mysql5.5.14安装

1.创建用户和用户组与赋予数据存放目录权限
  groupadd -g 502 mysql
  useradd -u 502 -g mysql mysql
2.wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.5.tar.gz

  tar zxf cmake-2.8.5.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src
  cd /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.5
  ./configure
  make && make install
  有时需要用到代理
  export http_proxy=http://ip:port/
  export ftp_proxy=http://ip:port/
3.安装mysql 5.5.14
  wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.14.tar.gz

  tar zxf mysql-5.5.14.tar.gz
4.创建mysql安装目录和数据存放目录　
  mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/
  mkdir -p /opt/data/mysql/
  chown mysql.mysql -R /opt/data/mysql/
5.编译mysql-5.5.14
  CFLAGS="-O3" CXX=gcc
  CXXFLAGS="-O3 -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti"

  /usr/local/bin/cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=utf8,gbk \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/data/mysql \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/home/mysql/mysql -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all
  nohup make -j6 && make install
6.配置文件
  cp /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf-`date +%F`
  mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/etc
  cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf
  chgrp -R mysql *

  cd /opt/data/mysql/
  chown mysql.mysql /opt/data/mysql/

  vim /etc/my.cnf加入

  innodb_log_files_in_group=2
  innodb_data_home_dir = /opt/data/mysql/
  innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2000M;ibdata2:2000M;ibdata3:20M:autoextend
  innodb_log_group_home_dir = /opt/data/mysql/

  # 4G RAM
   innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G
   innodb_log_file_size = 256M
   innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
   innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0
   innodb_thread_concurrency=8
   innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT

   # perform
   tmp_table_size = 512M
   max_heap_table_size=128M
  
6. 设置mysqld的开机启动:
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on
chkconfig –list mysqld

配置环境
#加入mysql到路径
echo pathmunge /usr/local/mysql/bin after > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

#执行一下，保证mysql在路径环境变量中
. /etc/profile

或者
vim /etc/profile
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

启动mysql服务
/etc/init.d/mysqld start  //服务器端开关

启动完成之后用ps -ef |grep mysql 命令查看是否启动

7       mysql安全设置
设置root帐户的密码
mysqladmin -u root password '360buy.com'

删除本机匿名连接的空密码帐号
本机登录mysql
mysql -uroot -p
然后输入上面设置的密码，登录后在mysql的命令行中执行：
use mysql;
delete from user where user="";
delete from user where password="";
flush privileges;

查看编码：
show variables like "%char%";
修改：
SET collation_connection = utf8_bin;
SET collation_database = utf8_bin;
SET collation_server = utf8_bin;
SET character_set_client = utf8;
SET character_set_connection = utf8; 
quit