【OPatch】从 Oracle Database 19.3 升级到 Oracle Database 19.6

1. 背景介绍
由于Oracle Database 19c会作为Oracle长期支持的版本，官方也建议大家选择19c这个版本。而最新推出的20c会作为一个全新的发布序列，当前版本是20.1，此版本的生命周期也会比较短，因此可以再观望一下20c的后续版本。我安装了在Oracle官网可以下载到的19.3的版本，完成了升级到19.6版本的操作过程，给此项目工作提供文档支持。

2. 升级过程
可以从MOS获得 Database 19.6 的 patch，名称如下：

Patch 30463595: COMBO OF OJVM RU COMPONENT 19.6.0.0.200114 DB RU 19.6.0.0.200114

安装Patch的时候，建议大家先阅读Patch中的README文档，文档中详细介绍了该patch的安装方法和其他使用方法等内容；由于Patch 30463595是两个补丁的合并，因此要分别安装其中的 30463595 和 30557433。

先检查当前Oracle数据库的补丁安装情况，使用opatch lsinv命令可以看到现在补丁是19.3的版本。

[oracle@sdedu 30463595]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch lsinv
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.17
Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.17
OUI version : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-03-03_11-01-49AM_1.log

Lsinventory Output file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2020-03-03_11-01-49AM.txt

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Machine Information::
Hostname: sdedu.sandata.com.cn
ARU platform id: 226
ARU platform description:: Linux x86-64

Installed Top-level Products (1):

Oracle Database 19c 19.0.0.0.0
There are 1 products installed in this Oracle Home.

Interim patches (2) :

Patch 29585399 : applied on Thu Apr 18 15:21:33 CST 2019
Unique Patch ID: 22840393
Patch description: "OCW RELEASE UPDATE 19.3.0.0.0 (29585399)"
Created on 9 Apr 2019, 19:12:47 hrs PST8PDT
Bugs fixed:
27222128, 27572040, 27604329, 27760043, 27877830, 28302580, 28470673
28621543, 28642469, 28699321, 28710663, 28755846, 28772816, 28785321
28800508, 28808652, 28815557, 28847541, 28847572, 28870496, 28871040
28874416, 28877252, 28881191, 28881848, 28888083, 28911140, 28925250
28925460, 28935956, 28940472, 3, 28942694, 28951332, 28963036, 28968779
28980448, 28995287, 29003207, 29003617, 29016294, 29018680, 29024876
29026154, 29027933, 29047127, 29052850, 29058476, 29111631, 29112455
29117337, 29123444, 29125708, 29125786, 29129476, 29131772, 29132456
29139727, 29146157, 29147849, 29149170, 29152603, 29152752, 29154631
29154636, 29154829, 29159216, 29159661, 29160462, 29161923, 29169540
29169739, 29170717, 29173618, 29181568, 29182920, 29183298, 29186091
29191827, 29201143, 29201695, 29209545, 29210577, 29210610, 29210624
29210683, 29213641, 29219627, 29224294, 29225861, 29229839, 29235934
29242906, 29243749, 29244495, 29244766, 29244968, 29248723, 29249583
29251564, 29255616, 29260224, 29261695, 29271019, 29273360, 29282090
29282666, 29285453, 29285621, 29290235, 29292232, 29293806, 29294753
29299830, 29307090, 29307109, 29311336, 29329675, 29330791, 29339299
29357821, 29360467, 29360775, 29367971, 29368725, 29379299, 29379381
29380527, 29381000, 29382296, 29391301, 29393649, 29402110, 29411931
29413360, 29457319, 29465047

Patch 29517242 : applied on Thu Apr 18 15:21:17 CST 2019
Unique Patch ID: 22862832
Patch description: "Database Release Update : 19.3.0.0.190416 (29517242)"
Created on 17 Apr 2019, 23:27:10 hrs PST8PDT
Bugs fixed:
29515240, 14735102, 19697993, 20313356, 21965541, 25806201, 25883179
25986062, 26476244, 26611353, 26872233, 27369515, 27423500, 27666312
27710072, 27846298, 27957203, 28064977, 28072567, 28129791, 28181021
28210681, 28279456, 28313275, 28350595, 28371123, 28379065, 28431445
28463226, 28489419, 28502773, 28513333, 28534475, 28561704, 28569897
28572533, 28572544, 28587723, 28593682, 28594086, 28597221, 28601957
28605066, 28606598, 28625862, 28627033, 28636532, 28643718, 28644549
28645570, 28646200, 28646939, 28649388, 28655209, 28663782, 28673945
28692275, 28694872, 28696373, 28705231, 28710385, 28710734, 28714461
28718469, 28730079, 28740708, 28760206, 28772390, 28774416, 28777214
28789531, 28791852, 28795551, 28802734, 28804517, 28810381, 28811560
28815123, 28815355, 28819640, 28824482, 28833912, 28835937, 28862532
28863432, 28873575, 28876253, 28876639, 28884931, 28888327, 28892794
28897512, 28899663, 28901126, 28905457, 28907196, 28912691, 28915561
28917080, 28918429, 28919145, 28922227, 28922532, 28922608, 28925634
28925880, 28933158, 28936114, 28937717, 28938698, 28940179, 28940281
28941901, 28942455, 28945421, 28945994, 28951533, 28952168, 28954762
28955606, 28957292, 28957723, 28962775, 28965231, 28966444, 28974083
28977322, 28983095, 28983486, 28986326, 28986481, 28988482, 28989306
28993295, 28994307, 28996376, 29000000, 29001888, 29002927, 29003738
29006318, 29006621, 29007321, 29007775, 29008035, 29011936, 29013475
29014076, 29015118, 29017265, 29018655, 29019121, 29021063, 29021352
29024552, 29026582, 29026606, 29027456, 29027694, 29027940, 29031575
29031600, 29032234, 29032457, 29032607, 29033052, 29033145, 29033200
29033280, 29034587, 29037290, 29038528, 29039089, 29039510, 29043554
29043651, 29043725, 29044763, 29044954, 29047850, 29048289, 29048498
29048605, 29050560, 29050765, 29051702, 29052726, 29053783, 29056024
29056270, 29056560, 29059011, 29061959, 29062692, 29062848, 29062860
29062868, 29110526, 29110783, 29110790, 29110797, 29110802, 29110805
29111598, 29113282, 29113305, 29117526, 29117642, 29119077, 29120223
29122224, 29122254, 29123297, 29123432, 29123482, 29124368, 29125380
29126345, 29127957, 29128935, 29129450, 29129497, 29129712, 29130219
29131539, 29132938, 29134447, 29136111, 29138641, 29141316, 29141341
29141685, 29142667, 29144995, 29145214, 29145730, 29149829, 29150338
29151520, 29152357, 29155099, 29157389, 29158680, 29158899, 29159909
29159936, 29160174, 29162095, 29163415, 29163437, 29163524, 29163567
29167111, 29167342, 29167374, 29167940, 29168219, 29168433, 29169073
29169215, 29171942, 29172618, 29172826, 29173140, 29173373, 29173817
29174004, 29176318, 29177466, 29177543, 29177886, 29178385, 29180313
29180455, 29180559, 29180893, 29181153, 29181231, 29181620, 29181743
29181923, 29182019, 29183912, 29184297, 29184666, 29185193, 29186456
29189302, 29189307, 29189889, 29190235, 29190474, 29190740, 29191541
29192419, 29192468, 29192685, 29193207, 29194205, 29194367, 29194493
29194827, 29195279, 29195337, 29195758, 29196725, 29199635, 29199733
29200316, 29200700, 29201494, 29201539, 29202104, 29202850, 29203122
29203166, 29203425, 29203443, 29203604, 29205281, 29205323, 29205419
29205463, 29205767, 29205918, 29206109, 29206605, 29207073, 29208260
29208732, 29211457, 29211724, 29212012, 29212433, 29212611, 29213351
29213775, 29213850, 29213879, 29214561, 29214960, 29216746, 29216984
29217294, 29217472, 29217828, 29217848, 29218570, 29219205, 29219273
29220079, 29221248, 29221891, 29222031, 29222784, 29223833, 29223859
29223967, 29224065, 29224605, 29225076, 29227602, 29228869, 29229164
29229754, 29229844, 29229955, 29230252, 29230565, 29231133, 29232117
29232154, 29234123, 29237538, 29240307, 29241345, 29242017, 29242884
29243958, 29245137, 29245160, 29246163, 29247415, 29247712, 29247906
29248552, 29248835, 29248858, 29249991, 29250059, 29251259, 29253184
29253871, 29254031, 29254930, 29255178, 29255273, 29255431, 29255435
29256426, 29259119, 29259320, 29261906, 29262512, 29262887, 29265448
29266248, 29266899, 29267292, 29268412, 29269171, 29270585, 29273539
29273735, 29273847, 29274428, 29274564, 29274627, 29275461, 29278218
29279658, 29279751, 29279854, 29282898, 29285503, 29285788, 29285956
29286037, 29287130, 29287705, 29292837, 29293072, 29297863, 29297915
29298220, 29299049, 29299082, 29299844, 29301566, 29302963, 29303918
29304781, 29311588, 29312310, 29312734, 29312753, 29313347, 29313417
29313525, 29314539, 29318410, 29319441, 29321489, 29323946, 29324568
29325087, 29325105, 29325257, 29325993, 29327044, 29329087, 29331209
29331380, 29331493, 29332771, 29333500, 29337310, 29338315, 29338453
29338780, 29338913, 29339155, 29341209, 29343086, 29346943, 29347620
29348176, 29350052, 29351386, 29351716, 29351749, 29352867, 29353271
29355654, 29356547, 29356752, 29358828, 29360672, 29361801, 29363151
29364171, 29364177, 29367019, 29367561, 29368253, 29373418, 29373588
29374179, 29377986, 29378029, 29379978, 29382784, 29385652, 29386502
29386635, 29386660, 29387274, 29388094, 29388524, 29388830, 29389889
29390435, 29394140, 29394749, 29397954, 29398863, 29399100, 29399121
29405012, 29405651, 29412066, 29412269, 29417884, 29423826, 29429264
29429566, 29431485, 29435652, 29438736, 29439522, 29450421, 29451386
29452576, 29452953, 29457807, 29460252, 29462957, 29486181, 29507616
29521748, 29530812, 29531654, 29557336, 29558975, 29601461

