前段时间对Spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究,在此之间对Spring的事务配置虽说也配置过,但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉Spring的事务配置只要把思路理清,还是比较好掌握的。
总结如下:
Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分,分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分,无论哪种配置方式,一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。
DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化,比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问 时,DataSource实际为SessionFactory,TransactionManager的实现为 HibernateTransactionManager。
具体如下图:
根据代理机制的不同,总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式,配置文件如下:
第一种方式:每个Bean都有一个代理
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
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< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
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xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
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xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
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< bean id = "sessionFactory"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
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< property name = "configLocation" value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
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< property name = "configurationClass" value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
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</ bean >
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<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
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< bean id = "transactionManager"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
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< property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />
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</ bean >
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<!-- 配置DAO -->
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< bean id = "userDaoTarget" class = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >
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< property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />
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</ bean >
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< bean id = "userDao"
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class = "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" >
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<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
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< property name = "transactionManager" ref = "transactionManager" />
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< property name = "target" ref = "userDaoTarget" />
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< property name = "proxyInterfaces" value = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
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<!-- 配置事务属性 -->
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< property name = "transactionAttributes" >
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< props >
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< prop key = "*" >PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</ prop >
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</ props >
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</ property >
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</ bean >
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</ beans >
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第二种方式:所有Bean共享一个代理基类
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
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< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
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xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
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xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
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< bean id = "sessionFactory"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
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< property name = "configLocation" value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
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< property name = "configurationClass" value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
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</ bean >
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<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
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< bean id = "transactionManager"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
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< property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />
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</ bean >
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< bean id = "transactionBase"
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class = "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
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lazy-init = "true" abstract = "true" >
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<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
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< property name = "transactionManager" ref = "transactionManager" />
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<!-- 配置事务属性 -->
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< property name = "transactionAttributes" >
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< props >
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< prop key = "*" >PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</ prop >
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</ props >
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</ property >
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</ bean >
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<!-- 配置DAO -->
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< bean id = "userDaoTarget" class = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >
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< property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />
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</ bean >
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< bean id = "userDao" parent = "transactionBase" >
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< property name = "target" ref = "userDaoTarget" />
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</ bean >
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</ beans >
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第三种方式:使用拦截器
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
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< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
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xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
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xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
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< bean id = "sessionFactory"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
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< property name = "configLocation" value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
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< property name = "configurationClass" value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
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</ bean >
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<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
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< bean id = "transactionManager"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
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< property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />
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</ bean >
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< bean id = "transactionInterceptor"
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class = "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor" >
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< property name = "transactionManager" ref = "transactionManager" />
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<!-- 配置事务属性 -->
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< property name = "transactionAttributes" >
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< props >
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< prop key = "*" >PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</ prop >
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</ props >
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</ property >
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</ bean >
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< bean class = "org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator" >
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< property name = "beanNames" >
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< list >
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< value >*Dao</ value >
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</ list >
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</ property >
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< property name = "interceptorNames" >
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< list >
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< value >transactionInterceptor</ value >
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</ list >
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</ property >
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</ bean >
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<!-- 配置DAO -->
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< bean id = "userDao" class = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >
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< property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />
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</ bean >
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</ beans >
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第四种方式:使用tx标签配置的拦截器
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
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< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
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xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
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xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
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xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
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< context:annotation-config />
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< context:component-scan base-package = "com.bluesky" />
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< bean id = "sessionFactory"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
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< property name = "configLocation" value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
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< property name = "configurationClass" value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
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</ bean >
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<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
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< bean id = "transactionManager"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
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< property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />
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</ bean >
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< tx:advice id = "txAdvice" transaction-manager = "transactionManager" >
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< tx:attributes >
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< tx:method name = "*" propagation = "REQUIRED" />
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</ tx:attributes >
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</ tx:advice >
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< aop:config >
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< aop:pointcut id = "interceptorPointCuts"
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expression = "execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
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< aop:advisor advice-ref = "txAdvice"
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pointcut-ref = "interceptorPointCuts" />
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</ aop:config >
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</ beans >
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第五种方式:全注解
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
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< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
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xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
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xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
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xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
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< context:annotation-config />
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< context:component-scan base-package = "com.bluesky" />
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< tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager = "transactionManager" />
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< bean id = "sessionFactory"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
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< property name = "configLocation" value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
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< property name = "configurationClass" value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
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</ bean >
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<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) -->
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< bean id = "transactionManager"
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class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
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< property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />
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</ bean >
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</ beans >
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此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解,如下:
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package com.bluesky.spring.dao;
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import java.util.List;
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import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
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import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
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import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
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import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
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import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;
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@Transactional |
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@Component ( "userDao" )
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public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {
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public List<User> listUsers() {
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return this .getSession().createQuery( "from User" ).list();
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}
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} |
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