【设计模式】分公司是一个部门？ ---- 组合模式

一，概述

概念：将对象组合成树形结构以表示“部分整体”的层次结构。组合模式使得用户对单个对象和使用具有一致性。

Client：客户端

Component：组合模式中对象接口声明，在适当情况下，实现所有类共有接口的默认行为。声明一个接口用于访问和管理其子部件。

SubMenu：表示节点对象，但是没有子节点。

Composite：定义有枝节点的行为，用来存储子部件，实现Component接口中与子部件有关的操作，比如增加和删除。

二，基本代码（C#）

由于C++中STL --- list 对于抽象对象的识别和支持跟C##不同，没有写成C++的形式。

不能由基类声明的抽象方法，调用子类的具体实现！！！

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace 组合模式
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Composite root = new Composite("root");
            root.Add(new Leaf("Leaf A"));
            root.Add(new Leaf("Leaf B"));

            Composite comp = new Composite("Composite X");
            comp.Add(new Leaf("Leaf XA"));
            comp.Add(new Leaf("Leaf XB"));

            root.Add(comp);

            Composite comp2 = new Composite("Composite XY");
            comp2.Add(new Leaf("Leaf XYA"));
            comp2.Add(new Leaf("Leaf XYB"));

            comp.Add(comp2);

            root.Add(new Leaf("Leaf C"));

            Leaf leaf = new Leaf("Leaf D");
            root.Add(leaf);
            root.Remove(leaf);

            root.Display(1);

            Console.Read();
        }
    }

    abstract class Component
    {
        protected string name;

        public Component(string name)
        {
            this.name = name;
        }

        public abstract void Add(Component c);
        public abstract void Remove(Component c);
        public abstract void Display(int depth);
    }

    class Composite : Component
    {
        private List<Component> children = new List<Component>();

        public Composite(string name)
            : base(name)
        { }

        public override void Add(Component c)
        {
            children.Add(c);
        }

        public override void Remove(Component c)
        {
            children.Remove(c);
        }

        public override void Display(int depth)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(new String('-', depth) + name);

            foreach (Component component in children)
            {
                component.Display(depth + 2);
            }
        }
    }

    class Leaf : Component
    {
        public Leaf(string name)
            : base(name)
        { }

        public override void Add(Component c)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Cannot add to a leaf");
        }

        public override void Remove(Component c)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Cannot remove from a leaf");
        }

        public override void Display(int depth)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(new String('-', depth) + name);
        }
    }
}

三，公司管理系统 采用组合模式

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace 组合模式
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ConcreteCompany root = new ConcreteCompany("北京总公司");
            root.Add(new HRDepartment("总公司人力资源部"));
            root.Add(new FinanceDepartment("总公司财务部"));

            ConcreteCompany comp = new ConcreteCompany("上海华东分公司");
            comp.Add(new HRDepartment("华东分公司人力资源部"));
            comp.Add(new FinanceDepartment("华东分公司财务部"));
            root.Add(comp);

            ConcreteCompany comp1 = new ConcreteCompany("南京办事处");
            comp1.Add(new HRDepartment("南京办事处人力资源部"));
            comp1.Add(new FinanceDepartment("南京办事处财务部"));
            comp.Add(comp1);

            ConcreteCompany comp2 = new ConcreteCompany("杭州办事处");
            comp2.Add(new HRDepartment("杭州办事处人力资源部"));
            comp2.Add(new FinanceDepartment("杭州办事处财务部"));
            comp.Add(comp2);


            Console.WriteLine("\n结构图：");

            root.Display(1);

            Console.WriteLine("\n职责：");

            root.LineOfDuty();


            Console.Read();
        }
    }

    abstract class Company
    {
        protected string name;

        public Company(string name)
        {
            this.name = name;
        }

        public abstract void Add(Company c);//增加
        public abstract void Remove(Company c);//移除
        public abstract void Display(int depth);//显示
        public abstract void LineOfDuty();//履行职责

    }

    class ConcreteCompany : Company
    {
        private List<Company> children = new List<Company>();

        public ConcreteCompany(string name)
            : base(name)
        { }

        public override void Add(Company c)
        {
            children.Add(c);
        }

        public override void Remove(Company c)
        {
            children.Remove(c);
        }

        public override void Display(int depth)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(new String('-', depth) + name);

            foreach (Company component in children)
            {
                component.Display(depth + 2);
            }
        }

        //履行职责
        public override void LineOfDuty()
        {
            foreach (Company component in children)
            {
                component.LineOfDuty();
            }
        }

    }

    //人力资源部
    class HRDepartment : Company
    {
        public HRDepartment(string name)
            : base(name)
        { }

        public override void Add(Company c)
        {
        }

        public override void Remove(Company c)
        {
        }

        public override void Display(int depth)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(new String('-', depth) + name);
        }


        public override void LineOfDuty()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0} 员工招聘培训管理", name);
        }
    }

    //财务部
    class FinanceDepartment : Company
    {
        public FinanceDepartment(string name)
            : base(name)
        { }

        public override void Add(Company c)
        {
        }

        public override void Remove(Company c)
        {
        }

        public override void Display(int depth)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(new String('-', depth) + name);
        }

        public override void LineOfDuty()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0} 公司财务收支管理", name);
        }

    }
}