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

OPatch succeeded.

然后进入补丁目录30484981；

[oracle@sdedu 30463595]$ cd 30484981/
[oracle@sdedu 30484981]$ ls
etc files README.html README.txt

查看要安装的补丁和现有补丁是否存在冲突；

[oracle@sdedu 30484981]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.17
Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

PREREQ session

Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.17
OUI version : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-03-03_11-00-59AM_1.log

Invoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"

Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.

OPatch succeeded.

使用opatch apply命令开始应用 30484981补丁

[oracle@sdedu 30484981]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch apply
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.17
Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.17
OUI version : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-03-03_11-14-00AM_1.log

Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...
OPatch continues with these patches: 30484981

Do you want to proceed? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
All checks passed.

Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.
(Oracle Home = '/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1')

Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
Backing up files...
Applying interim patch '30484981' to OH '/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1'

Patching component oracle.javavm.server, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.javavm.server.core, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.rdbms.dbscripts, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.rdbms, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patch 30484981 successfully applied.
Log file location: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-03-03_11-14-00AM_1.log

OPatch succeeded.

安装完成后，再次检查补丁的列表，可以看到JVM 19.6的补丁已经安装好：

[oracle@sdedu 30484981]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch lsinv
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.17
Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.17
OUI version : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-03-03_11-48-05AM_1.log

Lsinventory Output file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2020-03-03_11-48-05AM.txt

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Machine Information::
Hostname: sdedu.sandata.com.cn
ARU platform id: 226
ARU platform description:: Linux x86-64

Installed Top-level Products (1):

Oracle Database 19c 19.0.0.0.0
There are 1 products installed in this Oracle Home.

Interim patches (3) :

Patch 30484981 : applied on Tue Mar 03 11:14:31 CST 2020
Unique Patch ID: 23248235
Patch description: "OJVM RELEASE UPDATE: 19.6.0.0.200114 (30484981)"
Created on 5 Dec 2019, 05:10:10 hrs PST8PDT
Bugs fixed:
29540327, 29254623, 29445548, 29774362, 30134746, 30160625, 29942275
30534662, 29512125
Patch 29585399 : applied on Thu Apr 18 15:21:33 CST 2019
Unique Patch ID: 22840393
Patch description: "OCW RELEASE UPDATE 19.3.0.0.0 (29585399)"
Created on 9 Apr 2019, 19:12:47 hrs PST8PDT
Bugs fixed:
27222128, 27572040, 27604329, 27760043, 27877830, 28302580, 28470673
28621543, 28642469, 28699321, 28710663, 28755846, 28772816, 28785321
28800508, 28808652, 28815557, 28847541, 28847572, 28870496, 28871040
28874416, 28877252, 28881191, 28881848, 28888083, 28911140, 28925250
28925460, 28935956, 28940472, 3, 28942694, 28951332, 28963036, 28968779
28980448, 28995287, 29003207, 29003617, 29016294, 29018680, 29024876
29026154, 29027933, 29047127, 29052850, 29058476, 29111631, 29112455
29117337, 29123444, 29125708, 29125786, 29129476, 29131772, 29132456
29139727, 29146157, 29147849, 29149170, 29152603, 29152752, 29154631
29154636, 29154829, 29159216, 29159661, 29160462, 29161923, 29169540
29169739, 29170717, 29173618, 29181568, 29182920, 29183298, 29186091
29191827, 29201143, 29201695, 29209545, 29210577, 29210610, 29210624
29210683, 29213641, 29219627, 29224294, 29225861, 29229839, 29235934
29242906, 29243749, 29244495, 29244766, 29244968, 29248723, 29249583
29251564, 29255616, 29260224, 29261695, 29271019, 29273360, 29282090
29282666, 29285453, 29285621, 29290235, 29292232, 29293806, 29294753
29299830, 29307090, 29307109, 29311336, 29329675, 29330791, 29339299
29357821, 29360467, 29360775, 29367971, 29368725, 29379299, 29379381
29380527, 29381000, 29382296, 29391301, 29393649, 29402110, 29411931
29413360, 29457319, 29465047

