英文语法1

一、动词be (verb to be)
am,are,is

I am (not) a student.
You are (not) a student.
He is (not) a student.
She is (not) a student.
It is (not) a desk.

We are (not) students.
You are (not) students.
They are (not) students.

are not = aren't
is not = isn't


Am I .. ?
Yes, you are.
No, you are not.

Are you .. ?
Yes, I am.
No, I am not.

Is he(she, it) .. ?
Yes, he(she, it) is.
No, he(she, it) isn't.

Are you(they) .. ?
Yes, we(they) are.
No, we(they) are not.


二、人称代词和物主代词 (Personal and Possessive Pronouns)
主格：
I, you, she, he, it, we, you, they
宾格：
me, you, her, him, it, us, you, them

I am learning English.
They are picking apples.
We will help them.
Some of us are tall.

形容词性物主代词：
my, your, her, his, its, our, your, their
名词性物主代词：
mine, yours, hers, his, its, ours, yours, theirs

my hat
their classroom
our school

This is not my coat.
Mine is in the bedroom.

You may use my bike.
I'll use his.

The shoes are theirs.
He is a friend of mine.

Now the girl is guite a help to her mother.
He writes with his left hand.


三、There be 结构
There is(are) + 某物或某人在某地
-> 某地有某物（某人）

There is a house in the picture.
There are some birds in the tree.

There isn't a house in the picture.
There isn't any water in the bottle.
There aren't any factories in the city.

Is there a boy under the tree?
Yes, there is.
No, there isn't.

Are there any bananas on the tree?
Yes, there are (some).
No, there aren't (any).

There are five pictures on the wall.
I have five pictures.

There has been a picture on the wall for a long time.
The picture has been on the wall for a long time.

There is an apple and some tomatoes on the table.
There are two balls and a box under the table.

There isn't a desk or chairs in the classroom.
There aren't any pictures or a map on the wall.