Flex与服务器交互之三（使用WebService组件同服务器WebService通讯） .

由于Flex只是一种客户端技术其本身并不能直接同数据库交互，在实际的应用开发过程中Flex提供了如URLRequest、HTTPService、RemoteObject、WebService等类以实现同服务器的通讯和数据交互，下面做一些介绍和实例解析:
   1、使用WebService组件同服务器交互
      WSDL描述以供Flex WebService解析调用相关接口信息(如图)：

     使用过程中在程序中添加一个WebService组件，设置WSDL属性为WebService的WSDL地址 调用<mx:operation>节点中定义的方法，设置result和fault事件函数接收ResultEvent和FaultEvent对象获取返回数据或捕获错误
      WebService组件官方帮助文档http://livedocs.adobe.com/flex/3/html/help.html?content=data_access_2.html
      WebService组件相关属性和事件:http://livedocs.adobe.com/flex/3/langref/mx/rpc/soap/mxml/WebService.html

     <mx:WebService
  Properties
  concurrency="multiple|single|last"
  destination="No default."
  id="No default."
  serviceName="No default."
  showBusyCursor="false|true"
  makeObjectsBindable="false|true"
  useProxy="false|true"
  wsdl="No default."               //请求的WSDL地址
   Events
fault="No default."      //请求发生错误时触发的事件(通常在下面<operation>具体的方法中再具体定义)
result="No default."      //请求完成后触发的事件以处理返回结果
/>

       <mx:WebService
    Properties
    concurrency="multiple|single|last"
    destination="No default."
    id="No default."
    serviceName="No default."
    showBusyCursor="false|true"
    makeObjectsBindable="false|true"
    useProxy="false|true"
    wsdl="No default."               //请求的WSDL地址
     Events
  fault="No default."      //请求发生错误时触发的事件(通常在下面<operation>具体的方法中再具体定义)
  result="No default."      //请求完成后触发的事件以处理返回结果
  />

 
  WebService调用方法节点属性和事件（可包含多个）

 <mx:operation
  Properties
  concurrency="multiple|single|last"
  name=No default, required.    //WebService方法名 必填
  resultFormat="object|xml|e4x"
  makeObjectsBindable="false|true"

  Events
fault="No default."      //请求发生错误时触发的事件
result="No default."      //请求完成后触发的事件以处理返回结果
/>

   <mx:operation
    Properties
    concurrency="multiple|single|last"
    name=No default, required.    //WebService方法名 必填
    resultFormat="object|xml|e4x"
    makeObjectsBindable="false|true"
     
    Events
  fault="No default."      //请求发生错误时触发的事件
  result="No default."      //请求完成后触发的事件以处理返回结果
  />

 

   2、应用示例:（调用WebService 根据用户输入的ID 查询返回XML中用户详细信息）：
   服务器端WebService定义:
   

[WebService(Namespace = "http://csdn.richardjun.net/")]
   [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
   [System.ComponentModel.ToolboxItem(false)]
   // To allow this Web Service to be called from script, using ASP.NET AJAX, uncomment the following line.
   // [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]
   public class SearchUserService : System.Web.Services.WebService
   {

       [WebMethod]
       public String SearchUserName(String useID)
       {
           XElement element = XElement.Load(Server.MapPath( @"/FlexService/Test.XML"));
           IEnumerable<XElement> uses = from v in element.Elements().ToList()
                                        where (String)v.Attribute("id") == useID
                                        select v;
           if (uses != null && uses.Count() > 0)
               return uses.First().ToString();
           else
               return String.Empty;
       }
   }

 [WebService(Namespace = "http://csdn.richardjun.net/")]
    [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
    [System.ComponentModel.ToolboxItem(false)]
    // To allow this Web Service to be called from script, using ASP.NET AJAX, uncomment the following line. 
    // [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]
    public class SearchUserService : System.Web.Services.WebService
    {

        [WebMethod]
        public String SearchUserName(String useID)
        {
            XElement element = XElement.Load(Server.MapPath( @"/FlexService/Test.XML"));
            IEnumerable<XElement> uses = from v in element.Elements().ToList()
                                         where (String)v.Attribute("id") == useID
                                         select v;
            if (uses != null && uses.Count() > 0)
                return uses.First().ToString();
            else
                return String.Empty;
        }
    }

   

 