Patch 29517242 : applied on Thu Apr 18 15:21:17 CST 2019
Unique Patch ID: 22862832
Patch description: "Database Release Update : 19.3.0.0.190416 (29517242)"
Created on 17 Apr 2019, 23:27:10 hrs PST8PDT
Bugs fixed:
29515240, 14735102, 19697993, 20313356, 21965541, 25806201, 25883179
25986062, 26476244, 26611353, 26872233, 27369515, 27423500, 27666312
27710072, 27846298, 27957203, 28064977, 28072567, 28129791, 28181021
28210681, 28279456, 28313275, 28350595, 28371123, 28379065, 28431445
28463226, 28489419, 28502773, 28513333, 28534475, 28561704, 28569897
28572533, 28572544, 28587723, 28593682, 28594086, 28597221, 28601957
28605066, 28606598, 28625862, 28627033, 28636532, 28643718, 28644549
28645570, 28646200, 28646939, 28649388, 28655209, 28663782, 28673945
28692275, 28694872, 28696373, 28705231, 28710385, 28710734, 28714461
28718469, 28730079, 28740708, 28760206, 28772390, 28774416, 28777214
28789531, 28791852, 28795551, 28802734, 28804517, 28810381, 28811560
28815123, 28815355, 28819640, 28824482, 28833912, 28835937, 28862532
28863432, 28873575, 28876253, 28876639, 28884931, 28888327, 28892794
28897512, 28899663, 28901126, 28905457, 28907196, 28912691, 28915561
28917080, 28918429, 28919145, 28922227, 28922532, 28922608, 28925634
28925880, 28933158, 28936114, 28937717, 28938698, 28940179, 28940281
28941901, 28942455, 28945421, 28945994, 28951533, 28952168, 28954762
28955606, 28957292, 28957723, 28962775, 28965231, 28966444, 28974083
28977322, 28983095, 28983486, 28986326, 28986481, 28988482, 28989306
28993295, 28994307, 28996376, 29000000, 29001888, 29002927, 29003738
29006318, 29006621, 29007321, 29007775, 29008035, 29011936, 29013475
29014076, 29015118, 29017265, 29018655, 29019121, 29021063, 29021352
29024552, 29026582, 29026606, 29027456, 29027694, 29027940, 29031575
29031600, 29032234, 29032457, 29032607, 29033052, 29033145, 29033200
29033280, 29034587, 29037290, 29038528, 29039089, 29039510, 29043554
29043651, 29043725, 29044763, 29044954, 29047850, 29048289, 29048498
29048605, 29050560, 29050765, 29051702, 29052726, 29053783, 29056024
29056270, 29056560, 29059011, 29061959, 29062692, 29062848, 29062860
29062868, 29110526, 29110783, 29110790, 29110797, 29110802, 29110805
29111598, 29113282, 29113305, 29117526, 29117642, 29119077, 29120223
29122224, 29122254, 29123297, 29123432, 29123482, 29124368, 29125380
29126345, 29127957, 29128935, 29129450, 29129497, 29129712, 29130219
29131539, 29132938, 29134447, 29136111, 29138641, 29141316, 29141341
29141685, 29142667, 29144995, 29145214, 29145730, 29149829, 29150338
29151520, 29152357, 29155099, 29157389, 29158680, 29158899, 29159909
29159936, 29160174, 29162095, 29163415, 29163437, 29163524, 29163567
29167111, 29167342, 29167374, 29167940, 29168219, 29168433, 29169073
29169215, 29171942, 29172618, 29172826, 29173140, 29173373, 29173817
29174004, 29176318, 29177466, 29177543, 29177886, 29178385, 29180313
29180455, 29180559, 29180893, 29181153, 29181231, 29181620, 29181743
29181923, 29182019, 29183912, 29184297, 29184666, 29185193, 29186456
29189302, 29189307, 29189889, 29190235, 29190474, 29190740, 29191541
29192419, 29192468, 29192685, 29193207, 29194205, 29194367, 29194493
29194827, 29195279, 29195337, 29195758, 29196725, 29199635, 29199733
29200316, 29200700, 29201494, 29201539, 29202104, 29202850, 29203122
29203166, 29203425, 29203443, 29203604, 29205281, 29205323, 29205419
29205463, 29205767, 29205918, 29206109, 29206605, 29207073, 29208260
29208732, 29211457, 29211724, 29212012, 29212433, 29212611, 29213351
29213775, 29213850, 29213879, 29214561, 29214960, 29216746, 29216984
29217294, 29217472, 29217828, 29217848, 29218570, 29219205, 29219273
29220079, 29221248, 29221891, 29222031, 29222784, 29223833, 29223859
29223967, 29224065, 29224605, 29225076, 29227602, 29228869, 29229164
29229754, 29229844, 29229955, 29230252, 29230565, 29231133, 29232117
29232154, 29234123, 29237538, 29240307, 29241345, 29242017, 29242884
29243958, 29245137, 29245160, 29246163, 29247415, 29247712, 29247906
29248552, 29248835, 29248858, 29249991, 29250059, 29251259, 29253184
29253871, 29254031, 29254930, 29255178, 29255273, 29255431, 29255435
29256426, 29259119, 29259320, 29261906, 29262512, 29262887, 29265448
29266248, 29266899, 29267292, 29268412, 29269171, 29270585, 29273539
29273735, 29273847, 29274428, 29274564, 29274627, 29275461, 29278218
29279658, 29279751, 29279854, 29282898, 29285503, 29285788, 29285956
29286037, 29287130, 29287705, 29292837, 29293072, 29297863, 29297915
29298220, 29299049, 29299082, 29299844, 29301566, 29302963, 29303918
29304781, 29311588, 29312310, 29312734, 29312753, 29313347, 29313417
29313525, 29314539, 29318410, 29319441, 29321489, 29323946, 29324568
29325087, 29325105, 29325257, 29325993, 29327044, 29329087, 29331209
29331380, 29331493, 29332771, 29333500, 29337310, 29338315, 29338453
29338780, 29338913, 29339155, 29341209, 29343086, 29346943, 29347620
29348176, 29350052, 29351386, 29351716, 29351749, 29352867, 29353271
29355654, 29356547, 29356752, 29358828, 29360672, 29361801, 29363151
29364171, 29364177, 29367019, 29367561, 29368253, 29373418, 29373588
29374179, 29377986, 29378029, 29379978, 29382784, 29385652, 29386502
29386635, 29386660, 29387274, 29388094, 29388524, 29388830, 29389889
29390435, 29394140, 29394749, 29397954, 29398863, 29399100, 29399121
29405012, 29405651, 29412066, 29412269, 29417884, 29423826, 29429264
29429566, 29431485, 29435652, 29438736, 29439522, 29450421, 29451386
29452576, 29452953, 29457807, 29460252, 29462957, 29486181, 29507616
29521748, 29530812, 29531654, 29557336, 29558975, 29601461

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

OPatch succeeded.

