51单片机驱动Nokia5110液晶

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51单片机学习

5110LCD与1602LCD比起来，采用串行传输数据，节省IO，自带DDRAM，一般连背光算上只占用单片机6个IO：

sbit CLK = P2^4;     //串行时钟   //上升沿写入数据
sbit DIN = P2^3;     //串行数据输入  //先高后低
sbit DC = P2^2;     //数据指令控制端 //高电平数据，低电平指令
sbit CS = P2^1;     //片选使能   //低电平有效
sbit RST = P2^0;     //LCD复位端  //低电平复位
sbit LED = P2^5; //背光灯控制端      //高电平打开LED

而且用户还可以通过编码设置偏置电压和温度系数，由于自带RAM，与点阵屏相比，不需要对屏幕循环送显示数据，只需要改变对应RAM中的数据之后，即使不做任何操作，显示状态也可以维持到下次收到新数据或者断电。

下面写驱动文件：

lcd.h

#ifndef LCD_H
#define LCD_H

#include <reg51.h>

#define writeCmd(cmd)	writeByte(cmd, 0)	//写入指令
#define writeDat(dat)	writeByte(dat, 1)	//写入数据

#define showBlank()		writeCmd(0x08)		//显示空白
#define showNormal()	writeCmd(0x0c)		//正常显示
#define showBlack()		writeCmd(0x09)		//显示全黑
#define showReverse() 	writeCmd(0x0d)		//反色显示

sbit CLK = P2^4;     //串行时钟			//上升沿写入数据
sbit DIN = P2^3;     //串行数据输入		//先高后低
sbit DC  = P2^2;     //数据指令控制端	//高电平数据，低电平指令
sbit CS  = P2^1;     //片选使能			//低电平有效
sbit RST = P2^0;     //LCD复位端		//低电平复位
sbit LED = P2^5;	//背光灯控制端      //高电平打开LED

extern void writeByte(unsigned char wByte, unsigned char datOrCmd);
extern void clear();//清屏
extern void moveTo(unsigned char x, unsigned char y);
extern void writeChar(unsigned char x, unsigned char y, unsigned char c);
extern void writeString(unsigned char x, unsigned char y, unsigned char *str);
extern void LCDInit(void);

#endif

lcd.c

#include "lcd.h"
#include "font.h"

/*--------------------------------------------------------------*/
//写入一个字节(数据或指令)
//wByte:	待写入的数据
//datOrCmd:	1-数据, 0-指令
void writeByte(unsigned char wByte, unsigned char datOrCmd)
{
    unsigned char i;
    CS = 0;			//使能
    DC = datOrCmd;	//1-数据	//0-指令
    for(i = 8; i; i--)	//8位数据, 先高后低
    {
        if(wByte & 0x80) {
            DIN = 1;
        }
        else			 {
            DIN = 0;
        }
        CLK = 0;
        wByte <<= 1;	//移位(延时)
        CLK = 1;	//上升沿写入
    }
    CS = 1;			//禁止
}

void clear()//清屏
{
	unsigned int i;
    writeCmd(0x80);
    writeCmd(0x40);
    for(i = 504; i; i--){
		writeDat(0x00);//将所有RAM写0
	}
}

//x: 0 - 83
//y: 0 - 5
void moveTo(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)//设置写数据位置
{
    writeCmd(x|0x80);
    writeCmd(y|0x40);
}

//x:0~9
//y:0~2
void writeChar(unsigned char x, unsigned char y, unsigned char c) //写一个字符
{
    unsigned char i, j;
    c -= 32;
    x <<= 3;		
    y <<= 1;		
    for(j = 0; j < 2; j++)
    {
        moveTo(x, (y + j));
        for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
            writeDat(font[c][8 * j + i]);
    }
}

//x:0~9
//y:0~2
void writeString(unsigned char x, unsigned char y, unsigned char *str)//写一个字符串
{
    while(*str && x < 10)
    {
        writeChar(x++, y, *str);
        str++;
    }
}

void LCDInit(void)
{
    RST = 0; 
	RST = 1;//硬件复位

    writeCmd(0x21);		//工作模式, 水平寻址, 扩展指令
	writeCmd(0x07);		//VLCD温度系数,设置0x04~0x07,越小越黑
    writeCmd(0x13);		//设置偏置系统(BSx) 1:48,设置为0x10~0x17	
	writeCmd(128+65);      //设置电压VLCD = 3.06 + 0.06*Vop, 对比度调整,设置为0x80~0xff;128+(0~127)

    writeCmd(0x20);		//工作模式, 水平寻址, 常规指令
    writeCmd(0x0c);		//普通模式
    writeCmd(0x80);	 	//起始页地址0
    writeCmd(0x40);		//起始列地址0
    clear();				//清全屏
}

