转载：软件工程术语英语表达

    这里记录一下，常用的建模工具都是英文版的，这样方便校对。

 

    文档：Documents
软件工具：Software Tools
工具箱：Tool Box
集成工具：Integrated Tool
软件工程环境：Software Engineering Environment
传统：Conventional
经典：Classical
解空间：Solution Domain
问题空间：Problem Domain
清晰第一，效率第二Clarity the first,Efficiency the next.
设计先于编码Design before coding
使程序的结构适合于问题的结构Make the program fit the problem
开发伴随复用，开发为了复用 Development with reuse,Development for reuse.
靠度量来管理：Management by Measurement
软件度量学：Software Metrics
软件经济学:Software Economics
软件计划WHY软件分析WHAT软件实现HOW
软件生存周期过程的开发标准 Standard for Developing Software Life Cycle Process
软件开发模型：Software Development Model
编码员：Coder
瀑布模型：Waterfall Model
快速原型模型：Rapid Prototype Model
增量模型:Incremental Model
线性思维:Linear Thinking
演化模型：Evolutionary Model
螺旋模型：Spiral Model
对象：Object
类：Class
继承：Inheritance
聚集:Aggregation
消息：Message
面向对象＝对象Object+分类Classification+继承Inheritance+消息通信Communication with Messages
构件集成模型：Component Integration Model
转换模型：Transformational Model
净室软件工程：Cleanroom Software Engineering
净室模型:Cleanroom Model
软件需求规格说明书：Software Requirement Specification ,SRS
分析模型：Analysis Model
便利的应用规约技术：Facilitated Application Specification Techniques ,FAST
结构化语言：Structured Language
判定树：Decision Tree
基数：Cardinality
事件轨迹：Event Trace
对象－关系Object-RelationShip
结构化分析：SA（Structured Analysis）
由顶向下，逐步细化 Top-Down Stepwise Refinement
面向对象分析：Object-Oriented Analysis
包含：Contains
临近：Is Next To
传到:Transmits to
来自:Acquires from
管理:Manages
控制:Controls
组成：Is Composed of
细化：Refinement
抽象：Abstraction
模块：Module
策略：Strategy
信息隐藏:Information Hiding
数据封装：Data Encapsulation
抽象数据类型：Abstract Datatype
模块化设计：Modular Design
分解：Decomposition
模块性：Modularity
单模块软件：Monolithic Software
模块独立性：Module Independence
内聚：Cohesion
偶然性内聚：Coincidental Cohesion
逻辑性内聚：Logical Cohesion
时间性内聚：Temporal Cohesion
过程性内聚: Procedural Cohesion
通信性内聚: Communicational Cohesion
顺序性内聚：Sequential Cohesion
功能性内聚：Functional Cohesion
非直接偶合：No Direct Coupling
数据偶合：Data Coupling
特征偶合：Stamp Coupling
控制偶合：Control Coupling
外部偶合：External Coupling
公共偶合：Common Coupling
内容偶合: Content Coupling
由底向上设计：Bottom-Up Design
自顶向下设计：Top-Down Design
正式复审：Formal Review
非正式复审：Informal Review
走查，排练：Walk-Through
会审：Inspection
设计先于编码：Design before coding
程序结构必须适应问题结构 Make the program fit the problem
映射：Mapping
传入路径：Afferent path
传出路径：Efferent path
变换中心：Transform Center
接受路径：Reception path
动作路径：Action path
事务中心：Transaction Center
分支分解：Factoring of Brandches
瓮形：oval-shaped
一个模块的控制域：Scope of Control
一个模块的作用域：Scope of Effect
结构化程序设计：Structured Programming
通心面程序：Bowl of Spaghetti
流程图：Flow Diagram
编码：Coding
方框图：Block Diagram
PDL (Pidgin):Program Design Language
伪代码：Pseudo Code
JSD:Jackson System Development
对象建模技术：Object Modeling Technique
基础设施：Infrastructure
控制线程：Thread of Control
