Struts2 图片上传、缩放、剪切处理第一节

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8、Java框架技术

struts2 upload file 图片上传

Struts2 图片上传、缩放、剪切处理第二节

Struts2 图片上传、缩放、剪切处理第一节

1、技术目标：

为项目"影片管理"加入图片上传功能
使用struts2完成图片上传
将上传的图片重命名并保存到web服务器

注意：本文所用项目为"影片管理"，参看

http://hotstrong.iteye.com/blog/1156785

提示：本文示例项目已提供下载

2、MySQL数据表film(影片表)加入列imgurl(影片海报图片链接)，执行如下SQL：

ALTER TABLE film ADD imgurl VARCHAR(200) DEFAULT NULL;

3、POJO类Film加入属性imgurl，代码如下：

BaseDomain为所有POJO类的基类，

package com.xxx.pojo;

public class BaseDomain {
	/**
	 * id
	 */
	private Long id;

	public Long getId() {
		return id;
	}
	
	public void setId(Long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "BaseDomain [id=" + id + "]";
	}

	@Override
	public int hashCode() {
		final int prime = 31;
		int result = 1;
		result = prime * result + ((id == null) ? 0 : id.hashCode());
		return result;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
		if (this == obj)
			return true;
		if (obj == null)
			return false;
		if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
			return false;
		BaseDomain other = (BaseDomain) obj;
		if (id == null) {
			if (other.id != null)
				return false;
		} else if (!id.equals(other.id))
			return false;
		return true;
	}
}

Film(影片类)，

package com.xxx.pojo;

public class Film extends BaseDomain {
	
	// Fields
	private String fname;//影片名称
	
	private String imgurl;//海报图片url
	
	// Constructors
	/** default constructor */
	public Film() {
	}
	
	// Property accessors
	public String getFname() {
		return this.fname;
	}
	
	public void setFname(String fname) {
		this.fname = fname;
	}

	public String getImgurl() {
		return imgurl;
	}

	public void setImgurl(String imgurl) {
		this.imgurl = imgurl;
	}

}

4、FilmMapper.xml中，添加影片与修改影片的SQL语句中加入对imgurl字段的操作，如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" 
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.xxx.dao.temp.FilmMapper">
	
	<!-- 查询所有电影信息，对应FilmMapper接口中的getAllFilm方法 -->
	<select id="getAllFilm" resultType="Film">
		select * from film
	</select>
	
	<!-- 按电影编号查询电影信息，对应FilmMapper接口中的getFilmById方法 -->
	<select id="getFilmById" parameterType="int" resultType="Film">
	select * from film where id=#{id}
	</select>
	
	<!-- 按要求排序 -->
	<select id="getAllFilmOrder" parameterType="map" resultType="Film">
	select * from film where 1 = 1 
	<if test="orderKey != null">
	order by ${orderKey} 
	</if>
	</select>
	
	<!-- 添加影片 -->
	<insert id="insertFilm" parameterType="Film" keyProperty="id"
		useGeneratedKeys="true">
		insert into film (fname, imgurl) values (#{fname}, #{imgurl});
	</insert>
	
	<!-- 修改影片 -->
	<update id="updateFilm" parameterType="Film">
		update film
		<trim prefix="set" suffixOverrides=",">
			<if test="fname != null">
				fname = #{fname},
			</if>
			<if test='imgurl != null and imgurl != ""'>
				imgurl = #{imgurl}
			</if>
		</trim>
		where id = #{id}
	</update>
	
	<!-- 删除影片 -->
	<delete id="deleteFilm" parameterType="int">
		delete from film where id = #{id}
	</delete>
	
</mapper>

5、在WebRoot(页面路径)下创建文件夹images，放一张提示图片error.gif(示例项目中提供)，在影片无海报图片时显示

6、在添加、修改影片页面(insertFilm.jsp、updateFilm.jsp)中

加入文件选择对话框并设置表单属性enctype，如下：

添加影片页面效果图：

insertFilm.jsp代码，

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8" %>
<%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>添加影片</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <%--
    	enctype属性：规定在发送到服务器之前应该如何对表单数据进行编码
    	multipart/form-data值：不对字符编码，在使用包含文件上传控件的表单时必须使用该值
     --%>
    <s:form action="/film/insertFilm" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    	影片名称：<s:textfield name="fname" value="" /><br />
    	<%--文件选择框 --%>
    	影片海报：<s:file id="imgPhoto" name="imgPhoto"/><br />
    	<s:submit value=" 添加 "></s:submit>
    </s:form>
  </body>
</html>

