(转)整合Struts2+JasperReport Web报表应用示例

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struts

JasperReports作为一种优秀且开源的报表引擎，不利用太可惜了。同时，借助开源的JasperReports模板设计利器iReports，可以可视化的设计报表模板。基于Web的报表在很多项目中都是需要的。而随着Struts2的流行，就应该研究一下在Struts2下如何利用JasperReports进行报表输出。本示例比较简单，采用的数据源即为JavaBean，而没有采用复杂的数据库，其实原理是一样的。只是传递给JasperReports的参数随着连接方式的变化而略加修改而已。

一准备工作

所使用的类库及Jar包如下图所示：

图1.使用的Jar包

开发环境：MyEclipse5.5+Eclipse3.2+JDK5.0+Tomcat5.5+Struts 2.0.6。当然，本该所提供的源代码下载中没有提供相关的lib，因为文件大太，如果需要，请留下email。

源代码下载：Struts2AndJasperReport.rar

二设计报表模板

本例中采用JavaBean作为数据源，用于显示People对象的一些基本属性，如所在序号、城市、姓名、地址，并对同一城市的人员进行汇总小结显示。

至于如何在iReports中设计模板文件，请在网上参考其它文档。这里不再详细解读，或有时间俺再另写文章来具体讲解如何在iReports中设计报表模板。WebRoot\jasper\jasper_template.jrxml代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE jasperReport PUBLIC "//JasperReports//DTD Report Design//EN" "http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/dtds/jasperreport.dtd">
<jasperReport
 name="jasper_template"
 columnCount="1"
 printOrder="Vertical"
 orientation="Portrait"
 pageWidth="595"
 pageHeight="842"
 columnWidth="535"
 columnSpacing="0"
 leftMargin="30"
 rightMargin="30"
 topMargin="20"
 bottomMargin="20"
 whenNoDataType="NoPages"
 isTitleNewPage="false"
 isSummaryNewPage="false">
 <property name="ireport.scriptlethandling" value="0" />
 <property name="ireport.encoding" value="UTF-8" />
 <import value="java.util.*" />
 <import value="net.sf.jasperreports.engine.*" />
 <import value="net.sf.jasperreports.engine.data.*" />

 <parameter name="rptMan" isForPrompting="false" class="java.lang.String">
 <defaultValueExpression ><![CDATA["sterning"]]></defaultValueExpression>
 </parameter>
 <parameter name="rptDate" isForPrompting="false" class="java.lang.String">
 <defaultValueExpression ><![CDATA["2008-01-12"]]></defaultValueExpression>
 </parameter>

 <field name="city" class="java.lang.String">
 <fieldDescription><![CDATA[city]]></fieldDescription>
 </field>
 <field name="street" class="java.lang.String">
 <fieldDescription><![CDATA[street]]></fieldDescription>
 </field>
 <field name="id" class="java.lang.Integer">
 <fieldDescription><![CDATA[id]]></fieldDescription>
 </field>
 <field name="name" class="java.lang.String">
 <fieldDescription><![CDATA[name]]></fieldDescription>
 </field>

 <variable name="CityNumber" class="java.lang.Integer" resetType="Group" resetGroup="CityGroup" calculation="Sum">
 <initialValueExpression><![CDATA[($V{CityNumber} != null)?(new Integer($V{CityNumber}.intValue() + 1)):(new Integer(1))]]></initialValueExpression>
 </variable>
 <variable name="AllCity" class="java.lang.Integer" resetType="Report" calculation="Sum">
 <initialValueExpression><![CDATA[($V{AllCity} != null)?(new Integer($V{AllCity}.intValue() + 1)):(new Integer(1))]]></initialValueExpression>
 </variable>

 <group name="CityGroup" >
 <groupExpression><![CDATA[$F{city}]]></groupExpression>
 <groupHeader>
 <band height="0" isSplitAllowed="true" >
 </band>
 </groupHeader>
 <groupFooter>
 <band height="37" isSplitAllowed="true" >
 <staticText>
 <reportElement
 x="98"
 y="5"
 width="51"
 height="25"
 key="staticText-8"/>
 <box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
 <textElement>
 