服务器端用户详细信息Test.XML文件:
 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
 <root xmlns="http:=//www.byd.com/ChartData/XML">
   <User id="0">
     <Name>宋江</Name>
     <NikeName>天魁星</NikeName>
     <Position>梁山泊寨主</Position>
     <Weapon>锟吾剑</Weapon>
   </User>
   <User id="1">
     <Name>卢俊义</Name>
     <NikeName>天罡星</NikeName>
     <Position>梁山泊副寨主</Position>
     <Weapon>枪、棒</Weapon>
   </User>
   <User id="2">
     <Name>吴用</Name>
     <NikeName>天机星</NikeName>
     <Position>梁山泊军师</Position>
     <Weapon>铜链</Weapon>
   </User>
   <User id="3">
     <Name>公孙胜</Name>
     <NikeName>天闲星</NikeName>
     <Position>梁山泊副军师</Position>
     <Weapon>松纹古定剑</Weapon>
   </User>
   <User id="4">
     <Name>大刀关胜</Name>
     <NikeName>天勇星</NikeName>
     <Position>梁山泊马军五虎大将之首</Position>
     <Weapon>青龙偃月刀</Weapon>
   </User>
   <User id="5">
     <Name>林冲</Name>
     <NikeName>天雄星豹子头</NikeName>
     <Position>梁山泊马军五虎大将之二</Position>
     <Weapon>丈八蛇矛</Weapon>
 </User>
 </root>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
 <root xmlns="http:=//www.byd.com/ChartData/XML">
   <User id="0">
     <Name>宋江</Name>
     <NikeName>天魁星</NikeName>
     <Position>梁山泊寨主</Position>
     <Weapon>锟吾剑</Weapon>
   </User>
   <User id="1">
     <Name>卢俊义</Name>
     <NikeName>天罡星</NikeName>
     <Position>梁山泊副寨主</Position>
     <Weapon>枪、棒</Weapon>
   </User>
   <User id="2">
     <Name>吴用</Name>
     <NikeName>天机星</NikeName>
     <Position>梁山泊军师</Position>
     <Weapon>铜链</Weapon>
   </User>
   <User id="3">
     <Name>公孙胜</Name>
     <NikeName>天闲星</NikeName>
     <Position>梁山泊副军师</Position>
     <Weapon>松纹古定剑</Weapon>
   </User>
   <User id="4">
     <Name>大刀关胜</Name>
     <NikeName>天勇星</NikeName>
     <Position>梁山泊马军五虎大将之首</Position>
     <Weapon>青龙偃月刀</Weapon>
   </User>
   <User id="5">
     <Name>林冲</Name>
     <NikeName>天雄星豹子头</NikeName>
     <Position>梁山泊马军五虎大将之二</Position>
     <Weapon>丈八蛇矛</Weapon>
 </User>
 </root>
   

 

Felx代码：
    

<mx:Canvas x="10" y="218" width="393" height="200" backgroundColor="#84DACF">
  <mx:Label x="4" y="10" text="UserID:"/>
  <mx:Label x="60" y="83" width="160" id="labName" color="#C52167" fontSize="17"/>
  <mx:Label x="60" y="109" width="160" id="labPosition" color="#C52167" fontSize="17"/>
  <mx:Label x="60" y="57" width="160" id="labNikeName" color="#C52167" fontSize="17"/>
  <mx:Button x="228" y="8" label="searchWebService" width="131" click="requestWebService();"/>
  <mx:TextInput x="60" y="8" id="txtUserID"/>
 </mx:Canvas>

<mx:Canvas x="10" y="218" width="393" height="200" backgroundColor="#84DACF">
  <mx:Label x="4" y="10" text="UserID:"/>
  <mx:Label x="60" y="83" width="160" id="labName" color="#C52167" fontSize="17"/>
  <mx:Label x="60" y="109" width="160" id="labPosition" color="#C52167" fontSize="17"/>
  <mx:Label x="60" y="57" width="160" id="labNikeName" color="#C52167" fontSize="17"/>
  <mx:Button x="228" y="8" label="searchWebService" width="131" click="requestWebService();"/>
  <mx:TextInput x="60" y="8" id="txtUserID"/>
 </mx:Canvas>

 
   引入WebService组件（<mx:operation></mx:operation>节点定义WebService定义的方法信息（对应WSDL文件的方法描述）可以为多个）：
 

<mx:WebService id="uReqWebService"  wsdl="http://localhost:2222/FlexService/SearchUserService.asmx?WSDL">
  <mx:operation name="SearchUserName" resultFormat="object" fault="serviceReqFault(event)" result="serviceReqResult(event)">
  </mx:operation>
 </mx:WebService>

<mx:WebService id="uReqWebService"  wsdl="http://localhost:2222/FlexService/SearchUserService.asmx?WSDL">
  <mx:operation name="SearchUserName" resultFormat="object" fault="serviceReqFault(event)" result="serviceReqResult(event)">
  </mx:operation>
 </mx:WebService>

 
    Flex中发送请求：

private function requestWebService():void
{
 uReqWebService.SearchUserName(txtUserID.text); //<mx:operation/>定义的方法
 labMsg.alpha = 1;
}

 private function requestWebService():void
 {
  uReqWebService.SearchUserName(txtUserID.text); //<mx:operation/>定义的方法
  labMsg.alpha = 1;
 }

 

 

    Flex中接收返回数据:

private function serviceReqResult(e:ResultEvent):void
{
 if(e.result.toString().length > 0)
 {
  var arry:XML = XML(e.result);
  if(arry != null && arry.length()> 0)
  {
   labName.text = arry.children()[0];
   labNikeName.text = arry.children()[1];
   labPosition.text = arry.children()[2];
  }
 }
 else
 {
  labName.text = "";
  labNikeName.text = "";
  labPosition.text = "";
  Alert.show("查不到匹配的用户信息！");
 }
 labMsg.alpha = 0;
}

 private function serviceReqResult(e:ResultEvent):void
 {
  if(e.result.toString().length > 0)
  {
   var arry:XML = XML(e.result);
   if(arry != null && arry.length()> 0)
   {
    labName.text = arry.children()[0];
    labNikeName.text = arry.children()[1];
    labPosition.text = arry.children()[2];
   }
  }
  else 
  {
   labName.text = "";
   labNikeName.text = "";
   labPosition.text = "";
   Alert.show("查不到匹配的用户信息！");
  }
  labMsg.alpha = 0;
 }

 

 

    Flex中错误处理：

private function serviceReqFault(e:FaultEvent):void
{
 Alert.show("请求WebService出错！原因是：" + e.message);
 labMsg.alpha = 0;
}

 private function serviceReqFault(e:FaultEvent):void
 {
  Alert.show("请求WebService出错！原因是：" + e.message);
  labMsg.alpha = 0;
 }

结果如图: