大数据量EXCEL处理

excel2007文件格式与之前版本不同，之前版本采用的是微软自己的存储格式。07版内容的存储采用XML格式，所以，理所当然的，对大数据量的 xlsx文件的读取采用的也是XML的处理方式SAX。

    同之前的版本一样，大数据量文件的读取采用的是事件模型eventusermodel。usermodel模式需要将文件一次性全部读到内存中，07版的既然采用的存储模式是xml，解析用的DOM方式也是如此，这种模式操作简单，容易上手，但是对于大量数据占用的内存也是相当可观，在Eclipse中经常出现内存溢出。

    下面就是采用eventusermodel对07excel文件读取。

    同上篇，我将当前行的单元格数据存储到List中，抽象出 optRows 方法，该方法会在每行末尾时调用，方法参数为当前行索引curRow(int型)及存有行内单元格数据的List。继承类只需实现该行级方法即可。



    经测试，对12万条数据，7M大小的文件也能正常运行。无需设置vm的内存空间。



    excel读取采用的API为POI3.6，使用前先下载此包，若运行中出现其他依赖包不存在，请下载相应依赖包。



抽象类：XxlsAbstract ，作用：遍历excel文件，提供行级操作方法 optRows

package com.gaosheng.util.xls;  
 
import java.io.InputStream;  
import java.sql.SQLException;  
import java.util.ArrayList;  
import java.util.Iterator;  
import java.util.List;  
 
import org.apache.poi.xssf.eventusermodel.XSSFReader;  
import org.apache.poi.xssf.model.SharedStringsTable;  
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRichTextString;  
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;  
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;  
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;  
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;  
import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;  
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;  
import org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLReaderFactory;  
 
/** 
* XSSF and SAX (Event API) 
*/ 
public abstract class XxlsAbstract extends DefaultHandler {  
    private SharedStringsTable sst;  
    private String lastContents;  
    private boolean nextIsString;  
 
    private int sheetIndex = -1;  
    private List<String> rowlist = new ArrayList<String>();  
    private int curRow = 0;  
    private int curCol = 0;  
 
    //excel记录行操作方法，以行索引和行元素列表为参数，对一行元素进行操作，元素为String类型  
//  public abstract void optRows(int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException ;  
      
    //excel记录行操作方法，以sheet索引，行索引和行元素列表为参数，对sheet的一行元素进行操作，元素为String类型  
    public abstract void optRows(int sheetIndex,int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException;  
      
    //只遍历一个sheet，其中sheetId为要遍历的sheet索引，从1开始，1-3  
    public void processOneSheet(String filename,int sheetId) throws Exception {  
        OPCPackage pkg = OPCPackage.open(filename);  
        XSSFReader r = new XSSFReader(pkg);  
        SharedStringsTable sst = r.getSharedStringsTable();  
          
        XMLReader parser = fetchSheetParser(sst);  
 
        // rId2 found by processing the Workbook  
        // 根据 rId# 或 rSheet# 查找sheet  
        InputStream sheet2 = r.getSheet("rId"+sheetId);  
        sheetIndex++;  
        InputSource sheetSource = new InputSource(sheet2);  
        parser.parse(sheetSource);  
        sheet2.close();  
    }  
 
    /** 
     * 遍历 excel 文件 
     */ 
    public void process(String filename) throws Exception {  
        OPCPackage pkg = OPCPackage.open(filename);  
        XSSFReader r = new XSSFReader(pkg);  
        SharedStringsTable sst = r.getSharedStringsTable();  
 
        XMLReader parser = fetchSheetParser(sst);  
 
        Iterator<InputStream> sheets = r.getSheetsData();  
        while (sheets.hasNext()) {  
            curRow = 0;  
            sheetIndex++;  
            InputStream sheet = sheets.next();  
            InputSource sheetSource = new InputSource(sheet);  
            parser.parse(sheetSource);  
            sheet.close();  
        }  
    }  
 
    public XMLReader fetchSheetParser(SharedStringsTable sst)  
            throws SAXException {  
        XMLReader parser = XMLReaderFactory  
                .createXMLReader("org.apache.xerces.parsers.SAXParser");  
        this.sst = sst;  
        parser.setContentHandler(this);  
        return parser;  
    }  
 
    public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String name,  
            Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {  
        // c => 单元格  
        if (name.equals("c")) {  
            // 如果下一个元素是 SST 的索引，则将nextIsString标记为true  
            String cellType = attributes.getValue("t");  
            if (cellType != null && cellType.equals("s")) {  
                nextIsString = true;  
            } else {  
                nextIsString = false;  
            }  
        }  
        // 置空  
        lastContents = "";  
    }  
 
    public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String name)  
            throws SAXException {  
        // 根据SST的索引值的到单元格的真正要存储的字符串  
        // 这时characters()方法可能会被调用多次  
        if (nextIsString) {  
            try {  
                int idx = Integer.parseInt(lastContents);  
                lastContents = new XSSFRichTextString(sst.getEntryAt(idx))  
                        .toString();  
            } catch (Exception e) {  
 
