Using ShUnit : short & sweet tutorial

Here comes a unit testing framework for Bourne shell code similar to junit framework for java. Lets digest it.

1) Download shunit framework from here  http://sourceforge.net/projects/shunit/files/shunit/1.5/ShUnit-1.5.zip/download

2) Untar this downloaded framework in any directory. I l use "/home" directory

3) Set a variable SHUNIT_HOME that points to the directory where ShUnit's files are. E.g., add 'export SHUNIT_HOME=/home/ShUnit'

4) Lets create a simple script "print_something" which will print something. You can create this script in /home folder too.

#!/bin/sh
# print_something - a testable script
print_something()
{
    echo "$1"
}

invalid_print_something()
{
    echo "nothinggggg"
}

Here, method  print_something will print the parameter passed to it. Method invalid_print_something will print "nothinggggg" always.

5) To unit test this script we need to test the functionality of the above two functions. Lets create a test script

#!/bin/sh
# print_something.test - unit tests for print_something
. "$SHUNIT_HOME/shUnit"

# Include script to be tested
. ./print_something.sh

TestScriptExists()
{
shuNonZeroFile <path of file to test>
}

TestPrintSomething()
{
    EXPECTED="this is a test"
    RESULT=`print_something "$EXPECTED"`
    test "${EXPECTED}" = "${RESULT}"
    shuAssert "Test print_something" $?
}

TestInvalidPrintSomething()
{
    EXPECTED="this is a test"
    RESULT=`invalid_print_something "$EXPECTED"`
    test "${EXPECTED}" = "${RESULT}"
    shuAssert "Test invalid print_something" $?
}

InitFunction()
{
    shuRegest TestScriptExists
    shuRegTest TestPrintSomething
    shuRegTest TestInvalidPrintSomething
}

shuStart InitFunction



Lets see this test script step by step

# print_something.test - unit tests for print_something
. "$SHUNIT_HOME/shUnit"

We include shunit from frmaework

# Include script to be tested
. ./print_something.sh

Include script to be tested

TestPrintSomething()
{
    EXPECTED="this is a first test"
    RESULT=`print_something "$EXPECTED"`
    test "${EXPECTED}" = "${RESULT}"
    shuAssert "Test print_something" $?
}

This method intern  calls print_something method of print_something script and tallys the expected result.
Other method works in similar way


InitFunction()
{
    shuRegest TestScriptExists
    shuRegTest TestPrintSomething
    shuRegTest TestInvalidPrintSomething
}

Call out test methods
Call "TestScriptExists" method first to check that script exists.

shuStart InitFunction

Call  InitFunction as starting function



6) Expecting files print_something.sh,  print_something_test.sh in same directory, We now run our test script

[root@sidd siddhesh]# sh print_something_test.sh

****** print_something_test.sh ******
2 tests to run:
    Test 1: TestPrintSomething    .
    Test 2: TestInvalidPrintSomething    E
      "Test invalid print_something" failed.

2 tests run.
  1 test succeeded.
  1 test failed.

7) Lets see some more properties of SHUNIT's

We saw functionality of "shuAssert "Test invalid print_something" $?"

it will pass and display message if $? turns out to be ZERO. What if we want to test few negative things. In this case will use

shuDeny "I am negative test case" $?

Here, Test will pass if value of $? comes out as 1

8) Following method is executed at the begining of the test script file

shuSetUp()
{
   // Create your directories,change file permissions etc etc
}

9) Following method is executed at the end of the test script file

shuTearDown()
{
   // Delete your directories,change file permissions etc etc
}

10) We have used  shuassert like this
shuassert <statement> $?
This will pass if $? is 0
We can use 'shuDeny ' which passes if $? is 1.

11) I dont think mocking anything will be difficult task with shunits. I havent tried it out yet..Lets see..
but as of now CHEERS.. Happy testing !!