还要一个存放字库的头文件font.h：

#ifndef FONT_H
#define FONT_H

/*--------------------------------------------------------------*/
//	  字体:	Fixedsys
//取码规则:	低位在前, 列行扫描, 阴码(1-亮, 0-灭)
//查表方法: 要显示的ASCII码-32就可以得到字库码的指针
unsigned char code font[][16] = {
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},// 0
{0x00,0x00,0x70,0xF8,0xF8,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0D,0x0D,0x00,0x00,0x00},//!1
{0x00,0x38,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x38,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},//"2
{0x00,0x20,0xF8,0xF8,0x20,0xF8,0xF8,0x20,0x00,0x02,0x0F,0x0F,0x02,0x0F,0x0F,0x02},//#3
{0x00,0x30,0x78,0xCE,0x8E,0x18,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x0C,0x38,0x39,0x0F,0x06,0x00},//$4
{0x18,0x3C,0x24,0xBC,0xD8,0x60,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x06,0x03,0x0D,0x1E,0x12,0x1E,0x0C},//%5
{0x00,0xB0,0xF8,0x48,0x78,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x09,0x07,0x0F,0x09},//&6
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x38,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},//'7
{0x00,0x00,0xC0,0xF0,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x1F,0x38,0x20,0x00,0x00},//(8
{0x00,0x00,0x08,0x38,0xF0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x38,0x1F,0x07,0x00,0x00},//)9
{0x00,0x80,0xA0,0xE0,0xC0,0xE0,0xA0,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x03,0x01,0x03,0x02,0x00},//*10
{0x00,0x80,0x80,0xE0,0xE0,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00},//+11
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x2C,0x3C,0x1C,0x00,0x00},//,12
{0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},//-13
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0C,0x0C,0x0C,0x00,0x00},//.14
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xE0,0x78,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x1E,0x07,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00},///15
{0x00,0x00,0xF0,0xF8,0x08,0x68,0xF8,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x0F,0x0B,0x08,0x0F,0x07},//016
{0x00,0x20,0x20,0x30,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00},//117
{0x00,0x30,0x38,0x08,0x88,0xF8,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x0C,0x0E,0x0B,0x09,0x08,0x08,0x00},//218
{0x00,0x30,0x38,0x88,0x88,0xF8,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x06,0x0E,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00},//319
{0x00,0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x03,0x02,0x02,0x0F,0x0F,0x02},//420
{0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x0C,0x07,0x03,0x00},//521
{0x00,0xC0,0xE0,0x78,0x58,0xC8,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00},//622
{0x00,0x08,0x08,0x88,0xE8,0x78,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x0F,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00},//723
{0x00,0x70,0xF8,0xC8,0x88,0xF8,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x09,0x0F,0x07,0x00},//824
{0x00,0xF0,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x09,0x0D,0x0F,0x03,0x01,0x00},//925
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0C,0x0C,0x0C,0x00,0x00},//:26
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x2C,0x3C,0x1C,0x00,0x00},//;27
{0x00,0x80,0xC0,0x60,0x30,0x18,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x03,0x06,0x0C,0x08,0x00},//<28
{0x00,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00},//=29
{0x00,0x08,0x18,0x30,0x60,0xC0,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0C,0x06,0x03,0x01,0x00,0x00},//>30
{0x00,0x30,0x38,0x88,0xC8,0x78,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0D,0x0D,0x00,0x00,0x00},//?31
{0xF0,0xF8,0x08,0x88,0xC8,0x48,0xF8,0xF0,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x09,0x0B,0x0A,0x0B,0x0B},//@32
{0x00,0xE0,0xF0,0x18,0x18,0xF0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x01,0x01,0x0F,0x0F,0x00},//A33
{0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xF8,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00},//B34
{0x00,0xF0,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x0E,0x06,0x00},//C35
{0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x08,0x18,0xF0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x0C,0x07,0x03,0x00},//D36
{0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x00},//E37
{0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},//F38
{0x00,0xF0,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x09,0x0F,0x0F,0x00},//G39
{0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x80,0x80,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00},//H40
{0x00,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x00,0x00},//I41
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x06,0x0E,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00},//J42
{0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x80,0xE0,0x78,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x03,0x0F,0x0C,0x00},//K43
{0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x00},//L44
{0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x20,0xC0,0x20,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x0F,0x0F},//M45
{0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x60,0xC0,0x80,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x0F,0x0F},//N46
{0x00,0xF0,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00},//O47
{0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xF8,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},//P48
