Android23_Socket编程

 

一、什么是Socket

       Socket是基于不同的协议的网络通信的接口。Socket的英文原意是“插座”，所谓socket通常也被称作“套接字”，用于描述IP地址和端口，是一个通信链的句柄。应用程序通常通过Socket向网络发出请求或者应答网络请求。

 

二、Socket基本通信模型

 

 

三、使用基于TCP协议的Socket

 

  例子程序，此例子需要两个项目，一个是Android项目作为服务器端，一个可以是Java项目作为客户端。运行时需要先在真机上面运行服务端，开启服务，然后在eclipse中运行客户端。

 

SocketActivity.java

package com.android.activity;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
public class SocketActivity extends Activity {
	private Button startTCPButton = null;
	private Button startUDPButton = null;
	@Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        startTCPButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.startTCPButton);
        startTCPButton.setOnClickListener(new StartTCPButtonListener());
        startUDPButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.startUDPButton);
        startUDPButton.setOnClickListener(new StartUDPButtonListener());
    }
	class StartTCPButtonListener implements OnClickListener{
		public void onClick(View v) {
			Thread thread = new Thread(new TCPServerThread());
			thread.start();
		}
	}
	class StartUDPButtonListener implements OnClickListener{
		public void onClick(View v) {
			Thread thread = new Thread(new UDPServerThread());
			thread.start();
		}
	}
	class TCPServerThread implements Runnable{
		//TCP的服务器端
		public void run() {
			//声明一个ServerSocket对象
			ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
			try{
				//创建一个ServerScoket对象，并让其监听点卡9999
				serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
				//accept是一个阻塞的方法，只有有数据过来才执行，
				//没有接收到则不向下执行
				Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
				//从socket对象中得到InputStream对象
				InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
				byte buffer[] = new byte[1024*4];
				int temp = 0;
				//从InputStream当中读取客户端所发生的数据
				while((temp = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1){
					System.out.println(new String(buffer,0,temp));
				}
			}catch(Exception e){
				e.printStackTrace();
			}finally{
				try{
					serverSocket.close();
				}catch(Exception e){
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
	}
	class UDPServerThread implements Runnable{
		//UDP服务器端口
		public void run(){
			try{
				//创建一个DatagramSocket对象，并制定监听的端口
				DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9998);
				byte data[] = new byte[1024];
				//使用UDP所发送的数据包，创建一个空的DatagramPacket对象，
				//用来接收从客户端发送过来的数据
				DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data,data.length);
				//使用receive方法接收数据
				socket.receive(packet);
				//data长度定位1024，如果传输的数据不足1024就会在后面出现乱码	
				String result = new String(packet.getData(),packet.getOffset(),packet.getLength());
				System.out.println("resutl --> " + result);
			}catch(Exception e){
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
}

 TCPClient.java

package com.android.client;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
public class TCPClient {
	public static void main(String [] args){
		try{
			//创建一个Socket对象，指定服务器端口的IP和端口号
			Socket socket = new Socket("122.158.93.206",9999);
			InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("./txt/panghuang.txt");
			OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
			byte buffer[] = new byte[1024*4];
			int temp = 0;
			while((temp = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1){
				outputStream.write(buffer,0,temp);
			}
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

 四、使用基于UDP协议的Socket

UDPClient.java

package com.android.client;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
public class UDPClient {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try{
			//创建一个DatagramSocket对象
			DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9998);
			//创建一个InetAddree
			InetAddress serverAddress = InetAddress.getByName("122.158.93.206");
			String s = "Hello Android";
			byte data[] = s.getBytes();
			DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data,data.length,serverAddress,9998);
			socket.send(packet);
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}