hbase的常用指令

hbase(main):030:0> help
HBase Shell, version 0.96.1.1-hadoop1, rUnknown, Tue Dec 17 11:52:14 PST 2013
Type 'help "COMMAND"', (e.g. 'help "get"' -- the quotes are necessary) for help on a specific command.
Commands are grouped. Type 'help "COMMAND_GROUP"', (e.g. 'help "general"') for help on a command group.

COMMAND GROUPS:
  Group name: general
  Commands: status, table_help, version, whoami

  Group name: ddl
  Commands: alter, alter_async, alter_status, create, describe, disable, disable_all, drop, drop_all, enable, enable_all, exists, get_table, is_disabled, is_enabled, list, show_filters

  Group name: namespace
  Commands: alter_namespace, create_namespace, describe_namespace, drop_namespace, list_namespace, list_namespace_tables

  Group name: dml
  Commands: count, delete, deleteall, get, get_counter, incr, put, scan, truncate, truncate_preserve

  Group name: tools
  Commands: assign, balance_switch, balancer, catalogjanitor_enabled, catalogjanitor_run, catalogjanitor_switch, close_region, compact, flush, hlog_roll, major_compact, merge_region, move, split, trace, unassign, zk_dump

  Group name: replication
  Commands: add_peer, disable_peer, enable_peer, list_peers, list_replicated_tables, remove_peer

  Group name: snapshot
  Commands: clone_snapshot, delete_snapshot, list_snapshots, rename_snapshot, restore_snapshot, snapshot

  Group name: security
  Commands: grant, revoke, user_permission

SHELL USAGE:
Quote all names in HBase Shell such as table and column names.  Commas delimit
command parameters.  Type <RETURN> after entering a command to run it.
Dictionaries of configuration used in the creation and alteration of tables are
Ruby Hashes. They look like this:

  {'key1' => 'value1', 'key2' => 'value2', ...}

and are opened and closed with curley-braces.  Key/values are delimited by the
'=>' character combination.  Usually keys are predefined constants such as
NAME, VERSIONS, COMPRESSION, etc.  Constants do not need to be quoted.  Type
'Object.constants' to see a (messy) list of all constants in the environment.

If you are using binary keys or values and need to enter them in the shell, use
double-quote'd hexadecimal representation. For example:

  hbase> get 't1', "key\x03\x3f\xcd"
  hbase> get 't1', "key\003\023\011"
  hbase> put 't1', "test\xef\xff", 'f1:', "\x01\x33\x40"

The HBase shell is the (J)Ruby IRB with the above HBase-specific commands added.
For more on the HBase Shell, see http://hbase.apache.org/docs/current/book.html

 

 

1、进入shell,进入hbase的shell界面

hbase shell
HBase Shell; enter 'help<RETURN>' for list of supported commands.
Type "exit<RETURN>" to leave the HBase Shell
Version 0.96.1.1-hadoop1, rUnknown, Tue Dec 17 11:52:14 PST 2013

 

 2、查看hbase的状态

status
1 servers, 0 dead, 2.0000 average load

 3、查看hbase的版本

version
0.96.1.1-hadoop1, rUnknown, Tue Dec 17 11:52:14 PST 2013

 4、创建表

1、创建表
hbase(main):004:0> create 'tab1','name','age','addr'
0 row(s) in 1.5040 seconds

=> Hbase::Table - tab1

tab1:表名
'name','age','addr'：3个列族
创建新表至少要有一个列族。
2、查看表
（1）list
TABLE                                                                            
tab1
（2）describe 'tab1'
DESCRIPTION                                          ENABLED                     
 'tab1', {NAME => 'addr', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NO true                        
 NE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'                             
 , VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSI                             
 ONS => '0', TTL => '2147483647', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS                             
  => 'false', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa                             
 lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME => 'age', DATA_B                             
 LOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', REPL                             
 ICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESSION                              
 => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TTL => '2147483647'                             
 , KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'false', BLOCKSIZE => '6553                             
 6', IN_MEMORY => 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {N                             
 AME => 'name', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOM                             
 FILTER => 'ROW', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS                             
  => '1', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0'                             
 , TTL => '2147483647', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'false                             
 ', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', BLOC                             
 KCACHE => 'true'}                                                               
1 row(s) in 0.1410 seconds 

3、添加数据
put 'tab1','row2','age:age','24'
0 row(s) in 0.0270 seconds
注：tab1:表名，row2：row key，'age:age'：列名和列的key，24列的value

 5、查看表

（1）查看全部记录

scan 'tab1'
ROW                   COLUMN+CELL                                                
 row1                 column=name:name, timestamp=1391849407402, value=ru       
 row2                 column=age:age, timestamp=1391849930953, value=24        

 （2）查看部分记录

根据row key查询记录
get 'tab1','ruge'
COLUMN                CELL                                                       
 name:mingzi          timestamp=1391852952026, value=ru                          
 name:name            timestamp=1391853119913, value=ruge                        
 name:xingming        timestamp=1391852798192, value=ruge

 注：tab1：表名，ruge：row key

根据row key，和列族查询记录
get 'tab1','row2','age'
COLUMN                CELL                                                       
 age:age              timestamp=1391849930953, value=24

注：tab1：表名，row2：row key, age：列族

根据row key，列族和列名查询你一条记录
get 'tab1','ruge','name:xingming'
COLUMN                CELL                                                       
 name:xingming        timestamp=1391852798192, value=ruge

 6、修改表记录

put 'tab1','ruge','age:nianling','21'

7、删除记录

（1）删除一条记录

delete 'tab1','ruge','age:nianling'

注：age:nianling'：表示一列

（2）删除一行记录

 

deleteall 'tab1','row1'

row1：表示行键，这样会把这个行键的所有记录都删除

8、查看表有多少行

scan 'tab1'

ROW                   COLUMN+CELL                                                

 row2                 column=age:age, timestamp=1391849930953, value=24          

 ruge                 column=age:age_nl, timestamp=1391936937906, value=25       

 ruge                 column=name:mingzi, timestamp=1391852952026, value=ru      

 ruge                 column=name:name, timestamp=1391853119913, value=ruge      

 ruge                 column=name:xingming, timestamp=1391852798192, value=ruge 

 

这个表有2行

使用count命令查看

 

count 'tab1'
2 row(s) in 0.0860 seconds

 

 9、清空表

truncate 'test'
Truncating 'test' table (it may take a while):
 - Disabling table...
 - Dropping table...
 - Creating table...