{0x00,0xF0,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x18,0x3F,0x27,0x00},//Q49
{0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xF8,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x01,0x0F,0x0E,0x00},//R50
{0x00,0x30,0x78,0xC8,0x88,0x18,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x0C,0x08,0x09,0x0F,0x06,0x00},//S51
{0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00},//T52
{0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00},//U53
{0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x07,0x0C,0x0C,0x07,0x03,0x00},//V54
{0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0xC0,0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0x01,0x0F,0x0E,0x01,0x0E,0x0F,0x01},//W55
{0x00,0x18,0x38,0xE0,0xC0,0x38,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x0F,0x00,0x01,0x0F,0x0E,0x00},//X56
{0x00,0x78,0xF8,0x80,0x80,0xF8,0x78,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00},//Y57
{0x00,0x08,0x08,0x88,0xC8,0x78,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x0F,0x09,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x00},//Z58
{0x00,0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x7F,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x00},//[59
{0x00,0x18,0x78,0xE0,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x07,0x1E,0x18,0x00},//\60
{0x00,0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x7F,0x7F,0x00,0x00},//]61
{0x00,0x08,0x0C,0x06,0x06,0x0C,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},//^62
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40},//_63
{0x00,0x00,0x02,0x06,0x0E,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},//`64
{0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x20,0xE0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x06,0x0F,0x09,0x09,0x0F,0x0F,0x00},//a65
{0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x20,0x20,0xE0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00},//b66
{0x00,0xC0,0xE0,0x20,0x20,0x60,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x0C,0x04,0x00},//c67
{0x00,0xC0,0xE0,0x20,0x20,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x00},//d68
{0x00,0xC0,0xE0,0x20,0x20,0xE0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x0F,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x01,0x00},//e69
{0x00,0x80,0xF0,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},//f70
{0x00,0xC0,0xE0,0x20,0x20,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x47,0x4F,0x48,0x48,0x7F,0x3F,0x00},//g71
{0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x20,0x20,0xE0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00},//h72
{0x00,0x20,0x20,0xEC,0xEC,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x00},//i73
{0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0xEC,0xEC,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x7F,0x3F,0x00,0x00},//j74
{0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0xE0,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x01,0x03,0x0E,0x0C,0x00},//k75
{0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x00},//l76
{0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x20,0xE0,0x20,0xE0,0xC0,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x07,0x00,0x0F,0x0F},//m77
{0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x20,0x20,0xE0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00},//n78
{0x00,0xC0,0xE0,0x20,0x20,0xE0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00},//o79
{0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x20,0x20,0xE0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x7F,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x07,0x00},//p80
{0x00,0xC0,0xE0,0x20,0x20,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x7F,0x7F,0x00},//q81
{0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x80,0x40,0x60,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},//r82
{0x00,0xC0,0xE0,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x0F,0x06,0x00},//s83
{0x00,0x20,0xF8,0xF8,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x00},//t84
{0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x0F,0x08,0x08,0x0F,0x0F,0x00},//u85
{0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x07,0x0C,0x0C,0x07,0x03,0x00},//v86
{0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,0xC0,0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,0x03,0x0F,0x0C,0x03,0x0C,0x0F,0x03},//w87
{0x00,0x60,0xE0,0x80,0x80,0xE0,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x0C,0x0E,0x03,0x03,0x0E,0x0C,0x00},//x88
{0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0xE0,0x00,0x40,0x47,0x4F,0x68,0x38,0x1F,0x07,0x00},//y89
{0x00,0x20,0x20,0x20,0xA0,0xE0,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x0C,0x0E,0x0B,0x09,0x08,0x08,0x00},//z90
{0x00,0x00,0x80,0xF0,0x78,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x03,0x1E,0x3C,0x20,0x00,0x00},//{91
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00},//|92
{0x00,0x00,0x08,0x78,0xF0,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3C,0x1E,0x03,0x01,0x00},//}93
{0x30,0x18,0x08,0x18,0x30,0x20,0x30,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00}};//~94


#endif

这样项目引用了lcd.h便可以方便的调用函数显示3行10列英文数字字符了：

main.c

#include "lcd.h"

void main(){
	LCDInit();
	writeString(0,0,"HelloWorld");
	writeString(1,0,"Nokia 5110");
	writeString(2,0,"Now Worked");
	while(1);
}