保护者对象：Guardian Object
协议：protocol
UML:Unified Modeling Language
OMG:Object Management Group
统一方法：Unified Method
关联:Association
泛化：Generalization
依赖：Dependency
聚集：Aggregation
结点：Node
接口：Interface
包：Package
注释： Note
特化：Specialization
元元模型：Meta-Meta Model
用户模型：User Model
静态图：Static Diagram
动态图：Dynamic Diagram
用例视图：Use Case View
逻辑视图：Logical View
并发视图：Concurrent View
构件视图：Component View
实现模型视图：Implementation Model View
部署视图：Deployment View
关联：Association
航向：Navigability
重数：Multiplicity
聚集：Aggregation
共享聚集：Shared Aggregation
组合：Composition
泛化：Generalization
简单消息：Simple Message
同步消息：Synchronous Message
异步消息：Asynchronous Message
事件说明：Event_Signature
守卫条件：Guard_Condition
动作表达式:Action_Expression
发送子句：Send_Clause
时序图：Sequence Diagram
协作图：Collaboration Diagram
前缀：Predecessor
循环子句：Iteration-Clause
活动图：Activity Diagram
构件图：Component Diagram
配置图：Deployment Diagram
建模过程指导(RUP)：Rational Unified Process
可执行代码：Executalbe Codes
实现：Implementation
编码风格：Coding Style
标准：Classical
控制流的直线性：Linearity of Control Flow
程序风格设计要素：
先求正确后求快 Make it right before you make it faster.
先求清楚后求快 Make it clear before you make it faster.
求快不忘保持程序正确 Keep it right when you make it faster.
保持程序简单以求快 Keep it simple to make it faster.
书写清楚，不要为“效率”牺牲清楚 Write clearly-don't sacrifice clarity for "efficiency"
文档化：Code Documentation
内部文档编制：Internal Documentation
序言：Prologue
用户友善：User Friendly
纠错：Debugging
测试用例：Test Case
穷举测试：Exhaustive Testing
选择测试：Selective Testing
静态分析：Static Analysis
黑盒测试：Black Box Testing
白盒测试：White Box Testing
等价分类：Equivalence Partioning
边界值分析法：Boundary Value Analysis
所谓猜错：Error Guessing
因果图:Cause-Effect Graph
逻辑覆盖测试法：Logic Coverage Testing
试凑：Trial and Error
回溯：Back Tracking
病因排除法：Cause Elimination
测试纠错：Debugging by Testing
蛮力纠错技术：Debugging by Brute Force
回归测试：Regression Testing
单元测试：Unit Testing
综合测试：Integration Testing
确认测试: Validation Testing
系统测试：System Testing
模块测试：Module Testing
高级测试：Higher order Testing
不可达的：Unreachable
办公桌检查：Desk Check
走查：Walk-Through
代码会审：Code Inspection
测试驱动模块：Test Driver
测试桩模块：Test Stub
群：Cluster
混合方式测试：Sandwich Testing
渐增式测试：Incremental Testing
非渐增式：Non-Incremental
配置复审：Configuration Review
测试终止标准：Test Completion Criteria
基于线程的测试：Thread-Based Testing
基于使用：Use-Based
基于构件的软件开发：Component Based Software Development ,CBSD
领域工程：Domain Engineering
需求规约：Requirements Specification
变体：Variant
组件对象模型，COM：Componet Object Model
对象链接与嵌入：Object Linking and Embedding
公共对象请求代理体系结构，CORBA：Common Object Request Broker Architecture
枚举分类：Enumerater Classification
呈面分类：Faceted Classification
属性-值分类：Attribute-Value Classification
应用系统工程，ASE：Application System Engineering
完善性维护：Perfective Maintenance
适应性维护：Adaptive Maintenance
纠错性维护：Corrective Maintenance
预防性维护：Preventive Maintenance
