Ubuntu安装输入法,wine,关闭lightdm

buntu下安装五笔拼音输入法
之前在Ubuntu下使用ibus五笔输入法，用了一段时间发现五笔输入法不能输入词组，并且五笔不支持拼音的功能，从网上找到可以使用fcitx替换掉ibus，因此自已尝试了一把，安装步骤如下：
1. 安装fcitx输入法
sudo apt-get install fcitx
2. fcitx默认只安装了拼音、双拼、区位码等输入法，fcitx-table-all包括五笔等其他输入法，也可以选择只安装五笔（fcitx-table-wubi/fcitx-table-wbpy）
sudo apt-get install fcitx-table-all
3. 使用fcitx-config设置输入法顺序，在“输入法”菜单中将“拼音”、“双拼”、“区位”输入法的顺序设置为0（Disable），将“码表”的顺序设置为1，并且在码表菜单中将“五笔拼音”的顺序改为1，并启用拼音，码表其他的顺序改为99
4. 在系统设置->语言支持菜单中，将输入法设置“fcitx”，如果想使用回ibus，此处改回ibus
5. 运行fcitx，小企鹅输入法就可以使用了，同时支持五笔和拼音。使用“ctrl"+”空格“进行中英文切换

关机命令
$ sudo shutdown -h now 
$ sudo shutdown -h 0 
$ sudo shutdown -h 12:00 "System is shutting down" 
$sudo halt
$sudo poweroff 

sudo shutdown -P now
sudo shutdown -h now

重启命令
$ sudo reboot 
$ sudo shutdown -r 0 

resolve ubuntu shutting down stop at splash screen:
Type in terminal: gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub
Find the line: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
Change this to: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi=force"
Save the file and close the file.
Finally, in terminal: sudo update-grub
解决Ubuntu无法关机
1. Type in terminal:
C代码  收藏代码
sudo gedit /etc/default/grub 

2. Find the line: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

3. Change this to: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi=force"

4. Save the file and close the file.

5. Finally, in terminal:
C代码  收藏代码
sudo update-grub
I found it here: Dell Studio 1569 Cannot Shutdown in Ubuntu 11.10 or 12.04
Entering BIOS usually by pressing Del button when computer starting. Go to Advanced Settings and make sure APM is Enabled.

If you have installed Windows Operating System, and you succeed to shutdown your computer on Windows, it means your APM is Enabled.

If it still don’t fix your problem, try it in terminal,
C代码  收藏代码
$ sudo gedit /etc/init.d/alsa-utils 

Change gedit with your favorite text editor. This will open alsa-utils or if it doesn’t exist, create new one.
Type,
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ifconfig wlan0 down 
ifconfig eth0 down 
EXITSTATUS=0 

Save file, and try to shutdown Ubuntu.
重启ibus输入法
killall ibus-daemon
ibus-daemon -d
一、输入法安装

最新的Ubuntu自带Ibus输入法，一般无需安装，只需参照下文的方法调出控制图标即可步骤如下：
1、CTRL+ALT+T调出控制台，执行命令： ibus-daemon -d
2、这时右上角工具条上会有个键盘图标，键盘图标上点击左键，选择Preferences
3、在InputMethod输入法一栏选择列表框，把列表下的中文PINYIN输入法Add进下面的列表即可
4、CTRL+SPACE可以切换出输入法。
这样就调出自带的ibus输入法，一般来讲够用了，天缘从来都是只用这个自带的。

如需手动安装Fctix或重装IBUS才需继续看下去。
Ibus安装：
参考下面地址：http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/IBus
Fctix安装：
参考下面地址：http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/Fcitx
其中，基本指令如下：
卸载scim（据说会与fcitx冲突）：
1
sudo apt-get purge scim
安装Fctix：
1
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:wengxt/fcitx-nightly
2
sudo apt-get update
3
sudo apt-get install fcitx fcitx-config-gtk fcitx-sunpinyin
安装其他码表:
1
sudo apt-get install fcitx-table-all
设为默认输入法（如果系统有多个输入法）:
1
im-switch -s fcitx -z default
问题来了，估计N多人到这里都会有问题，不是调不出输入法，就是根本看不到设置界面，甚至是乱码。
天缘在执行执行im-switch总是出现如下提示：
No system wide default defined just for locale en_US.
Use "all_ALL" quasi-locale and set IM.
Using '/etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/fcitx' to provide 'xinput-all_ALL'
最后也是稀里糊涂的又搞好了，大致步骤：
卸载Fctix-重装IBUS-重装Fctix-打开右上角车轮-系统设置-语言支持里捣鼓一会，结果就好了，因为不知道出在哪个环节问题，所以只能这么写了（*—*）。
二、输入法卸载