 </textElement>
 <text><![CDATA[灏忚锛歖]></text>
 </staticText>
 <textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None" hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
 <reportElement
 x="149"
 y="5"
 width="34"
 height="25"
 key="textField-7"/>
 <box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
 <textElement>
 
 </textElement>
 <textFieldExpression class="java.lang.Integer"><![CDATA[$V{CityGroup_COUNT}]]></textFieldExpression>
 </textField>
 <line direction="TopDown">
 <reportElement
 x="-30"
 y="36"
 width="593"
 height="0"
 key="line-5"/>
 <graphicElement stretchType="NoStretch"/>
 </line>
 </band>
 </groupFooter>
 </group>
 <background>
 <band height="0" isSplitAllowed="true" >
 </band>
 </background>
 <title>
 <band height="62" isSplitAllowed="true" >
 <staticText>
 <reportElement
 x="20"
 y="0"
 width="484"
 height="57"
 forecolor="#FF0033"
 key="staticText-1"/>
 <box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
 <textElement textAlignment="Center">
 
 </textElement>
 <text><![CDATA[Struts2+JasperReports绀轰緥]]></text>
 </staticText>
 <line direction="TopDown">
 <reportElement
 x="-30"
 y="61"
 width="594"
 height="0"
 key="line-4"/>
 <graphicElement stretchType="NoStretch"/>
 </line>
 </band>
 </title>
 <pageHeader>
 <band height="13" isSplitAllowed="true" >
 <line direction="TopDown">
 <reportElement
 x="-29"
 y="12"
 width="592"
 height="0"
 key="line-3"/>
 <graphicElement stretchType="NoStretch"/>
 </line>
 </band>
 </pageHeader>
 <columnHeader>
 <band height="45" isSplitAllowed="true" >
 <staticText>
 <reportElement
 x="13"
 y="5"
 width="62"
 height="33"
 key="staticText-2"/>
 <box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
 <textElement>
 
 </textElement>
 <text><![CDATA[搴忓彿]]></text>
 </staticText>
 <staticText>
 <reportElement
 x="98"
 y="5"
 width="62"
 height="33"
 key="staticText-3"/>
 <box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
 <textElement>
 
 </textElement>
 <text><![CDATA[鍩庡競]]></text>
 </staticText>
 <staticText>
 <reportElement
 x="212"
 y="5"
 width="62"
 height="33"
 key="staticText-4"/>
 <box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
 <textElement>
 
 </textElement>
 <text><![CDATA[濮撳悕]]></text>
 </staticText>
 <staticText>
 <reportElement
 x="331"
 y="5"
 width="62"
 height="33"
 key="staticText-5"/>
 <box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
 <textElement>
 
 </textElement>
 <text><![CDATA[浣忓潃]]></text>
 </staticText>
 <line direction="TopDown">
 <reportElement
 x="-30"
 y="43"
 width="596"
 height="0"
 key="line-2"/>
 <graphicElement stretchType="NoStretch"/>
 </line>
 </band>
 </columnHeader>
 <detail>
 <band height="43" isSplitAllowed="true" >
 <textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None" hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
 <reportElement
 x="13"
 y="7"
 width="62"
 height="30"
 key="textField-1"/>
 <box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
 <textElement>
 
 </textElement>
 <textFieldExpression class="java.lang.Integer"><![CDATA[$F{id}]]></textFieldExpression>
 </textField>
 <textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None" hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
 <reportElement
 x="98"
 y="7"
 width="105"
 height="29"
 key="textField-2"/>
 <box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
 <textElement>
 
 </textElement>
 <textFieldExpression class="java.lang.String"><![CDATA[$F{city}]]></textFieldExpression>
 </textField>
 <textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None" hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
 <reportElement
 x="212"
 y="8"
 width="100"
 height="28"
 key="textField-3"/>
 <box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
 <textElement>
 