            }  
        }  
 
        // v => 单元格的值，如果单元格是字符串则v标签的值为该字符串在SST中的索引  
        // 将单元格内容加入rowlist中，在这之前先去掉字符串前后的空白符  
        if (name.equals("v")) {  
            String value = lastContents.trim();  
            value = value.equals("")?" ":value;  
            rowlist.add(curCol, value);  
            curCol++;  
        }else {  
            //如果标签名称为 row ，这说明已到行尾，调用 optRows() 方法  
            if (name.equals("row")) {  
                try {  
                    optRows(sheetIndex,curRow,rowlist);  
                } catch (SQLException e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
                }  
                rowlist.clear();  
                curRow++;  
                curCol = 0;  
            }  
        }  
    }  
 
    public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)  
            throws SAXException {  
        //得到单元格内容的值  
        lastContents += new String(ch, start, length);  
    }  
} 

package com.gaosheng.util.xls;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.eventusermodel.XSSFReader;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.model.SharedStringsTable;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRichTextString;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLReaderFactory;

/**
* XSSF and SAX (Event API)
*/
public abstract class XxlsAbstract extends DefaultHandler {
private SharedStringsTable sst;
private String lastContents;
private boolean nextIsString;

private int sheetIndex = -1;
private List<String> rowlist = new ArrayList<String>();
private int curRow = 0;
private int curCol = 0;

//excel记录行操作方法，以行索引和行元素列表为参数，对一行元素进行操作，元素为String类型
// public abstract void optRows(int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException ;

//excel记录行操作方法，以sheet索引，行索引和行元素列表为参数，对sheet的一行元素进行操作，元素为String类型
public abstract void optRows(int sheetIndex,int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException;

//只遍历一个sheet，其中sheetId为要遍历的sheet索引，从1开始，1-3
public void processOneSheet(String filename,int sheetId) throws Exception {
OPCPackage pkg = OPCPackage.open(filename);
XSSFReader r = new XSSFReader(pkg);
SharedStringsTable sst = r.getSharedStringsTable();

XMLReader parser = fetchSheetParser(sst);

// rId2 found by processing the Workbook
// 根据 rId# 或 rSheet# 查找sheet
InputStream sheet2 = r.getSheet("rId"+sheetId);
sheetIndex++;
InputSource sheetSource = new InputSource(sheet2);
parser.parse(sheetSource);
sheet2.close();
}

/**
* 遍历 excel 文件
*/
public void process(String filename) throws Exception {
OPCPackage pkg = OPCPackage.open(filename);
XSSFReader r = new XSSFReader(pkg);
SharedStringsTable sst = r.getSharedStringsTable();

XMLReader parser = fetchSheetParser(sst);

Iterator<InputStream> sheets = r.getSheetsData();
while (sheets.hasNext()) {
curRow = 0;
sheetIndex++;
InputStream sheet = sheets.next();
InputSource sheetSource = new InputSource(sheet);
parser.parse(sheetSource);
sheet.close();
}
}

public XMLReader fetchSheetParser(SharedStringsTable sst)
throws SAXException {
XMLReader parser = XMLReaderFactory
.createXMLReader("org.apache.xerces.parsers.SAXParser");
this.sst = sst;
parser.setContentHandler(this);
return parser;
}

public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String name,
Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
// c => 单元格
if (name.equals("c")) {
// 如果下一个元素是 SST 的索引，则将nextIsString标记为true
String cellType = attributes.getValue("t");
if (cellType != null && cellType.equals("s")) {
nextIsString = true;
} else {
nextIsString = false;
}
}
// 置空
lastContents = "";
}

public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String name)
throws SAXException {
// 根据SST的索引值的到单元格的真正要存储的字符串
// 这时characters()方法可能会被调用多次
if (nextIsString) {
try {
int idx = Integer.parseInt(lastContents);
lastContents = new XSSFRichTextString(sst.getEntryAt(idx))
.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {

}
}

// v => 单元格的值，如果单元格是字符串则v标签的值为该字符串在SST中的索引
// 将单元格内容加入rowlist中，在这之前先去掉字符串前后的空白符
if (name.equals("v")) {
String value = lastContents.trim();
value = value.equals("")?" ":value;
rowlist.add(curCol, value);
curCol++;
}else {
//如果标签名称为 row ，这说明已到行尾，调用 optRows() 方法
if (name.equals("row")) {
try {
optRows(sheetIndex,curRow,rowlist);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
rowlist.clear();
curRow++;
curCol = 0;
}
}
}

public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
throws SAXException {
//得到单元格内容的值
lastContents += new String(ch, start, length);
}
}
 
继承类：XxlsBig，作用：将数据转出到数据库临时表

Java代码 
package com.gaosheng.util.examples.xls;  
 
import java.io.FileInputStream;  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.sql.Connection;  
import java.sql.DriverManager;  
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;  
import java.sql.SQLException;  
import java.sql.Statement;  
import java.util.List;  
import java.util.Properties;  
 
import com.gaosheng.util.xls.XxlsAbstract;  
 
public class XxlsBig extends XxlsAbstract {  
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {  
        XxlsBig howto = new XxlsBig("temp_table");  
        howto.processOneSheet("F:/new.xlsx",1);  
        howto.process("F:/new.xlsx");  
        howto.close();  
    }  
      
    public XxlsBig(String tableName) throws SQLException{  
        this.conn = getNew_Conn();  
        this.statement = conn.createStatement();  
        this.tableName = tableName;  
    }  
 
    private Connection conn = null;  
    private Statement statement = null;  
    private PreparedStatement newStatement = null;  
 
    private String tableName = "temp_table";  
    private boolean create = true;  
      
    public void optRows(int sheetIndex,int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException {  
        if (sheetIndex == 0 && curRow == 0) {  
            StringBuffer preSql = new StringBuffer("insert into " + tableName  
                    + " values(");  
            StringBuffer table = new StringBuffer("create table " + tableName  
                    + "(");  
            int c = rowlist.size();  
            for (int i = 0; i < c; i++) {  
                preSql.append("?,");  
                table.append(rowlist.get(i));  
                table.append("  varchar2(100) ,");  
            }  
 
            table.deleteCharAt(table.length() - 1);  
            preSql.deleteCharAt(preSql.length() - 1);  
            table.append(")");  
            preSql.append(")");  
            if (create) {  
                statement = conn.createStatement();  
                try{  
                    statement.execute("drop table "+tableName);  
                }catch(Exception e){  
                      
                }finally{  
                    System.out.println("表 "+tableName+" 删除成功");  
                }  
                if (!statement.execute(table.toString())) {  
                    System.out.println("创建表 "+tableName+" 成功");  
                    // return;  
                } else {  
                    System.out.println("创建表 "+tableName+" 失败");  
                    return;  
                }  
            }  
            conn.setAutoCommit(false);  
            newStatement = conn.prepareStatement(preSql.toString());  
 
        } else if(curRow>0) {  
            // 一般行  
            int col = rowlist.size();  
            for (int i = 0; i < col; i++) {  
                newStatement.setString(i + 1, rowlist.get(i).toString());  
            }  
            newStatement.addBatch();  
            if (curRow % 1000 == 0) {  
                newStatement.executeBatch();  
                conn.commit();  
            }  
        }  
    }  
      
    private static Connection getNew_Conn() {  
        Connection conn = null;  
        Properties props = new Properties();  
        FileInputStream fis = null;  
 
        try {  
            fis = new FileInputStream("D:/database.properties");  
            props.load(fis);  
            DriverManager.registerDriver(new oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver());  
            // String jdbcURLString =  
            // "jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.28:1521:orcl";  
            StringBuffer jdbcURLString = new StringBuffer();  
            jdbcURLString.append("jdbc:oracle:thin:@");  
            jdbcURLString.append(props.getProperty("host"));  
            jdbcURLString.append(":");  
            jdbcURLString.append(props.getProperty("port"));  
            jdbcURLString.append(":");  
            jdbcURLString.append(props.getProperty("database"));  
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(jdbcURLString.toString(), props  
                    .getProperty("user"), props.getProperty("password"));  
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        } finally {  
            try {  
                fis.close();  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        return conn;  
    }  
      