结构化的翻新：Structured Retrofit
可维护性：Maintainability
可理解性：Understandability
可修改性：Modifiability
可测试性:Testability
调用图：Call Graph
交差引用表：Cross-Reference Directory
数据封装技术：Data Encapsulation
维护申请单MRF：Maintenance Request Form
软件问题报告单SPR：Software Problem Report
软件修改报告单SCR: Software Change Report
修改控制组CCB：Change Control Board
软件配置：Software Configuration
版本控制库：Version Control Library
活动比：Activity Ratio
工作量调节因子EAF：Effort Adjustment Factor
软件再工程：Software Reengineering
逆向工程：Reverse Engineering
重构：Restructure
演化性：Evolvability
问题定义：Problem Definition
系统目标与范围的说明：Statement of Scope and Objectives
可行性研究：Feasibility Study
系统流程图：System Flowchart
成本－效益分析：Cost-Benifit Analysis
风险识别：Risk Identification
风险预测：Risk Projection
风险估计：Risk Estimation
风险评价：Risk Assessment
估算模型：Estimation Model
资源模型：Resource Model
构造性成本模型：Constructive cost Model
组织：Organic
半独立：Semidetached
嵌入：Embeded
算法模型：Algorithmic Model
分类活动结构图WBS：Work Breakdown Structure
人员－时间权衡定律 People-Time Trade-Off Law
无我小组：Egoless Team
主程序员小组： Chief-Programmer Team
PERT:Program Evaluation and Review Technique
关键路径：Critical Path
知识产权：Intellectual Property
靠质量来管理：Management by Measurement
质量保证：Quality Assurance
质量认证: Quality Certification
质量检验：Quality Inspection
全面质量管理TQC：Total Quality Control
质量体系：Quality System
计划-实施-检查-措施

Plan-Do-Check-Action
合格论证：Conformity Certification
可靠性：Reliability
效率：Efficiency
运行工程:Human Engineering
正确性：Correctness
使用性：Usability
完整性：Integrity
可理解性：Understandability
可测试性：Testability
可修改性：Modifiability
可移植性：Portability
可维护性：Maintainability
可适应性：Flexibility
可重用性：Reusability
交互操作性：Interoperability
验证与确认：Verification and Validation ,V&V
基线：Baselines
平均故障时间：Mean Time To Failure ,MTTF
错误传入:Error Seeding
冗余：Redundancy
容错:Fault Tolerance
公理化归纳断言法：Axio-Matic Inductive Assertion
循环不变式：Loop Invariant
能力成熟度模型：Capability Maturity Model
关键过程域：Key Process Area ,KPA
关键实践：Key Practice
初始级：Initial
可重复级:Repeatable
已定义级:Defined
已管理级:Managed
优化级:Optimizing
主任评估师：Lead Assessor
极值程序设计:Extreme Programming
自适应软件开发:Adaptive Software Development
轻载:Light weight
重载:Heavy Weight
返工：Rework
进度:Schedule
时间:Duration
成本:Cost
代码行LOC:Lines of Code
面向功能：Function-Oriented
面向规模: Size-Oriented
功能点：Function Points
权系数:Weighting Coefficient
用户输入：User Input
用户输出: User Output
用户查询: User Inquirty
主文件处理:Master File
外部界面:External Interface
TCF:Technical Complexity Factor 技术复杂性因子
测度:Measurement
最终用户:End-User;
计算机辅助软件工程CASE:Computer Aided Software Engineering
拉出：pull-out
下拉: pull-down
一致性:Unification
自动化：Automation
过程模型：Process Model
软件开发环境SDE：Software Development Environment
软件设计支持环境PSE：Programming Support Environment
集成化项目支持IPSE：Integrated Project Support Environment
集成化框架：Integration Framework
质量从头抓起：Quality from Beginning
缺陷：Defect
变更请求：Change Request
功能扩充：Enhancement Request