接下来，关闭数据库后使用datapatch工具在数据库中应用SQL文件；

[oracle@sdedu ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Mar 3 13:59:56 2020
Version 19.3.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup upgrade
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1543500832 bytes
Fixed Size 9135136 bytes
Variable Size 973078528 bytes
Database Buffers 553648128 bytes
Redo Buffers 7639040 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> alter pluggable database all open upgrade;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> quit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
[oracle@sdedu ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
[oracle@sdedu OPatch]$ ./datapatch -verbose
SQL Patching tool version 19.3.0.0.0 Production on Tue Mar 3 14:02:02 2020
Copyright (c) 2012, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Log file for this invocation: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/sqlpatch_23535_2020_03_03_14_02_02/sqlpatch_invocation.log

Connecting to database...OK
Gathering database info...done

Note: Datapatch will only apply or rollback SQL fixes for PDBs
that are in an open state, no patches will be applied to closed PDBs.
Please refer to Note: Datapatch: Database 12c Post Patch SQL Automation
(Doc ID 1585822.1)

Bootstrapping registry and package to current versions...done
Determining current state...done

Current state of interim SQL patches:
Interim patch 30484981 (OJVM RELEASE UPDATE: 19.6.0.0.200114 (30484981)):
Binary registry: Installed
PDB CDB$ROOT: Not installed
PDB PDB$SEED: Not installed
PDB PDB1: Not installed

Current state of release update SQL patches:
Binary registry:
19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720: Installed
PDB CDB$ROOT:
Applied 19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720 successfully on 13-MAY-19 11.43.02.621425 PM
PDB PDB$SEED:
Applied 19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720 successfully on 13-MAY-19 11.43.08.787211 PM
PDB PDB1:
Applied 19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720 successfully on 13-MAY-19 11.43.08.787211 PM

Adding patches to installation queue and performing prereq checks...done
Installation queue:
For the following PDBs: CDB$ROOT PDB$SEED PDB1
No interim patches need to be rolled back
No release update patches need to be installed
The following interim patches will be applied:
30484981 (OJVM RELEASE UPDATE: 19.6.0.0.200114 (30484981))

Installing patches...
Patch installation complete. Total patches installed: 3

Validating logfiles...done
Patch 30484981 apply (pdb CDB$ROOT): SUCCESS
logfile: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/30484981/23248235/30484981_apply_SS19C_CDBROOT_2020Mar03_14_02_48.log (no errors)
Patch 30484981 apply (pdb PDB$SEED): SUCCESS
logfile: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/30484981/23248235/30484981_apply_SS19C_PDBSEED_2020Mar03_14_04_27.log (no errors)
Patch 30484981 apply (pdb PDB1): SUCCESS
logfile: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/30484981/23248235/30484981_apply_SS19C_PDB1_2020Mar03_14_04_27.log (no errors)
SQL Patching tool complete on Tue Mar 3 14:05:01 2020

最后，使用utlrp脚本来重新编译失败的对象；

[oracle@sdedu 30484981]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Mar 3 11:43:20 2020
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0

SQL> select PATCH_ID,PATCH_TYPE,ACTION,STATUS,SOURCE_VERSION from dba_registry_sqlpatch;
PATCH_ID PATCH_TYPE ACTION STATUS SOURCE_VERSION
---------- ---------- ------------ ------------------- ---------------
29517242 RU APPLY SUCCESS 19.1.0.0.0
30484981 INTERIM APPLY SUCCESS 19.3.0.0.0
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp
Session altered.
TIMESTAMP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMP_TIMESTAMP UTLRP_BGN 2020-03-03 11:44:52
DOC> The following PL/SQL block invokes UTL_RECOMP to recompile invalid
DOC> objects in the database. Recompilation time is proportional to the
DOC> number of invalid objects in the database, so this command may take
DOC> a long time to execute on a database with a large number of invalid
DOC> objects.
DOC>
DOC> Use the following queries to track recompilation progress:
DOC>
DOC> 1. Query returning the number of invalid objects remaining. This
DOC> number should decrease with time.
DOC> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM obj$ WHERE status IN (4, 5, 6);
DOC>
DOC> 2. Query returning the number of objects compiled so far. This number
DOC> should increase with time.
DOC> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM UTL_RECOMP_COMPILED;
DOC>
DOC> This script automatically chooses serial or parallel recompilation
DOC> based on the number of CPUs available (parameter cpu_count) multiplied
DOC> by the number of threads per CPU (parameter parallel_threads_per_cpu).
DOC> On RAC, this number is added across all RAC nodes.
DOC>
DOC> UTL_RECOMP uses DBMS_SCHEDULER to create jobs for parallel
DOC> recompilation. Jobs are created without instance affinity so that they
DOC> can migrate across RAC nodes. Use the following queries to verify
DOC> whether UTL_RECOMP jobs are being created and run correctly:
DOC>
DOC> 1. Query showing jobs created by UTL_RECOMP
DOC> SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_jobs
DOC> WHERE job_name like 'UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%';
DOC>
DOC> 2. Query showing UTL_RECOMP jobs that are running
DOC> SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_running_jobs
DOC> WHERE job_name like 'UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%';
DOC>#
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
TIMESTAMP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMP_TIMESTAMP UTLRP_END 2020-03-03 11:44:55
DOC> The following query reports the number of invalid objects.
DOC>
DOC> If the number is higher than expected, please examine the error
DOC> messages reported with each object (using SHOW ERRORS) to see if they
DOC> point to system misconfiguration or resource constraints that must be
DOC> fixed before attempting to recompile these objects.
DOC>#
OBJECTS WITH ERRORS
-------------------
0
DOC> The following query reports the number of exceptions caught during
DOC> recompilation. If this number is non-zero, please query the error
DOC> messages in the table UTL_RECOMP_ERRORS to see if any of these errors
DOC> are due to misconfiguration or resource constraints that must be
DOC> fixed before objects can compile successfully.
DOC> Note: Typical compilation errors (due to coding errors) are not
DOC> logged into this table: they go into DBA_ERRORS instead.
DOC>#
ERRORS DURING RECOMPILATION
---------------------------
0
Function created.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Function dropped.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

至此，30484981补丁已经安装完毕。

下一步，就要来安装30557433补丁，整个过程和之前的安装过程类似，首先检查补丁是否存在冲突；

[oracle@sdedu 30463595]$ cd 30557433/
[oracle@sdedu 30557433]$ ls
custom etc files README.html README.txt
[oracle@sdedu 30557433]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.17
Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

PREREQ session

Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.17
OUI version : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-03-03_14-43-18PM_1.log

Invoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"

Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.

OPatch succeeded.

接下来开始应用补丁；

[oracle@sdedu 30557433]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch apply
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.17
Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.17
OUI version : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-03-03_14-44-12PM_1.log

Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...
Prerequisite check "CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables" failed.
The details are:

Following active executables are not used by opatch process :
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/bin/oracle

Following active executables are used by opatch process :

/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/lib/libclntsh.so.19.1
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/lib/libsqlplus.so
UtilSession failed: Prerequisite check "CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables" failed.
Log file location: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-03-03_14-44-12PM_1.log

OPatch failed with error code 73
[oracle@sdedu 30557433]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch apply
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.17
Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.17
OUI version : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-03-03_14-46-05PM_1.log

Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Start OOP by Prereq process.
Launch OOP...

Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.17
Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.17
OUI version : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-03-03_14-46-35PM_1.log

Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...
OPatch continues with these patches: 30557433

Do you want to proceed? [y|n]
Y (auto-answered by -silent)
User Responded with: Y
All checks passed.

Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.
(Oracle Home = '/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1')

Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]
Y (auto-answered by -silent)
User Responded with: Y
Backing up files...
Applying interim patch '30557433' to OH '/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1'
ApplySession: Optional component(s) [ oracle.network.gsm, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.ic, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.xdk.parser.java.jaxb2, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.assistants.asm, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.tfa, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.network.cman, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.oraolap.mgmt, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.assistants.usm, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.net.cman, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.options.olap.awm, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.jdk, 1.8.0.191.0 ] not present in the Oracle Home or a higher version is found.

Patching component oracle.rdbms.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.rdbms.util, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.rdbms, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.assistants.acf, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.assistants.deconfig, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.assistants.server, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.buildtools.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.ctx, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.ldap.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.network.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.rdbms.dbscripts, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.sdo, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.sqlplus, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.xdk.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.rdbms.install.plugins, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.rdbms.install.common, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.odbc, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.ovm, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.rdbms.deconfig, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.rdbms.dv, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.sqlplus.ic, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.ldap.security.osdt, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.rdbms.oci, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.oracore.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.sdo.locator.jrf, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.network.listener, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.ldap.owm, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.nlsrtl.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.oraolap.dbscripts, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.rdbms.scheduler, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.install.deinstalltool, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.dbjava.ucp, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.sdo.locator, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.network.client, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.rdbms.rman, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.rdbms.drdaas, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.rdbms.crs, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.duma, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.precomp.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.javavm.client, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.precomp.common.core, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.dbjava.jdbc, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.dbjava.ic, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.ons, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.ldap.rsf.ic, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.dbdev, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.ctx.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.bali.ice, 11.1.1.7.0...

Patching component oracle.xdk, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.xdk.parser.java, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.rdbms.rsf.ic, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.precomp.lang, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.precomp.common, 19.0.0.0.0...

Patching component oracle.jdk, 1.8.0.201.0...
Patch 30557433 successfully applied.
Sub-set patch [29517242] has become inactive due to the application of a super-set patch [30557433].
Please refer to Doc ID 2161861.1 for any possible further required actions.
Log file location: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-03-03_14-46-35PM_1.log

OPatch succeeded.

补丁应用完成后，使用datapatch工具在数据库中应用SQL文件

[oracle@sdedu 30463595]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Mar 3 11:50:51 2020
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SQL> shu immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>
SQL> startup upgrade
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1543500832 bytes
Fixed Size 9135136 bytes
Variable Size 973078528 bytes
Database Buffers 553648128 bytes
Redo Buffers 7639040 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> show pdbs;
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED MIGRATE YES
3 PDB1 MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database all open upgrade;
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> quit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0

[oracle@sdedu 30463595]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
[oracle@sdedu OPatch]$ ./datapatch -verbose
SQL Patching tool version 19.3.0.0.0 Production on Tue Mar 3 11:54:09 2020
Copyright (c) 2012, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Log file for this invocation: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/sqlpatch_29704_2020_03_03_11_54_09/sqlpatch_invocation.log
Connecting to database...OK
Gathering database info...done
Note: Datapatch will only apply or rollback SQL fixes for PDBs
that are in an open state, no patches will be applied to closed PDBs.
Please refer to Note: Datapatch: Database 12c Post Patch SQL Automation
(Doc ID 1585822.1)
Bootstrapping registry and package to current versions...done
Determining current state...done
Current state of interim SQL patches:
Interim patch 30484981 (OJVM RELEASE UPDATE: 19.6.0.0.200114 (30484981)):
Binary registry: Installed
PDB CDB$ROOT: Applied successfully on 03-MAR-20 11.22.13.371425 AM
PDB PDB$SEED: Applied successfully on 03-MAR-20 11.22.13.498532 AM
PDB PDB1: Not installed
Current state of release update SQL patches:
Binary registry:
19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720: Installed
PDB CDB$ROOT:
Applied 19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720 successfully on 13-MAY-19 11.43.02.621425 PM
PDB PDB$SEED:
Applied 19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720 successfully on 13-MAY-19 11.43.08.787211 PM
PDB PDB1:
Applied 19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720 successfully on 13-MAY-19 11.43.08.787211 PM
Adding patches to installation queue and performing prereq checks...done
Installation queue:
For the following PDBs: CDB$ROOT PDB$SEED
No interim patches need to be rolled back
No release update patches need to be installed
No interim patches need to be applied
For the following PDBs: PDB1
No interim patches need to be rolled back
No release update patches need to be installed
The following interim patches will be applied:
30484981 (OJVM RELEASE UPDATE: 19.6.0.0.200114 (30484981))
Installing patches...
Patch installation complete. Total patches installed: 1
Validating logfiles...done
Patch 30484981 apply (pdb PDB1): SUCCESS
logfile: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/30484981/23248235/30484981_apply_SS19C_PDB1_2020Mar03_11_54_44.log (no errors)
SQL Patching tool complete on Tue Mar 3 11:55:06 2020

继续使用utlrp脚本来编译失败的对象；

[oracle@sdedu OPatch]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Mar 3 11:55:24 2020
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SQL> shu immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1543500832 bytes
Fixed Size 9135136 bytes
Variable Size 973078528 bytes
Database Buffers 553648128 bytes
Redo Buffers 7639040 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> alter pluggable database all open;
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp
Session altered.
TIMESTAMP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMP_TIMESTAMP UTLRP_BGN 2020-03-03 11:57:15
DOC> The following PL/SQL block invokes UTL_RECOMP to recompile invalid
DOC> objects in the database. Recompilation time is proportional to the
DOC> number of invalid objects in the database, so this command may take
DOC> a long time to execute on a database with a large number of invalid
DOC> objects.
DOC>
DOC> Use the following queries to track recompilation progress:
DOC>
DOC> 1. Query returning the number of invalid objects remaining. This
DOC> number should decrease with time.
DOC> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM obj$ WHERE status IN (4, 5, 6);
DOC>
DOC> 2. Query returning the number of objects compiled so far. This number
DOC> should increase with time.
DOC> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM UTL_RECOMP_COMPILED;
DOC>
DOC> This script automatically chooses serial or parallel recompilation
DOC> based on the number of CPUs available (parameter cpu_count) multiplied
DOC> by the number of threads per CPU (parameter parallel_threads_per_cpu).
DOC> On RAC, this number is added across all RAC nodes.
DOC>
DOC> UTL_RECOMP uses DBMS_SCHEDULER to create jobs for parallel
DOC> recompilation. Jobs are created without instance affinity so that they
DOC> can migrate across RAC nodes. Use the following queries to verify
DOC> whether UTL_RECOMP jobs are being created and run correctly:
DOC>
DOC> 1. Query showing jobs created by UTL_RECOMP
DOC> SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_jobs
DOC> WHERE job_name like 'UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%';
DOC>
DOC> 2. Query showing UTL_RECOMP jobs that are running
DOC> SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_running_jobs
DOC> WHERE job_name like 'UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%';
DOC>#
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
TIMESTAMP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMP_TIMESTAMP UTLRP_END 2020-03-03 11:57:17
DOC> The following query reports the number of invalid objects.
DOC>
DOC> If the number is higher than expected, please examine the error
DOC> messages reported with each object (using SHOW ERRORS) to see if they
DOC> point to system misconfiguration or resource constraints that must be
DOC> fixed before attempting to recompile these objects.
DOC>#
OBJECTS WITH ERRORS
-------------------
0
DOC> The following query reports the number of exceptions caught during
DOC> recompilation. If this number is non-zero, please query the error
DOC> messages in the table UTL_RECOMP_ERRORS to see if any of these errors
DOC> are due to misconfiguration or resource constraints that must be
DOC> fixed before objects can compile successfully.
DOC> Note: Typical compilation errors (due to coding errors) are not
DOC> logged into this table: they go into DBA_ERRORS instead.
DOC>#
ERRORS DURING RECOMPILATION
---------------------------
0
Function created.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Function dropped.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>

我们通过dba_registry_sqlpatch视图来验证补丁的应用状态是否为“SUCCESS”；

SQL> select PATCH_ID,PATCH_TYPE,ACTION,STATUS,TARGET_VERSION from dba_registry_sqlpatch;

PATCH_ID PATCH_TYPE ACTION STATUS TARGET_VERSION
---------- ---------- --------------- ---------------------- --------------
29517242 RU APPLY SUCCESS 19.3.0.0.0
30484981 INTERIM APPLY SUCCESS 19.3.0.0.0
30557433 RU APPLY SUCCESS 19.6.0.0.0

最后使用opatch lsinv来查看补丁最终状态。

[oracle@sdedu 30557433]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch lsinv
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.17
Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.17
OUI version : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-03-03_16-57-39PM_1.log

Lsinventory Output file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2020-03-03_16-57-39PM.txt

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Machine Information::
Hostname: sdedu.sandata.com.cn
ARU platform id: 226
ARU platform description:: Linux x86-64

Installed Top-level Products (1):

Oracle Database 19c 19.0.0.0.0
There are 1 products installed in this Oracle Home.

Interim patches (3) :

Patch 30557433 : applied on Tue Mar 03 14:48:18 CST 2020
Unique Patch ID: 23305305
Patch description: "Database Release Update : 19.6.0.0.200114 (30557433)"
Created on 6 Jan 2020, 19:07:34 hrs PST8PDT
Bugs fixed:
30545281, 8476681, 14735102, 17428816, 19080742, 19697993, 20313356
21374587, 21965541, 23296836, 23606241, 24687075, 25756945, 25806201
25883179, 25986062, 25997810, 26476244, 26611353, 26739322, 26777814
26872233, 27036163, 27044169, 27101798, 27126938, 27195935, 27244999
27254335, 27359766, 27369515, 27406105, 27411022, 27423500, 27439716
27453490, 27458357, 27489107, 27666312, 27710072, 27729678, 27846298
27880025, 27934711, 27935464, 27941110, 27957203, 27967484, 28064977
28072567, 28109326, 28125947, 28129791, 28181021, 28189466, 28204262
28205555, 28209985, 28210681, 28271258, 28271693, 28279456, 28294563
28313275, 28319114, 28326928, 28350595, 28371123, 28373960, 28375383
28379065, 28381939, 28386259, 28390273, 28395302, 28397317, 28402823
28410431, 28431445, 28435333, 28454215, 28463226, 28475242, 28484299
28489419, 28492006, 28498976, 28502773, 28513333, 28521330, 28530171
28534475, 28538439, 28542455, 28546290, 28547068, 28547926, 28558645
28561704, 28567417, 28567819, 28569897, 28572407, 28572533, 28572544
28572667, 28572834, 28578945, 28587723, 28589509, 28593682, 28594086
28597221, 28601957, 28605066, 28606598, 28612239, 28620697, 28625862
28627033, 28636532, 28639299, 28643718, 28644549, 28645570, 28646200
28646939, 28649388, 28655209, 28663782, 28672457, 28673945, 28692103
28692275, 28694872, 28696373, 28705231, 28710385, 28710734, 28714461
28715727, 28718469, 28719348, 28720204, 28720418, 28721497, 28722229
28730079, 28734355, 28740708, 28742555, 28749853, 28752923, 28755011
28758722, 28760206, 28765983, 28767240, 28769456, 28772390, 28774416
28776811, 28777214, 28781754, 28785531, 28789531, 28791852, 28795551
28795734, 28802734, 28804517, 28810381, 28811560, 28815123, 28815355
28817449, 28819640, 28820669, 28821847, 28824482, 28827682, 28831971
28833912, 28835937, 28836716, 28844738, 28849776, 28854004, 28855520
28855922, 28857552, 28862532, 28863432, 28863487, 28867992, 28873575
28875089, 28876253, 28876639, 28878865, 28882784, 28884931, 28887305
28888327, 28889730, 28892794, 28897512, 28899663, 28901126, 28905457
28905615, 28907196, 28912691, 28915561, 28917080, 28918429, 28919145
28922227, 28922532, 28922608, 28925634, 28925880, 28927452, 28932914
28933158, 28935293, 28936114, 28937717, 28938698, 28940179, 28940281
28941901, 28942455, 28945421, 28945994, 28949888, 28950868, 28951533
28952168, 28954762, 28955606, 28955883, 28956908, 28957292, 28957723
28958088, 28959493, 28960863, 28962775, 28965084, 28965095, 28965231
28965376, 28966444, 28974083, 28977322, 28983095, 28983486, 28985478
28986207, 28986231, 28986257, 28986326, 28986481, 28988482, 28989306
28993295, 28993353, 28994307, 28996376, 29000000, 29001305, 29001888
29002488, 29002784, 29002927, 29003407, 29003738, 29006318, 29006621
29007321, 29007353, 29007775, 29008035, 29008669, 29009513, 29010126
29011936, 29012609, 29013475, 29013832, 29014076, 29015118, 29017265
29018655, 29019121, 29021063, 29021352, 29022986, 29024054, 29024552
29024732, 29026582, 29026606, 29027456, 29027694, 29027940, 29031575
29031600, 29032234, 29032276, 29032457, 29032607, 29033052, 29033145
29033200, 29033280, 29034587, 29037290, 29038528, 29038728, 29039089
29039510, 29040739, 29043554, 29043651, 29043725, 29044763, 29044954
29046482, 29047850, 29048178, 29048289, 29048498, 29048605, 29050357
29050560, 29050765, 29050886, 29051702, 29051953, 29052726, 29053783
29056024, 29056270, 29056560, 29056767, 29056894, 29059011, 29060216
29061016, 29061959, 29062692, 29062848, 29062860, 29062868, 29110526
29110783, 29110790, 29110797, 29110802, 29110805, 29111598, 29113282
29113305, 29115857, 29117526, 29117642, 29118543, 29119077, 29120223
29122224, 29122254, 29123297, 29123432, 29123482, 29124368, 29125036
29125374, 29125380, 29126345, 29127957, 29128693, 29128935, 29129450
29129497, 29129712, 29130219, 29131539, 29132869, 29132938, 29133470
29134447, 29135383, 29135649, 29136111, 29138641, 29139956, 29141316
29141341, 29141685, 29142609, 29142667, 29143516, 29144995, 29145214
29145730, 29149829, 29150338, 29151520, 29152357, 29155099, 29157051
29157389, 29158680, 29158899, 29159909, 29159936, 29160174, 29162095
29163156, 29163415, 29163437, 29163524, 29163567, 29167111, 29167342
29167374, 29167940, 29168137, 29168219, 29168433, 29169073, 29169215
29170232, 29171683, 29171942, 29172618, 29172826, 29173140, 29173373
29173817, 29174004, 29176318, 29177466, 29177543, 29177886, 29178385
29180313, 29180455, 29180559, 29180893, 29181153, 29181231, 29181620
29181743, 29181923, 29182019, 29182517, 29182901, 29183912, 29184297
29184666, 29185193, 29186456, 29189302, 29189307, 29189889, 29190235
29190474, 29190663, 29190740, 29191541, 29192419, 29192468, 29192685
29193207, 29194205, 29194367, 29194493, 29194827, 29194981, 29195279
29195337, 29195758, 29196725, 29198092, 29198913, 29199635, 29199733
29200316, 29200700, 29201494, 29201539, 29201787, 29202104, 29202461
29202850, 29203122, 29203166, 29203425, 29203443, 29203604, 29205281
29205323, 29205419, 29205463, 29205767, 29205918, 29206109, 29206605
29207073, 29208260, 29208732, 29211457, 29211724, 29212012, 29212433
29212611, 29213320, 29213351, 29213613, 29213775, 29213850, 29213879
29214561, 29214960, 29216312, 29216723, 29216746, 29216984, 29217294
29217472, 29217828, 29217848, 29218570, 29219205, 29219273, 29220079
29221248, 29221891, 29221942, 29222031, 29222784, 29223833, 29223859
29223967, 29224065, 29224605, 29225076, 29225168, 29225758, 29227602
29228869, 29229164, 29229754, 29229844, 29229955, 29230252, 29230565
29231133, 29232117, 29232154, 29232449, 29233415, 29233810, 29233953
29234123, 29236573, 29237538, 29237575, 29237744, 29240307, 29240759
29241345, 29241651, 29242017, 29242884, 29243958, 29245137, 29245160
29246163, 29247415, 29247712, 29247906, 29248495, 29248552, 29248835
29248858, 29249412, 29249991, 29250059, 29250317, 29251259, 29253184
29253871, 29254031, 29254930, 29255178, 29255273, 29255431, 29255435
29256426, 29259119, 29259320, 29260452, 29260956, 29261547, 29261548
29261906, 29262512, 29262887, 29265448, 29266248, 29266899, 29267292
29268412, 29269171, 29269228, 29269825, 29270585, 29273539, 29273570
29273735, 29273812, 29273847, 29274428, 29274564, 29274627, 29275461
29276272, 29277317, 29278218, 29278684, 29279658, 29279751, 29279854
29281527, 29281691, 29281796, 29282233, 29282898, 29285197, 29285503
29285788, 29285956, 29286037, 29286229, 29287130, 29287705, 29292837
29293072, 29293574, 29297863, 29297915, 29298220, 29299049, 29299082
29299844, 29301463, 29301566, 29302963, 29303918, 29304781, 29306226
29306713, 29307638, 29311528, 29311588, 29312310, 29312672, 29312734
29312753, 29312889, 29313347, 29313417, 29313525, 29314539, 29314636
29317756, 29318410, 29319441, 29321489, 29323946, 29324568, 29324735
29325087, 29325105, 29325257, 29325765, 29325993, 29327044, 29329042
29329087, 29329807, 29330361, 29331066, 29331209, 29331380, 29331493
29332292, 29332395, 29332763, 29332771, 29333500, 29336843, 29337310
29337742, 29338315, 29338348, 29338453, 29338780, 29338913, 29339101
29339155, 29341209, 29343086, 29343861, 29345937, 29346057, 29346211
29346943, 29347620, 29348176, 29350052, 29350762, 29351386, 29351662
29351716, 29351735, 29351749, 29352298, 29352724, 29352867, 29352947
29353271, 29353432, 29353821, 29353960, 29355654, 29356547, 29356704
29356711, 29356752, 29358509, 29358828, 29360252, 29360285, 29360672
29360911, 29360950, 29361319, 29361472, 29361801, 29363151, 29364171
29364177, 29366940, 29367019, 29367561, 29368253, 29368310, 29372541
29373418, 29373588, 29374179, 29375355, 29375941, 29375984, 29376346
29377804, 29377986, 29378029, 29378834, 29378913, 29379978, 29382641
29382784, 29382815, 29383695, 29384781, 29384854, 29384864, 29385429
29385652, 29386502, 29386635, 29386660, 29387073, 29387274, 29388020
29388072, 29388094, 29388524, 29388830, 29389889, 29390011, 29390435
29390785, 29391030, 29391237, 29391849, 29391925, 29392966, 29393291
29394014, 29394140, 29394749, 29395657, 29397954, 29397996, 29398488
29398863, 29399046, 29399100, 29399121, 29399336, 29399938, 29402131
29404483, 29405012, 29405462, 29405651, 29405996, 29407804, 29408853
29409149, 29409455, 29410311, 29410834, 29411037, 29411469, 29412066
29412269, 29416688, 29417173, 29417719, 29417884, 29418165, 29420834
29421059, 29423003, 29423016, 29423156, 29423826, 29424999, 29426241
29429017, 29429264, 29429466, 29429566, 29430524, 29430866, 29431192
29431485, 29432176, 29434301, 29435474, 29435652, 29436454, 29436514
29436727, 29437594, 29437712, 29438277, 29438736, 29439522, 29441196
29443187, 29443250, 29444072, 29444282, 29444602, 29446669, 29448498
29449477, 29449845, 29449852, 29450193, 29450421, 29450812, 29450936
29451386, 29452251, 29452576, 29452936, 29452953, 29454978, 29455424
29456714, 29457312, 29457370, 29457502, 29457807, 29457978, 29460252
29461420, 29461791, 29462594, 29462767, 29462957, 29463047, 29463528
29464616, 29464779, 29465177, 29467622, 29469565, 29470291, 29471860
29472618, 29476473, 29481584, 29483452, 29483532, 29483626, 29483672
29483685, 29483712, 29483723, 29483771, 29485099, 29486181, 29488894
29489436, 29489546, 29490256, 29492127, 29492939, 29493122, 29494245
29495057, 29495684, 29497311, 29497588, 29497696, 29498198, 29500257
29500826, 29502561, 29503543, 29503631, 29503827, 29504492, 29504682
29505668, 29507270, 29507616, 29508681, 29509777, 29510278, 29511611
29514479, 29515134, 29515240, 29515476, 29515766, 29515834, 29516300
29516727, 29516766, 29517168, 29517883, 29521187, 29521688, 29521748
29521862, 29522358, 29522561, 29522662, 29523055, 29523511, 29524599
29525467, 29525886, 29526966, 29527595, 29527610, 29528368, 29529147
29530440, 29530515, 29530812, 29530909, 29531654, 29531836, 29532532
29536342, 29536445, 29538631, 29541742, 29541769, 29542084, 29542449
29542643, 29543034, 29543956, 29546817, 29547010, 29547867, 29548427
29548687, 29548722, 29549071, 29549104, 29549154, 29549730, 29552773
29553141, 29557144, 29557261, 29557336, 29557556, 29558238, 29558975
29559187, 29559446, 29559908, 29559981, 29564592, 29564593, 29565611
29580394, 29580983, 29581771, 29584261, 29584693, 29586143, 29587765
29597536, 29597754, 29598039, 29598046, 29598233, 29599008, 29599300
29601461, 29602831, 29603460, 29603884, 29604002, 29604257, 29607136
29607797, 29608000, 29610506, 29611020, 29611991, 29615824, 29616244
29616414, 29618074, 29618190, 29620042, 29622936, 29625065, 29625804
29625876, 29626154, 29626732, 29628200, 29629430, 29629650, 29629681
29629745, 29631749, 29632095, 29632265, 29632611, 29633697, 29633753
29633936, 29634643, 29635427, 29635717, 29635990, 29637362, 29637526
29638285, 29641736, 29643721, 29645349, 29648928, 29651183, 29651520
29653132, 29653246, 29655668, 29656819, 29657422, 29657960, 29661028
29661065, 29661722, 29663368, 29664087, 29664161, 29665940, 29667994
29668005, 29669413, 29670782, 29671363, 29672507, 29676089, 29677051
29677173, 29677733, 29677927, 29679856, 29681987, 29683039, 29687214
29687459, 29687718, 29687763, 29689145, 29689255, 29692694, 29694869
29695425, 29695841, 29696310, 29700125, 29700460, 29700770, 29703932
29707099, 29707896, 29708915, 29710188, 29710858, 29713810, 29715220
29716194, 29716491, 29717659, 29719146, 29720133, 29721418, 29725476
29725781, 29726695, 29739576, 29741976, 29742223, 29746962, 29747493
29747648, 29747653, 29748285, 29748336, 29748513, 29749471, 29750673
29751094, 29753244, 29754951, 29755821, 29756274, 29756444, 29757099
29757264, 29757651, 29758217, 29758661, 29761678, 29761837, 29761911
29765393, 29766207, 29766503, 29766679, 29768899, 29770750, 29771032
29771242, 29773197, 29773842, 29775393, 29779196, 29782211, 29782823
29782866, 29784106, 29785239, 29787292, 29787766, 29791152, 29791880
29793318, 29794462, 29795712, 29795957, 29796378, 29797726, 29802695
29804875, 29805772, 29809837, 29812489, 29813503, 29815713, 29817278
29821582, 29825525, 29827852, 29831196, 29834506, 29836096, 29838485
29838773, 29839715, 29840619, 29841267, 29841687, 29843277, 29843692
29844226, 29845530, 29846126, 29846645, 29848084, 29848849, 29849100
29850930, 29851733, 29853485, 29858121, 29858376, 29865188, 29865658
29869086, 29869404, 29869887, 29870065, 29871098, 29873665, 29875459
29875565, 29877608, 29878076, 29881478, 29881839, 29882729, 29884958
29887111, 29888621, 29890740, 29891916, 29893132, 29897418, 29897863
29900203, 29902327, 29902330, 29903299, 29903454, 29906678, 29907942
29909658, 29912286, 29914449, 29915217, 29915848, 29916975, 29920025
29921318, 29926466, 29927756, 29928210, 29937565, 29938225, 29940373
29942096, 29942554, 29943670, 29944035, 29944660, 29945645, 29946388
29951620, 29956016, 29957493, 29961609, 29962248, 29962927, 29962939
29966768, 29967223, 29968085, 29970298, 29971027, 29971888, 29989783
29989845, 29991257, 29997326, 30003187, 30006159, 30006985, 30007797
30008125, 30008214, 30009710, 30015070, 30019864, 30024618, 30029806
30032376, 30033547, 30034456, 30035598, 30038392, 30040157, 30042490
30043610, 30044507, 30047702, 30047765, 30051176, 30051783, 30053036
30058149, 30058453, 30059106, 30059109, 30066352, 30074349, 30074472
30075037, 30076197, 30078675, 30079949, 30080266, 30081580, 30083488
30084971, 30085897, 30086992, 30090568, 30092859, 30095591, 30095952
30097092, 30098251, 30099454, 30101186, 30104555, 30106748, 30110224
30110370, 30110518, 30114489, 30114534, 30127522, 30127904, 30131645
30135396, 30142907, 30149658, 30150606, 30154633, 30155837, 30159329
30164714, 30165493, 30165503, 30170104, 30174401, 30175291, 30177597
30178250, 30187866, 30189516, 30191274, 30193165, 30206493, 30218044
30223712, 30223847, 30224950, 30235919, 30246179, 30247305, 30252098
30252156, 30253608, 30255143, 30264405, 30266791, 30269428, 30274188
30282591, 30299817, 30312094, 30318638, 30324180, 30342878, 30365745
30389229, 30402386, 30408515, 30412188, 30453442, 30458593, 30474167
30474774, 30485255, 30534827, 30641755