    public int close() {  
        try {  
            newStatement.executeBatch();  
            conn.commit();  
            System.out.println("数据写入完毕");  
            this.newStatement.close();  
            this.statement.close();  
            this.conn.close();  
            return 1;  
        } catch (SQLException e) {  
            return 0;  
        }  
    }  
} 

package com.gaosheng.util.examples.xls;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;

import com.gaosheng.util.xls.XxlsAbstract;

public class XxlsBig extends XxlsAbstract {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
XxlsBig howto = new XxlsBig("temp_table");
howto.processOneSheet("F:/new.xlsx",1);
howto.process("F:/new.xlsx");
howto.close();
}

public XxlsBig(String tableName) throws SQLException{
this.conn = getNew_Conn();
this.statement = conn.createStatement();
this.tableName = tableName;
}

private Connection conn = null;
private Statement statement = null;
private PreparedStatement newStatement = null;

private String tableName = "temp_table";
private boolean create = true;

public void optRows(int sheetIndex,int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException {
if (sheetIndex == 0 && curRow == 0) {
StringBuffer preSql = new StringBuffer("insert into " + tableName
+ " values(");
StringBuffer table = new StringBuffer("create table " + tableName
+ "(");
int c = rowlist.size();
for (int i = 0; i < c; i++) {
preSql.append("?,");
table.append(rowlist.get(i));
table.append("  varchar2(100) ,");
}

table.deleteCharAt(table.length() - 1);
preSql.deleteCharAt(preSql.length() - 1);
table.append(")");
preSql.append(")");
if (create) {
statement = conn.createStatement();
try{
statement.execute("drop table "+tableName);
}catch(Exception e){

}finally{
System.out.println("表 "+tableName+" 删除成功");
}
if (!statement.execute(table.toString())) {
System.out.println("创建表 "+tableName+" 成功");
// return;
} else {
System.out.println("创建表 "+tableName+" 失败");
return;
}
}
conn.setAutoCommit(false);
newStatement = conn.prepareStatement(preSql.toString());

} else if(curRow>0) {
// 一般行
int col = rowlist.size();
for (int i = 0; i < col; i++) {
newStatement.setString(i + 1, rowlist.get(i).toString());
}
newStatement.addBatch();
if (curRow % 1000 == 0) {
newStatement.executeBatch();
conn.commit();
}
}
}

    private static Connection getNew_Conn() {
        Connection conn = null;
        Properties props = new Properties();
        FileInputStream fis = null;

        try {
            fis = new FileInputStream("D:/database.properties");
            props.load(fis);
            DriverManager.registerDriver(new oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver());
            // String jdbcURLString =
            // "jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.28:1521:orcl";
            StringBuffer jdbcURLString = new StringBuffer();
            jdbcURLString.append("jdbc:oracle:thin:@");
            jdbcURLString.append(props.getProperty("host"));
            jdbcURLString.append(":");
            jdbcURLString.append(props.getProperty("port"));
            jdbcURLString.append(":");
            jdbcURLString.append(props.getProperty("database"));
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(jdbcURLString.toString(), props
                    .getProperty("user"), props.getProperty("password"));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                fis.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return conn;
    }
   
public int close() {
try {
newStatement.executeBatch();
conn.commit();
System.out.println("数据写入完毕");
this.newStatement.close();
this.statement.close();
this.conn.close();
return 1;
} catch (SQLException e) {
return 0;
}
}
}
继承类：XxlsPrint，作用：将数据输出到控制台

Java代码 
package com.gaosheng.util.examples.xls;  
 
import java.sql.SQLException;  
import java.util.List;  
 
import com.gaosheng.util.xls.XxlsAbstract;  
 
public class XxlsPrint extends XxlsAbstract {  
 
    @Override 
    public void optRows(int sheetIndex,int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException {  
        for (int i = 0; i < rowlist.size(); i++) {  
            System.out.print("'" + rowlist.get(i) + "',");  
        }  
        System.out.println();  
    }  
 
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {  
        XxlsPrint howto = new XxlsPrint();  
        howto.processOneSheet("F:/new.xlsx",1);  
//      howto.processAllSheets("F:/new.xlsx");  
    }  
} 



源代码在附件中，还包含了说明文件、数据库配置文件、以及整合xls文件和xlsx文件读取的类：Xls2Do。