Shell, see http://hbase.apache.org/docs/current/book.html

2.5 HBase简单命令操作

#创建一个新表student
hbase(main):003:0> create 'student','info'
0 row(s) in 1.2680 seconds

#查看所有的表
hbase(main):004:0> list
TABLE
student
1 row(s) in 0.0330 seconds

#查看student的表结构
hbase(main):005:0> describe 'student'
DESCRIPTION                                                 ENABLED
 'student', {NAME => 'info', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', true
  BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS
  => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TTL =
 > '2147483647', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'false', BLOCKSIZE =
 > '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', ENCODE_ON_DISK => 'true',
  BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}
1 row(s) in 0.1100 seconds

#同student表中插入一条数据
hbase(main):007:0> put 'student','mary','info:age','19'
0 row(s) in 0.0490 seconds

#从student表中取出mary的数据
hbase(main):008:0> get 'student','mary'
COLUMN                   CELL
 info:age                timestamp=1396366643298, value=19
1 row(s) in 0.0190 seconds

#让student表失效
hbase(main):009:0> disable 'student'
0 row(s) in 1.2400 seconds

#列出所有表
hbase(main):010:0> list
TABLE
student
1 row(s) in 0.0310 seconds

#删除student表
hbase(main):013:0>  drop 'student'
0 row(s) in 1.1100 seconds

#列出所有表
hbase(main):014:0> list
TABLE