 </textElement>
 <textFieldExpression class="java.lang.String"><![CDATA[$F{name}]]></textFieldExpression>
 </textField>
 <textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None" hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
 <reportElement
 x="331"
 y="7"
 width="111"
 height="30"
 key="textField-4"/>
 <box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
 <textElement>
 
 </textElement>
 <textFieldExpression class="java.lang.String"><![CDATA[$F{street}]]></textFieldExpression>
 </textField>
 <line direction="TopDown">
 <reportElement
 x="-30"
 y="37"
 width="593"
 height="0"
 key="line-1"/>
 <graphicElement stretchType="NoStretch"/>
 </line>
 </band>
 </detail>
 <columnFooter>
 <band height="37" isSplitAllowed="true" >
 </band>
 </columnFooter>
 <pageFooter>
 <band height="50" isSplitAllowed="true" >
 <textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None" hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
 <reportElement
 x="98"
 y="18"
 width="138"
 height="23"
 key="textField-8"/>
 <box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
 <textElement textAlignment="Right">
 
 </textElement>
 <textFieldExpression class="java.lang.String"><![CDATA["椤垫暟 " + String.valueOf($V{PAGE_NUMBER}) + " of"]]></textFieldExpression>
 </textField>
 <textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Report" hyperlinkType="None" hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
 <reportElement
 x="239"
 y="18"
 width="83"
 height="23"
 key="textField-9"/>
 <box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
 <textElement>
 
 </textElement>
 <textFieldExpression class="java.lang.String"><![CDATA[" " + String.valueOf($V{PAGE_NUMBER})]]></textFieldExpression>
 </textField>
 </band>
 </pageFooter>
 <lastPageFooter>
 <band height="50" isSplitAllowed="true" >
 </band>
 </lastPageFooter>
 <summary>
 <band height="0" isSplitAllowed="true" >
 </band>
 </summary>
</jasperReport>

这里需要说明的是，由于俺们中国的中文比较特殊，由此在PDF中显示的时候，需要一些额外的Jar包字体来支持。因此需要下载iTextAsian.jar包，此包专门用于显示亚洲的字符。

三设计JavaBean

由本例中没有使用数据库，而是使用JavaBean作为JRDataSource，来传递给JasperReports作为数据源，因此只需要设计JavaBean。\src\com\sterning\PeopleBean.java的代码很简单，只在字个字段：city、id、name、street，代码如下所示：

package com.sterning;

public class PeopleBean
{
 private String city = null;
 private Integer id = null;
 private String name = null;
 private String street = null;

 public PeopleBean(
 String pcity,
 Integer pid,
 String pname,
 String pstreet
 )
 {
 city = pcity;
 id = pid;
 name = pname;
 street = pstreet;
 }

 public PeopleBean getMe()
 {
 return this;
 }

 public String getCity()
 {
 return city;
 }

 public Integer getId()
 {
 return id;
 }

 public String getName()
 {
 return name;
 }

 public String getStreet()
 {
 return street;
 }
}

四编译模板

其实表面上说是填充数据，其实就是填充一个List。具体的工具都是交给我们的JasperReports去完成。JasperReports要完成数据的填充工作，要经历将编译（将模板文件.jrxml编译成.jasper文件）、加载（加载.jasper文件）、填充（从数据源中取得数据并填充到.jasper二进制文件中）三大步骤。src\com\sterning\JasperAction.java，其代码如下所示：

package com.sterning;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperCompileManager;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class JasperAction extends ActionSupport {
 private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

 private List<PeopleBean> myList;

 public String execute() throws Exception {
 //添加数据
 PeopleBean p1=new PeopleBean("长沙", new Integer(9), "李化", "天洒路");
 PeopleBean p2=new PeopleBean("长沙", new Integer(22), "王小样", "呆小路564");
 PeopleBean p3=new PeopleBean("南昌", new Integer(23), "王奸可", "小顺路");
 PeopleBean p4=new PeopleBean("南昌", new Integer(32), "李洒", "顺濉路");
 PeopleBean p5=new PeopleBean("武汉", new Integer(39), "张中尖", "天洒路");
 PeopleBean p6=new PeopleBean("武汉", new Integer(35), "陈主宁", "天河路５６４");
 myList = new ArrayList<PeopleBean>();
 myList.add(p1);
 myList.add(p2);
 myList.add(p3);
 myList.add(p4);
 myList.add(p5);
 myList.add(p6);