修改页面效果图：

updateFilm.jsp代码，

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8" %>
<%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>修改影片</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <s:form action="/film/updateFilm" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    	<s:hidden name="id" />
    	影片名称：<s:textfield name="fname" /><br />
    	<%-- 处理原有图片 --%>
    	<s:if test='imgurl != null and imgurl != ""'>
    		<%-- 保存原有图片的信息在修改时提交 --%>
		<s:hidden name="imgurl"></s:hidden>
		<%-- 显示原有图片，onerror属性：在打不开图片时显示提示图片 --%>
		<img src="<s:property value="imgurl" />" width="92" height="130" 
		onerror="javascript:this.src='<%=basePath %>/images/error.gif'" /><br />
	</s:if>
    	<%--文件选择框 --%>
    	影片海报：<s:file id="imgPhoto" name="imgPhoto"/><br />
    	<s:submit value=" 修改 "></s:submit>
    </s:form>
  </body>
</html>

7、struts.xml中添加、修改影片Action的配置中加入的Struts2的文件处理拦截器，配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>

	<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" />
	<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />
	<constant name="struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire" value="type" />
	<constant name="struts.ui.theme" value="simple"></constant>
	
	<package name="film" namespace="/film" extends="struts-default">
		
		<!-- 获取所有影片 -->
		<action name="findFilm" class="filmAction" method="findFilm">
			<result name="success">/manager/films.jsp</result>
		</action>
		<!-- 添加影片 -->
		<action name="insertFilm" class="filmAction" method="insertFilm">
			<!-- 默认拦截器 -->
			<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack" />
			<!-- 文件上传拦截器 -->
			<interceptor-ref name="fileUploadStack">
				<!-- 配置允许上传的文件大小，单位字节(默认2M) -->
              		<param name="maximumSize">10000000</param>
				<param name="allowedTypes">
				image/bmp,image/png,image/gif,image/jpeg
                			</param>
			</interceptor-ref>
			<result name="success" type="redirectAction">findFilm</result>
		</action>
		<!-- 获取影片详情 -->
		<action name="detailFilm" class="filmAction" method="detailFilm">
			<result name="success">/manager/updateFilm.jsp</result>
		</action>
		<!-- 修改影片 -->
		<action name="updateFilm" class="filmAction" method="updateFilm">
			<!-- 默认拦截器 -->
			<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack" />
			<!-- 文件上传拦截器 -->
			<interceptor-ref name="fileUploadStack">
				<!-- 配置允许上传的文件大小，单位字节(默认2M) -->
              			<param name="maximumSize">10000000</param>
				<param name="allowedTypes">
					image/bmp,image/png,image/gif,image/jpeg
                		</param>
			</interceptor-ref>
			<result name="success" type="redirectAction">findFilm</result>
		</action>
		<!-- 删除影片 -->
		<action name="deleteFilm" class="filmAction" method="deleteFilm">
			<result name="success" type="redirectAction">findFilm</result>
		</action>
		
