spring 环境下 的单元测试 spring3+junit4.8 各种测试方法写法

环境  spring 3 + junit4.8

 第一种方法 老版本里常用 AbstractTransactionalDataSourceSpringContextTests

 

首先引入 junit4.8jar包 ,一般eclipse自带的library里是有的,可以直接引入

spring方面要引入 org.springframework.test-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar包

 

创建一个basetestcase类

继承AbstractTransactionalDataSourceSpringContextTests

 

public abstract class BaseTestCase extends AbstractTransactionalDataSourceSpringContextTests{
 protected static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(BaseTestCase.class);

    /**
     * spring配置文件的路径前缀
     */
    protected static final String CONFIG_PREFIX = "classpath:conf/spring";

    /**
     * 定义默认的Spring Context的主文件路径.
     */
    protected static final String DEFAULT_MAIN_CONTEXT = "classpath:conf/spring/applicationContext.xml";
   
    protected static final String LEADIN_CONTEXT = "classpath:conf/spring/leadinServiceContext.xml";

    /**
     * 定义除主文件外所有的Spring Context文件集合的路径.
     */
    protected static final String All_CONTEXT = "classpath:conf/spring/*.xml";

/**
     * @see AbstractTransactionalDataSourceSpringContextTests#getConfigLocations()
     */
    @Override
    protected String[] getConfigLocations() {
        // 设置AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME ,因为Spring的测试基类默认为BY_TYPE,在有多个相同类型的Bean时冲突.
        // 或者取消setter函数，自行用applicationContext.getBean()来显式查找Bean.
        setAutowireMode(AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME);

        // 默认载入所有的spring配置的bean,在子类可重载此函数以减少载入的applicaitonContext.xml,加快测试速度.
        List<String> contexts = new ArrayList<String>();
        contexts.add(DEFAULT_MAIN_CONTEXT);
        contexts.add(LEADIN_CONTEXT);
        contexts.add("classpath:conf/spring/baseCommonDaoContext.xml");
        contexts.add("classpath:conf/spring/baseCommonServiceContext.xml");
        contexts.add("classpath:conf/spring/baseContext.xml");
        contexts.add("classpath:conf/spring/baseFrameContext.xml");
        contexts.add("classpath*:mq-server-bootstrap-config.xml");       
       
        List<String> neededContexts = Arrays.asList(getNeededConfigLocations());
        contexts.addAll(neededContexts);
        return contexts.toArray(new String[] {});
    }

/**
     * 子类只需重写此方法
     */
    protected abstract String[] getNeededConfigLocations();

    protected Object getBean(String name) {
        return applicationContext.getBean(name);
    }

}

 

测试类KgEnrollDaoTest

public class KgEnrollDaoTest extends BaseTestCase {
 @Autowired
 private KgEnrollTimeDao kgEnrollTimeDao;
 
 @Override
 protected String[] getNeededConfigLocations() {
        return new String[] { "classpath:/conf/spring/KgEnrollDaoContext.xml" };
    }
 
 
 public void testsave(){
  String unitId = "1111";
  String enrollyear = "1111";
  
  int i = kgEnrollTimeDao.checkExists(unitId, enrollyear);
  System.out.println(i);
 }
 
 
}

以上方法可以用来测试service和dao

 getNeededConfigLocations 用来引入需要测试的xml配置文件

 

 

但是spring3.0里不建议使用这个方法了 AbstractTransactionalDataSourceSpringContextTests

 

那么用什么来替代呢

可以用AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests来代替

 

package net.zdsoft.test;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
/**
 * 定义默认的Spring Context的主文件路径.以及你需要测试的配置文件
 */
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:conf/spring/applicationContext.xml","classpath:/conf/spring/testContext.xml"})
public class MyTestCase extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests{
	
  @Test
 
  public void testGetTeacher(){
  
      System.out.println("1");
  
      TestDao testDao= (TestDao)this.applicationContext.getBean("testDao");
 
      System.out.println(testDao.getNormalEmployee("B6EE1FEBB344E730E040817B11FE7186",null).size());
 
  }
		
}

如果不使用 applicationContext.getBean,可以使用@Autowired注解注入

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
/**
 * 定义默认的Spring Context的主文件路径.以及你需要测试的配置文件
 */
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:conf/spring/applicationContext.xml","classpath:/conf/spring/testContext.xml"})
public class MyTestCase extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests{
   @Autowired
  private TestDao testDao;
	
  @Test 
  public void testGetTeacher(){   
      System.out.println(testDao.getNormalEmployee("B6EE1FEBB344E730E040817B11FE7186",null).size()); 
  }
		
}

 与AbstractTransactionalDataSourceSpringContextTests所写的方法的区别在于 最上面这种方式通过抽象类实现了主配置文件applicationcontext.xml以及一些系统必须的配置文件的加载,并提供了一个抽象方法供子类加入自己想要测试的bean所在的配置文件,只要写一个公共的抽象类 子类集成即可

AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests的方式降低了通用性

 

为了提供类似的通用性 我写了一个方法,但不确认完全正确 经供参考

同样写了一个类似方法1的抽象类

 

package net.zdsoft.test;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
/**
 * 定义默认的Spring Context的主文件路径.
 */
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:conf/spring/applicationContext.xml"})
//@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:conf/spring/applicationContext.xml","classpath:/conf/spring/personnelContext.xml"})
public abstract class BaseCase extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests{
	
	
	@Before
	public void init(){
		//初始化spring
		List<String> locations = new ArrayList<String>();
		locations.add("classpath:conf/spring/applicationContext.xml");
		//加载子类的配置文件
		locations.addAll(Arrays.asList(getExLoactions()));
		ApplicationContext context = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(locations.toArray(new String[0]));
		super.setApplicationContext(context);
		super.setDataSource((DataSource)context.getBean("dataSource"));
	}
	
	/**
	 * 提供子类覆盖
	 * 设置子类要加载的配置文件
	 * @return
	 */
	public abstract String[] getExLoactions();
}

 

通过@Before注解 再次加载applicationcontext (记得要把主要配置文件和一些系统必须的再次加入)

把子类覆盖的配置文件也加载进来

然后重置测试类中的applicationcontext的值

 

package net.zdsoft.test;

import org.junit.Test;

import net.zdsoft.eis.personnel.info.dao.EmployeeDao;


public class TestDao extends BaseCase{
	
	@Override
	public String[] getExLoactions() {
		return new String[]{"classpath:/conf/spring/testContext.xml"};
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testGetTeacher(){
		System.out.println("1");
		TestDao testDao = (TestDao)this.applicationContext.getBean("testDao");
		System.out.println(testDao.getNormalEmployee("B6EE1FEBB344E730E040817B11FE7186",null).size());
	}

}

 

这种方式只是为了方便其他人调用这个公共类测试,其效率由于第一次加载后会再次加载所以会比较低,而且不知道会不会引起其他错误,欢迎大牛指正