 try {
 String reportSource;
 reportSource = ServletActionContext.getServletContext()
 .getRealPath("/jasper/jasper_template.jrxml");
 File parent = new File(reportSource).getParentFile();
 //将.jrxml模板文件编译成为.jasper文件,当然,其文件名可以指定,如果没指定,则与.jrxml文件名一样.只是后缀不同而已
 JasperCompileManager.compileReportToFile(reportSource, new File(
 parent, "compiled_jasper_template.jasper")
 .getAbsolutePath());
 } catch (Exception e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 return ERROR;
 }
 return SUCCESS;
 }

 public List getMyList() {
 return myList;
 }
}

五配置Struts2文件

前面这些工作都是为JasperReports而作的。接下来就是将JasperReports集成到Struts2中。

1． Web.xml

首先是Web.xml。这个文件配置比较简单，也比较常规，没什么好说，代码如下WebRoot\WEB-INF\web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
 <filter>
 <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
 <filter-class>
 org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher
 </filter-class>
 <init-param>
 <param-name>config</param-name>
 <param-value>
 struts-default.xml,struts-plugin.xml,struts.xml
 </param-value>
 </init-param>
 </filter>
 <filter-mapping>
 <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
 </filter-mapping>

 
 <welcome-file-list>
 <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
 </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

2． struts.xml

按理说struts.xml配置文件应该更加简单，但这里由于集成了JasperReports，所以看上去要复杂一点。先来看代码：src\ struts.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
 "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
 "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
 <package name="default"
 extends="struts-default,jasperreports-default">
 <action name="PDF" class="com.sterning.JasperAction">
 <result name="success" type="jasper">
 <param name="location">
 /jasper/compiled_jasper_template.jasper
 </param>
 <param name="dataSource">myList</param>
 <param name="format">PDF</param>
 </result>
 </action>
 <action name="HTML" class="com.sterning.JasperAction">
 <result name="success" type="jasper">
 <param name="location">
 /jasper/compiled_jasper_template.jasper
 </param>
 <param name="dataSource">myList</param>
 <param name="format">HTML</param>
 </result>
 </action>
 <action name="XML" class="com.sterning.JasperAction">
 <result name="success" type="jasper">
 <param name="location">
 /jasper/compiled_jasper_template.jasper
 </param>
 <param name="dataSource">myList</param>
 <param name="format">XML</param>
 </result>
 </action>
 <action name="CSV" class="com.sterning.JasperAction">
 <result name="success" type="jasper">
 <param name="location">
 /jasper/compiled_jasper_template.jasper
 </param>
 <param name="dataSource">myList</param>
 <param name="format">CSV</param>
 </result>
 </action>
 <action name="XLS" class="com.sterning.JasperAction">
 <result name="success" type="jasper">
 <param name="location">
 /jasper/compiled_jasper_template.jasper
 </param>
 <param name="dataSource">myList</param>
 <param name="format">XLS</param>
 </result>
 </action>
 </package>
</struts>

这里，当调用JasperAction的execute()方法成功后，返回后，可见有三个参数：location告诉JasperReports数据填充类二进制的.jasper文件的位置，dataSource指明使用什么数据源，format指明报表输出的格式。

六页面文件

Index.jsp的代码非常的简单，如下：

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="GB2312"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
 <head>
 <title>Struts2+ JasperReports 使用示例</title>
 </head>
 <body>
 <a href="HTML.action">HTML</a>
 
 <a href="PDF.action">PDF</a>
 
 <a href="XML.action">XML</a>
 
 <a href="CSV.action">CSV</a>
 
 <a href="XLS.action">XLS</a>
 </body>
</html>

七运行效果

1．HTML格式

图2.HTML格式

2．PDF格式

图3.PDF格式

3．XML格式

图4.XML格式

4．Excel格式

图5.Excel格式

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