使用Spring+JDBC组合步骤

使用Spring+JDBC组合步骤如下：

一、首先：配置数据源如：

在配置数据源时，先添加spring开发能力，添加库文件{

Spring 2.5 AOP Libraries

Spring 2.5 Core Libraries

Spring 2.5 Persistence Core Libraries

Spring 2.5 Persistence JDBC Libraries    //这个可不要忘了加

}

注意： ${}是把dataSource的属性放到properties文档里面

 <bean id="dataSource"
  class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
  <property name="driverClassName"
   value="${driverClassName}">
  </property>
  <property name="url"
   value="${url}">
  </property>
  <property name="username" value="${username}"></property>
  <property name="password" value="${password}"></property>
  <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->
  <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
  <!-- 连接池的最大值 -->
  <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>
  <!-- 最大空间值、当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，直至减少的maxIdle为止 -->
  <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
  <!-- 最小空间值，当空间的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请一些连接，以免洪峰来时 来不及申请 -->
  <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
 </bean>

 可以把配置放到属性文件里面去 jdbc.properties

driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc\:mysql\://localhost\:3306/test?useUnicode\=true&characterEncoding\=UTF-8
username=root
password=fly
initialSize=1
maxActive=500
maxIdle=2
minIdle=1

 在spring容器中加入下面代码

<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

二、配置事务，配置事务时，需要在xml配置文件中引入用于声明事务的tx命名空间，

事务的配置有两种：注解方式和基于XML配置方式

在这里我采用“注解方式”如：  <bean id="txManager"
  class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"
  abstract="false" lazy-init="default"
  dependency-check="default">
  <property name="dataSource">           //要求注入数据源，dataSource是我们自己定义的数据源
   <ref bean="dataSource" />
  </property>
 </bean>

  我们采用注解方式，

<!-- 采用@Transaction注解方式使用事务 -->

<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>   //transaction-manager属性指定事务管理器

首先添加tx：的命名空间：红色的是tx的命名空间

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">

</beans>

 经过这几步的配置，我们已经配置好了spring到jdbc的集成

spring容器中的全部配置：如下:可以直接拷贝使用

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">
 <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
 <bean id="dataSource"
  class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
  <property name="driverClassName"
   value="${driverClassName}">
  </property>
  <property name="url"
   value="${url}">
  </property>
  <property name="username" value="${username}"></property>
  <property name="password" value="${password}"></property>
  <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->
  <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
  <!-- 连接池的最大值 -->
  <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>
  <!-- 最大空间值、当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，直至减少的maxIdle为止 -->
  <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
  <!-- 最小空间值，当空间的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请一些连接，以免洪峰来时 来不及申请 -->
  <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
 </bean>
 <bean id="txManager"
  class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"
  abstract="false" lazy-init="default" 
  dependency-check="default">
  <property name="dataSource">
   <ref bean="dataSource" />
  </property>
 </bean>
 <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>
 <bean id="personService" class="com.xt.service.impl.PersonServiceBean">
 <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> 
 </bean>
</beans>

 三、接下来，建表，编写业务逻辑，增删查改

建表：表名：person

          字段：id Intege  primary key  autoincrment 自增

          字段：name varchar（20）

首先：定义接口：PersionService

package com.xt.service;

import java.util.List;

import com.xt.bean.Person;

public interface PersonService {
 
 public void save(Person person);
 
 public void update(Person person);
 
 public Person getPerson(Integer personid);
 
 public List<Person> getPersons();
 
 public void delete(Integer personid);
 
}

 

建立bean类 ：Person

package com.xt.bean;
public class Person {
 public Integer id;
 public String name;
 public Person(){};
 public Person(String name) {
  this.name=name;
 }
 public Integer getId() {
  return id;
 }
 public void setId(Integer id) {
  this.id = id;
 }
 public String getName() {
  return name;
 }
 public void setName(String name) {
  this.name = name;
 }
}


给PersonService接口，创建实现类PersonServiceBean

package com.xt.service.impl;
import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import com.xt.bean.Person;
import com.xt.service.PersonService;
@Transactional
public class PersonServiceBean implements PersonService {
 private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;   //我们使用spring提供的JdbcTemplate类进行管理，
 public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
  this.jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
 }
 @Transactional(rollbackFor=Exception.class)
 public void delete(Integer personid) {
  jdbcTemplate.update("delete from person where id=?",
    new Object[]{personid},
    new int[]{java.sql.Types.INTEGER}); }
 
 public Person getPerson(Integer personid) {
  return (Person)jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select *from person where id=?",
    new Object[]{personid}, new PersonRowMapper());  
 }
 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 public List<Person> getPersons() {
  return (List<Person>)jdbcTemplate.query("select * from person", new PersonRowMapper());  
 }
 public void save(Person person) {
  jdbcTemplate.update("insert into person(name) values(?)",
    new Object[]{person.getName()}, new int[]{java.sql.Types.VARCHAR});
 }
 public void update(Person person) {
  jdbcTemplate.update("update person set name=? where id=?",
    new Object[]{person.getName()},
    new int[]{java.sql.Types.VARCHAR,java.sql.Types.INTEGER});
 }

}

还需要一个回调接口PersonRowMapper

package com.xt.service.impl;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import com.xt.bean.Person;
public class PersonRowMapper implements RowMapper {
 public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int index) throws SQLException {
  Person person = new Person(rs.getString("name"));
  person.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
  return person;
 }
}

把PersonServiceBean交给spring，把下面的代码加到spring容器管理

 <bean id="personService" class="com.xt.service.impl.PersonServiceBean">
 <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />    //获取数据源
 </bean>

然后，我们来进行测试建立一个单元测试

package junit.test;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.xt.bean.Person;
import com.xt.service.PersonService;
public class PersonServiceBeanTest {
 private static PersonService personService;
 @BeforeClass
 public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {
  ApplicationContext cxt = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
    "/applicationContext.xml");
  personService = (PersonService) cxt.getBean("personService");
 }
 @Test
 public void save() {
  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
   personService.save(new Person("众志成城" + i));
  }
 }
 @Test
 public void update() {
  Person person = personService.getPerson(1);
  person.setName("我是大好人");
  System.out.println(person.getName());
 }
 @Test
 public void getPerson() {
  Person person = personService.getPerson(1);
  System.out.println(person.getName());
 }
 @Test
 public void delete() {
  personService.delete(2);
 }
 @Test
 public void getBeans() {
  for (Person p : personService.getPersons())
   System.out.println(p.getId() + "   =  " + p.getName());
 }
}