严重 exception starting filter struts2 unable to load configuration.

myeclipse6.0+tomcat6.0+jdk1.5+struts 2.1.6

1．类库包：

commons-logging-1.0.4.jar

freemarker-2.3.13.jar

ognl-2.6.11.jar

struts2-core-2.1.6.jar

xwork-2.1.2.jar

2．web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app>

<display-name>first Struts 2 Project</display-name>

<filter>

<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>

</filter>

<filter-mapping>

<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</filter-mapping>

</web-app>

3．index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>

<h1>HelloWorld</h1>

就以上几个文件，在启动Tomcat时老是报异常如下：

2009-5-13 10:32:41 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init

信息: The Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: E:/Program Files/MyEclipse 6.0/bin;E:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Tomcat 6.0/bin

2009-5-13 10:32:41 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol init

信息: Initializing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080

2009-5-13 10:32:41 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load

信息: Initialization processed in 1166 ms

2009-5-13 10:32:41 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService start

信息: Starting service Catalina

2009-5-13 10:32:41 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine start

信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/6.0.13

2009-5-13 10:32:43 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log

信息: ContextListener: contextInitialized()

2009-5-13 10:32:43 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log

信息: SessionListener: contextInitialized()

2009-5-13 10:32:47 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info

信息: Parsing configuration file [struts-default.xml]

2009-5-13 10:32:47 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext filterStart

严重: Exception starting filter struts2

Unable to load configuration. - bean - jar:file:/E:/Program%20Files/Apache%20Software%20Foundation/Tomcat%206.0/webapps/StudyJ2EE/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.1.6.jar!/struts-default.xml:46:178

at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:58)

at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:360)

at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:403)

at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher.init(FilterDispatcher.java:190)

at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:275)

at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.setFilterDef(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:397)

at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:108)

at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:3693)

at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4340)

at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:791)

at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:771)

at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:525)

at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:920)

at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectories(HostConfig.java:883)

at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:492)

at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1138)

at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:311)

at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117)

at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053)

at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:719)

at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)

at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)

at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:516)

at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)

at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:566)

at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)

at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)

at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)

at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)

at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)

at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:413)

Caused by: Unable to load bean: type:org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.multipart.MultiPartRequest class:org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.multipart.JakartaMultiPartRequest - bean - jar:file:/E:/Program%20Files/Apache%20Software%20Foundation/Tomcat%206.0/webapps/StudyJ2EE/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.1.6.jar!/struts-default.xml:46:178

at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.register(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:222)

at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.register(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:101)

at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:165)

at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:55)

... 30 more

Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/fileupload/RequestContext

at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredConstructors0(Native Method)

at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredConstructors(Unknown Source)

at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredConstructors(Unknown Source)

at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.register(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:212)

... 33 more

2009-5-13 10:32:47 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start

严重: Error filterStart

2009-5-13 10:32:47 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start

严重: Context [/StudyJ2EE] startup failed due to previous errors

2009-5-13 10:32:48 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol start

信息: Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080

2009-5-13 10:32:48 org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket init

信息: JK: ajp13 listening on /0.0.0.0:8009

2009-5-13 10:32:48 org.apache.jk.server.JkMain start

信息: Jk running ID=0 time=0/72 config=null

2009-5-13 10:32:48 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start

信息: Server startup in 6899 ms

解决方法：

由于类库中缺少：commons-fileupload-1.2.1.jar

加上，一切将变得正常