卸载Fcitx
1
sudo apt-get remove --purge fctix
卸载SCIM输入法
1
sudo apt-get remove --purge scim //删除SCIM及配置文件
2
sudo apt-get autoremove //删除SCIM依赖关系
3
sudo apt-get install -f //尝试修正安装过程出现的依赖性关系
二、小键盘显示

Ubuntu11.10到最新的12.04，（Ubuntu11.10英文版(locale=en_US)+Fctix输入法），每次重启机子，右上角的键盘图标都会消失掉。这个图标不出来，安装的输入法也无法使用ctrl+space调用出来。
运行如下两条指令调出IBUS输入法图标（显示在顶部的工具条右侧）：
1
killall ibus-daemon
2
ibus-daemon -d
1
功能说明：
2
第一条：结束IBUS进程，有时不需要，直接使用下面一条即可。
第二条：重启IBUS输入法，后续如果调出图标，也可以在图标上鼠标右键，选择Restart重启输入法也可以达到同样效果。
下载额外数据文件失败
以下软件包要求安装后下载附加数据，但其数据无法下载或无法处理。
ttf-mscorefonts-installer


安装最新版 wine

ubuntu 官方自带了 wine ，但是推荐用 winehq 官方提供的最新版本 wine ，新版本解决了很多以前显得麻烦的问题。
PPA地址：https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-wine/+archive/ppa
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wine
配置

winecfg
中文问题

~/ .wine/drive_c/windows/Fonts/   #只留一个你想要显示的中文字体在这哈哈哈
安装windows dll部件
命令winetricks


New computer hangs on shutdown/reboot, how to troubleshoot
The problem is with the wireless adapter. I have the same model and the wrong driver is loaded which prevents shutdown. To fix it you need to do this:

Open a terminal and type:
Code:
sudo modprobe -rf rt2860sta
Followed by:
Code:
sudo modprobe rt2860sta
Then you need to blacklist the wrong driver:
Code:
echo blacklist rt2800pci | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
Once you have rebooted (you will need to do a hard power off for the last time!) you will find you can reboot properly. Thanks to Linuxexperte for this fix.


Here's how. I use PlayOnLinux, because it makes using WINE so much easier. If you don't have PlayOnLinux, install it from the Ubuntu Software Centre (if you want the latest version, go to thePlayOnLinux download page, click on "Ubuntu", and follow the instructions).
Open PlayOnLinux. Wait a few seconds while it refreshes (the status bar at the bottom).
Click on the big "+ Install" button. A new window opens.
Click on the "Internet" button.
Click on "Internet Explorer 8".
Click on "Install".
About to install IE8

An installation wizard appears. Click Next; wait a bit.
IE8 will start to install, asking you a question and then to accept the license terms. It will prompt you to install updates; clear this check-box and press Next. Don't install updates
Wait a bit longer.
When prompted, select "Restart now (recommended)". This will not restart your computer; instead, PlayOnLinux will simulate a Windows restart.
Now, you will have an Internet Explorer icon on your desktop and another within the PlayOnLinux window. You can double-click either of these to start IE8.

Note that the display will not precisely match that on Windows for several reasons, but at least it will give you IE8 on Ubuntu!


解决:ttf-mscorefonts-installer
requested additional data downloads after package installation, but the data could not be downloaded or could not be processed.
Solution 1:
Connect to the internet and run this command below, to fix the error

sudo apt-get install --reinstall ttf-mscorefonts-installer
This will reinstall the package, and download the data files needed to configure the package. Wait for some times to finish downloading. The download size is approximately 4MB.

Solution 2:
Connect to the internet and go to this sourceforge link and download all the .exe files there except wd97vwr32.exe file.

Copy those files in your home directory.

Run this command to configure the package

sudo dpkg-reconfigure ttf-mscorefonts-installer
This will ask you whether you have downloaded microsoft fonts or not. Use Tab to select OK, and hit Enter.
Then again you will be asked to enter the directory name for the downloaded files, Type the location of your home directory and use Tab to select OK, and hit Enter.

For example, if your login name is anwar, the location will be /home/anwar, because I copied the downloaded fiiles there.

Done! you have successfully configured and setup the package.

What was the cause of the problem?
This package ttf-mscorefonts-installer is used to download Microsoft's font files (those files are made freely available by Microsoft) from the Internet and install them. Since you must accept the EULA of Microsoft to use those font files, those fonts cannot be included in the package like other Free (Free as freedom) packages.

The problem was, somehow you get disconnected from Internet before downloading those files. So, is the message asking to download more data files.

关闭lightdm图形
sudo service lightdm stop
(老版本的ubuntu用的是service gdm stop)

原文：http://blog.163.com/luowei505050@126/blog/static/119907206201312293734588/