前段时间对Spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究,在此之间对Spring的事务配置虽说也配置过,但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉Spring的事务配置只要把思路理清,还是比较好掌握的。
总结如下:
Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分,分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分,无论哪种配置方式,一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。
DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化,比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时,DataSource实际为SessionFactory,TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。
具体如下图:
根据代理机制的不同,总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式,配置文件如下:
第一种方式:每个Bean都有一个代理
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置DAO -->
<bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<bean id="userDao"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
<property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
<property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
<!-- 配置事务属性 -->
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置DAO -->
<bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<bean id="userDao"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
<property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
<property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
<!-- 配置事务属性 -->
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
第二种方式:所有Bean共享一个代理基类
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<bean id="transactionBase"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
lazy-init="true" abstract="true">
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
<!-- 配置事务属性 -->
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置DAO -->
<bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >
<property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
</bean>
</beans>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<bean id="transactionBase"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
lazy-init="true" abstract="true">
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
<!-- 配置事务属性 -->
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置DAO -->
<bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >
<property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
</bean>
</beans>
第三种方式:使用拦截器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<bean id="transactionInterceptor"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
<!-- 配置事务属性 -->
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
<property name="beanNames">
<list>
<value>*Dao</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="interceptorNames">
<list>
<value>transactionInterceptor</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置DAO -->
<bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
</beans>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<bean id="transactionInterceptor"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
<!-- 配置事务属性 -->
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
<property name="beanNames">
<list>
<value>*Dao</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="interceptorNames">
<list>
<value>transactionInterceptor</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置DAO -->
<bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
</beans>
第四种方式:使用tx标签配置的拦截器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"
expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"
pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />
</aop:config>
</beans>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"
expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"
pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />
</aop:config>
</beans>
第五种方式:全注解
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
</beans>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
</bean>
<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
</beans>
此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解,如下:
package com.bluesky.spring.dao;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;
@Transactional
@Component("userDao")
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {
public List<User> listUsers() {
return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();
}
}
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;
@Transactional
@Component("userDao")
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {
public List<User> listUsers() {
return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();
}
}
相关推荐
以下是对Spring事务配置五种方式的详细解释: 1. **基于代理的方式(Proxy-based Transaction Management)**: - **第一种配置方式**:每个Bean都有一个代理 在这种配置中,Spring使用AOP(面向切面编程)创建一...
### Spring事务配置的五种方式详解 #### 一、引言 在企业级应用开发中,事务处理是非常重要的一部分,特别是在涉及多个数据库操作时。Spring框架提供了强大的事务管理功能,支持编程式和声明式两种事务处理方式。...
以下是对Spring事务配置五种方式的详细解释: 1. **基于代理的事务管理(Proxy-based Transaction Management)** 这是第一种配置方式,每个Bean都有一个独立的代理。在示例代码中,`TransactionProxyFactoryBean`...
以下是对Spring事务配置五种方式的详细解释: 1. **基于注解的事务管理(@Transactional)** 使用`@Transactional`注解在类或方法级别声明事务边界。这种方式适用于基于Java的配置,注解可以明确指定事务的传播...
Spring事务原理是指Spring框架中的一种机制,用于管理事务,并提供了多种配置方式。事务是指一系列的操作,作为一个整体执行,如果其中某个操作失败,整个事务将回滚。Spring事务原理围绕着两个核心:...
Spring框架在处理事务时提供了五种不同的配置方式,这些配置主要涉及到事务的声明式管理和编程式管理。在Spring中,事务管理通常分为三部分:DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制。DataSource是数据源,...
下面将详细介绍Spring的五种事务配置方式。 1. **基于XML的事务配置** - **每个Bean都有一个代理**: 在这种配置方式中,每个需要事务管理的Bean都会有一个对应的代理Bean。例如,对于DAO层的UserDao,我们首先...
Spring事务配置的五种方式 Spring框架中事务配置是非常重要的一部分,通常由三个组成部分组成,即DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制。无论采取何种配置方式,代理机制部分总是变化的,而DataSource和...
本文将详细介绍Spring配置事务的五种方法,每种方法都基于相同的基本组件:DataSource、TransactionManager以及代理机制。理解这些配置方式有助于更好地控制事务在应用程序中的行为。 1. **每个Bean都有一个代理** ...