	</package>
	
</struts>

fileUploadStack拦截器的参数allowedTypes为限制上传文件的类型，文件类型与限制方式的对应关系如下：

文件类型限制方式

==================================

.a application/octet-stream

.ai application/postscript

.aif audio/x-aiff

.aifc audio/x-aiff

.aiff audio/x-aiff

.au audio/basic

.avi video/x-msvideo

.bat text/plain

.bcpio application/x-bcpio

.bin application/octet-stream

.bmp image/x-ms-bmp

.c text/plain

.cdf application/x-cdf

.cdf application/x-netcdf

.cpio application/x-cpio

.csh application/x-csh

.css text/css

.dll application/octet-stream

.doc application/msword

.dot application/msword

.dvi application/x-dvi

.eml message/rfc822

.eps application/postscript

.etx text/x-setext

.exe application/octet-stream

.gif image/gif

.gtar application/x-gtar

.h text/plain

.hdf application/x-hdf

.htm text/html

.html text/html

.ief image/ief

.jpe image/jpeg

.jpeg image/jpeg

.jpg image/jpeg

.js application/x-javascript

.ksh text/plain

.latex application/x-latex

.m1v video/mpeg

.man application/x-troff-man

.me application/x-troff-me

.mht message/rfc822

.mhtml message/rfc822

.mif application/x-mif

.mov video/quicktime

.movie video/x-sgi-movie

.mp2 audio/mpeg

.mp3 audio/mpeg

.mpa video/mpeg

.mpe video/mpeg

.mpeg video/mpeg

.mpg video/mpeg

.ms application/x-troff-ms

.nc application/x-netcdf

.nws message/rfc822

.o application/octet-stream

.obj application/octet-stream

.oda application/oda

.p12 application/x-pkcs12

.p7c application/pkcs7-mime

.pbm image/x-portable-bitmap

.pdf application/pdf

.pfx application/x-pkcs12

.pgm image/x-portable-graymap

.pl text/plain

.png image/png

.pnm image/x-portable-anymap

.pot application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

.ppa application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

.ppm image/x-portable-pixmap

.pps application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

.ppt application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

.ps application/postscript

.pwz application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

.py text/x-python

.pyc application/x-python-code

.pyo application/x-python-code

.qt video/quicktime

.ra audio/x-pn-realaudio

.ram application/x-pn-realaudio

.ras image/x-cmu-raster

.rdf application/xml

.rgb image/x-rgb

.roff application/x-troff

.rtx text/richtext

.sgm text/x-sgml

.sgml text/x-sgml

.sh application/x-sh

.shar application/x-shar

.snd audio/basic

.so application/octet-stream

.src application/x-wais-source

.sv4cpio application/x-sv4cpio

.sv4crc application/x-sv4crc

.swf application/x-shockwave-flash

.t application/x-troff

.tar application/x-tar

.tcl application/x-tcl

.tex application/x-tex

.texi application/x-texinfo

.texinfo application/x-texinfo

.tif image/tiff

.tiff image/tiff

.tr application/x-troff

.tsv text/tab-separated-values

.txt text/plain

.ustar application/x-ustar

.vcf text/x-vcard

.wav audio/x-wav

.wiz application/msword

.wsdl application/xml

.xbm image/x-xbitmap

.xlb application/vnd.ms-excel

.xls application/excel

.xls application/vnd.ms-excel

.xml text/xml

.xpdl application/xml

.xpm image/x-xpixmap

.xsl application/xml

.xwd image/x-xwindowdump

.zip application/zip

8、在FilmAction中加入一组与文件上传相关的属性，加入uploadFile方法，在添加、修改操作前调用uploadFile方法处理图片，代码如下：

package com.xxx.web.struts.action;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.xxx.pojo.Film;
import com.xxx.service.FilmService;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class FilmAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<Film> {

	//业务逻辑对象
	@Autowired
	private FilmService filmService;
	
	//封装查询结果
	private List<Film> filmList;
	
	//封装页面提交的表单数据
	private Film film = new Film();
	
	//图片服务器url
	public static final String IMAGE_SERVER_URL = "http://localhost:8080/mysit";
	
	/* 文件上传相关属性 */
	private File imgPhoto;// 对应页面的<s:file id="imgPhoto" name="imgPhoto"/>
	private String contentType;// 上传文件的MIME类型，由struts设置
	private String fileName;// 上传文件的文件名(该文件名不包括文件的路径)，由struts设置
	
	/* 文件上传相关属性的getter/setter */
	public File getImgPhoto() {
		return imgPhoto;
	}
	public void setImgPhoto(File imgPhoto) {
		this.imgPhoto = imgPhoto;
	}
	
	/*
	 *	注意：contentType与fileName的getter/setter，
	 *		名称前需要加ImgPhoto，这样设置struts才能识别
	 */
	public String getImgPhotoContentType() {
		return contentType;
	}
	public void setImgPhotoContentType(String contentType) {
		this.contentType = contentType;
	}

	public String getImgPhotoFileName() {
		return fileName;
	}
	public void setImgPhotoFileName(String fileName) {
		this.fileName = fileName;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 处理上传的文件
	 */
	private void uploadFile(){
		
		//判断文件是否上传
		if (this.imgPhoto == null || this.fileName == null 
				|| this.fileName.equals("")) {//没有上传文件
			return;
		}
		
