MYSQL使用心得(二)----主从复制

基本配置
主数据库
配置文件，修改server_id=1
建立账户，供slave同步使用
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'repl'@'192.168.56.3' identified by 'repl';

Mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000005 | 261 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
记录下 FILE 及 Position 的值，在后面进行从服务器操作的时候需要用到。




从数据库
配置文件，修改server_id=2
执行同步SQL语句，地址为主数据库地址，和主数据库上的用户名和密码
change master to
master_host='192.168.56.2',
master_user='repl',
master_password='repl',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000005',
master_log_pos=261;

正确执行后启动Slave同步进程
start slave;

主从同步检查
mysql> show slave status\G
==============================================
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.56.2
                  Master_User: test
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 258
               Relay_Log_File: Slave2-relay-bin.000003
                Relay_Log_Pos: 404
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 258
              Relay_Log_Space: 561
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id: 1
==============================================

其中Slave_IO_Running 与 Slave_SQL_Running 的值都必须为YES，才表明状态正常。

【参考资料】
mysql实战高级教程
http://zhumeng8337797.blog.163.com/blog/static/100768914201191385538506/
mysql5.6主从复制
http://blog.csdn.net/stuartjing/article/details/9719701
MYSQL数据丢失讨论
http://hatemysql.com/tag/sync_binlog/
GTID
http://www.tuicool.com/articles/NjqQju
http://mysqllover.com/?p=87

【注意】
mysql5.6如果直接拷贝安装，需要手动删除data_dir下的auto.cnf文件

另外mysql5.6在主库上创建账户，不会同步到从库上，这是一个BUG
所以账户要在start slave之前创建
这是一个BUG，将在5.6.15中修复，参考http://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=68892

在线主从复制集群的配置与恢复及主主配置
http://phl.iteye.com/blog/1983120