Patch 30484981 : applied on Tue Mar 03 13:56:38 CST 2020
Unique Patch ID: 23248235
Patch description: "OJVM RELEASE UPDATE: 19.6.0.0.200114 (30484981)"
Created on 5 Dec 2019, 05:10:10 hrs PST8PDT
Bugs fixed:
29540327, 29254623, 29445548, 29774362, 30134746, 30160625, 29942275
30534662, 29512125

Patch 29585399 : applied on Thu Apr 18 15:21:33 CST 2019
Unique Patch ID: 22840393
Patch description: "OCW RELEASE UPDATE 19.3.0.0.0 (29585399)"
Created on 9 Apr 2019, 19:12:47 hrs PST8PDT
Bugs fixed:
27222128, 27572040, 27604329, 27760043, 27877830, 28302580, 28470673
28621543, 28642469, 28699321, 28710663, 28755846, 28772816, 28785321
28800508, 28808652, 28815557, 28847541, 28847572, 28870496, 28871040
28874416, 28877252, 28881191, 28881848, 28888083, 28911140, 28925250
28925460, 28935956, 28940472, 3, 28942694, 28951332, 28963036, 28968779
28980448, 28995287, 29003207, 29003617, 29016294, 29018680, 29024876
29026154, 29027933, 29047127, 29052850, 29058476, 29111631, 29112455
29117337, 29123444, 29125708, 29125786, 29129476, 29131772, 29132456
29139727, 29146157, 29147849, 29149170, 29152603, 29152752, 29154631
29154636, 29154829, 29159216, 29159661, 29160462, 29161923, 29169540
29169739, 29170717, 29173618, 29181568, 29182920, 29183298, 29186091
29191827, 29201143, 29201695, 29209545, 29210577, 29210610, 29210624
29210683, 29213641, 29219627, 29224294, 29225861, 29229839, 29235934
29242906, 29243749, 29244495, 29244766, 29244968, 29248723, 29249583
29251564, 29255616, 29260224, 29261695, 29271019, 29273360, 29282090
29282666, 29285453, 29285621, 29290235, 29292232, 29293806, 29294753
29299830, 29307090, 29307109, 29311336, 29329675, 29330791, 29339299
29357821, 29360467, 29360775, 29367971, 29368725, 29379299, 29379381
29380527, 29381000, 29382296, 29391301, 29393649, 29402110, 29411931
29413360, 29457319, 29465047

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

OPatch succeeded.

3. 总结
通过OPatch工具，我们可以很方便的将Oracle Database 19.3 升级到Oracle Database 19.6。对于公开下载的19.3版本来说，尽快安装patch来解决Bug和安全问题，是非常必要的措施。

4. 注意
如果没有关闭实例就进行补丁的安装，就会报如下错误：

[oracle@sdedu 30557433]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch apply
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.17
Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.17
OUI version : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-03-03_12-00-34PM_1.log

Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...
Prerequisite check "CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables" failed.
The details are:

Following active executables are not used by opatch process :
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/bin/oracle

Following active executables are used by opatch process :

/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/lib/libclntsh.so.19.1
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/lib/libsqlplus.so
UtilSession failed: Prerequisite check "CheckActiveFilesAndExecutables" failed.
Log file location: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-03-03_12-00-34PM_1.log

OPatch failed with error code 73