		/*生成一个随机文件名*/
		
		// 生成随机数
		Random rand = new Random();
		int random = rand.nextInt();
		random = random > 0 ? random : (-1) * random;// 随机负数转为正数
		
		// 获取当前时间
		Date date = new Date();
		SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(
		"yyyyMMddHHmmss");
		
		//将当前时间转换为yyyyMMddHHmmss格式
		String currentTime = sdf.format(date);
		
		//设置文件名(新文件名 = 当前时间 + 随机数 + 上传文件的后缀名)
		String imageFileName = currentTime + random + 
		fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("."));
		
		/*设置上传文件的保存路径*/
		
		//获取web服务器工作路径
		String realPath = 
			ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/images");
		
		//文件的存放位置 = web服务器中项目的images路径 + 新文件名
		File destinationFile = new File(realPath + "/" + imageFileName); 
		
		//将上传文件拷贝到web服务器
		try {
			FileUtils.copyFile(this.imgPhoto, destinationFile);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		/*
		将上传图片的完整url设置给film对象，在后续的添加操作中保存到数据库，
		设置完整url的目的是便于以后使用单独的图片服务器保存图片，前台页面
		可直接读取这个url呈现图片，图片服务器的url可设置到配置文件中，这里
		用一个静态变量来保存
		*/
		this.film.setImgurl(IMAGE_SERVER_URL + "/images/" + imageFileName);
		
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获取所有的电影
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public String findFilm() throws Exception {
		
		this.filmList = this.filmService.getAllFilm();
		
		return SUCCESS;
	}

	/**
	 * 根据影片ID获取影片信息
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public String detailFilm() throws Exception {
		int id = film.getId().intValue();
		Film film = this.filmService.getFilmById(id);
		this.film.setFname(film.getFname());
		this.film.setImgurl(film.getImgurl());
		return SUCCESS;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 添加影片
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public String insertFilm() throws Exception {
		
		//处理上传图片
		this.uploadFile();
		
		this.filmService.insertFilm(film);
		return SUCCESS;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 修改影片
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public String updateFilm() throws Exception {
		
		//处理上传图片
		this.uploadFile();
		
		this.filmService.updateFilm(film);
		return SUCCESS;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 删除影片
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public String deleteFilm() throws Exception {
		int id = film.getId().intValue();
		this.filmService.deleteFilm(id);
		return SUCCESS;
	}
	
	public Film getModel() {
		return film;
	}

	public List<Film> getFilmList() {
		return filmList;
	}

	public void setFilmList(List<Film> filmList) {
		this.filmList = filmList;
	}

}

9、在films.jsp页面的影片列表中呈现出图片，如下：

影片列表页面效果图：

films.jsp代码：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8" %>
<%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>信息操作</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <s:form action="/film/findFilm" method="post">
    	<s:submit value=" 获取所有影片信息 "></s:submit>
    </s:form>
    <a href="<%=basePath %>manager/insertFilm.jsp">添加影片信息</a><br />
    <s:if test="filmList != null">
    	<table border="1" width="40%">
    		<tr>
    			<th>序号</th><th>海报</th><th>影片名</th><th>操作</th>
    		</tr>	
	    	<%-- 遍历影片信息 --%>
	    	<s:iterator var="film" value="filmList" status="st">
		    	<tr>
		    		<td><s:property value="#st.index+1" /></td>
		    		<td>
		    			<%-- 显示海报图片，onerror属性：在打不开图片时显示提示图片 --%>
					<img src="<s:property value="imgurl" />" width="92" height="130" 
			 		onerror="javascript:this.src='<%=basePath %>/images/error.gif'" /><br />
		    		</td>
		    		<td><s:property value="fname" /></td>
		    		<td>
		    			<s:url id="detailUrl" value="/film/detailFilm">
                      					<s:param name="id" value="%{id}"/>
                      				</s:url>
		    			<s:a href="%{detailUrl}">[修改]</s:a>&nbsp;

		    			<s:url id="deleteUrl" value="/film/deleteFilm">
                      					<s:param name="id" value="%{id}"/>
                      				</s:url>
		    			<s:a href="%{deleteUrl}">[删除]</s:a>
		    		</td>
		    	</tr>
			</s:iterator>
		</table>
    </s:if>
  </body>
</html>

Struts2 图片上传、缩放、剪切处理第二节