底层调用 Web Services

底层调用 Web Services

分类： ┣ Android ┫ 2011-02-10 22:40 120人阅读 评论 (0) 收藏 举报

      以前一直把Web Services说在嘴边，都没亲自去试验下，或者都是通过别人的API去调用，没有从底层去实验，今天病好很多，下午也闲来无事，便把这个一直留在心里的任务给完成了，以满足自己。

      Web Services的原理我就不仔细说了，可以参考一本《Web Services技术、架构和应用》，书虽有点厚，但很经典。

      本文调用http://www.webxml.com.cn/zh_cn/index.aspx提供的Web Services，该网站提供了几种WEB服务。本文以手机号码归属地查询为例，介绍调用Web Services的方法。

       首先在http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/MobileCodeWS.asmx?op=getMobileCodeInfo，我们便可看到该方法的参数传递形式。

 

SOAP 1.1
以下是 SOAP 1.2 请求和响应示例。所显示的占位符需替换为实际值。
POST /WebServices/MobileCodeWS.asmx HTTP/1.1
Host: webservice.webxml.com.cn
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: length
SOAPAction: "http://WebXml.com.cn/getMobileCodeInfo"
<?xml version="1.0"
 encoding=
"utf-8"
?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:xsd=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
 xmlns:soap=
"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
>
  <soap:Body>
    <getMobileCodeInfo xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/"
>
      <mobileCode>string
</mobileCode>
      <userID>string
</userID>
    </getMobileCodeInfo>
  </soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: length
<?xml version="1.0"
 encoding=
"utf-8"
?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:xsd=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
 xmlns:soap=
"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
>
  <soap:Body>
    <getMobileCodeInfoResponse xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/"
>
      <getMobileCodeInfoResult>string
</getMobileCodeInfoResult>
    </getMobileCodeInfoResponse>
  </soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>
SOAP 1.2
以下是 SOAP 1.2 请求和响应示例。所显示的占位符需替换为实际值。
POST /WebServices/MobileCodeWS.asmx HTTP/1.1
Host: webservice.webxml.com.cn
Content-Type: application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: length
<?xml version="1.0"
 encoding=
"utf-8"
?>
<soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:xsd=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
 xmlns:soap12=
"http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope"
>
  <soap12:Body>
    <getMobileCodeInfo xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/"
>
      <mobileCode>string
</mobileCode>
      <userID>string
</userID>
    </getMobileCodeInfo>
  </soap12:Body>
</soap12:Envelope>
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: length
<?xml version="1.0"
 encoding=
"utf-8"
?>
<soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:xsd=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
 xmlns:soap12=
"http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope"
>
  <soap12:Body>
    <getMobileCodeInfoResponse xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/"
>
      <getMobileCodeInfoResult>string
</getMobileCodeInfoResult>
    </getMobileCodeInfoResponse>
  </soap12:Body>
</soap12:Envelope>

 

 

      本文以socket为例子，通过底层方式调用Web Services，把上述的协议描述输成代码，如下：

String strHeader = 
"POST /WebServices/MobileCodeWS.asmx HTTP/1.1/r/n"
        + "Host: webservice.webxml.com.cn/r/n"
        + "Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8/r/n"
        + "Content-Length: $Length/r/n"
        + "SOAPAction: /"
http:
//WebXml.com.cn/getMobileCodeInfo/"/r/n/r/n";
String strBody = "<?xml version=/"
1.0/
" encoding=/"
utf-8/
"?>/r/n"
        + "<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=/"
http:
//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance/" xmlns:xsd=/"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema/" xmlns:soap=/"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope//">/r/n"
        + "<soap:Body>/r/n"
        + "<getMobileCodeInfo xmlns=/"
http:
//WebXml.com.cn//">/r/n"
        + "<mobileCode>$MobileNo</mobileCode>/r/n"
        + "<userID>$UserID</userID>/r/n"
 + 
"</getMobileCodeInfo>/r/n"
        + "</soap:Body>/r/n"
 + 
"</soap:Envelope>/r/n"
;

 

 

      在这里要注意，代码的形式，协议Header和协议Body要区分清楚，否则会出现调用HTTP400或者HTTP500错误。

      使用Socket 完整代码如下：

 

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
public
 
class
 JavaTest {
    public
 
static
 
void
 main(String[] argv) {
        String strHeader = "POST /WebServices/MobileCodeWS.asmx HTTP/1.1/r/n"
                + "Host: webservice.webxml.com.cn/r/n"
                + "Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8/r/n"
                + "Content-Length: $Length/r/n"
                + "SOAPAction: /"
http:
//WebXml.com.cn/getMobileCodeInfo/"/r/n/r/n";
        String strBody = "<?xml version=/"
1.0/
" encoding=/"
utf-8/
"?>/r/n"
                + "<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=/"
http:
//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance/" xmlns:xsd=/"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema/" xmlns:soap=/"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope//">/r/n"
                + "<soap:Body>/r/n"
                + "<getMobileCodeInfo xmlns=/"
http:
//WebXml.com.cn//">/r/n"
                + "<mobileCode>$MobileNo</mobileCode>/r/n"
                + "<userID>$UserID</userID>/r/n"
 + 
"</getMobileCodeInfo>/r/n"
                + "</soap:Body>/r/n"
 + 
"</soap:Envelope>/r/n"
;

        String path = "webservice.webxml.com.cn"
;
//
        try
 {
            InetAddress addr = InetAddress.getByName(path);
            Socket socket = new
 Socket(addr, 80);
            OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
            InputStream is
 = socket.getInputStream();
            strBody = strBody.replaceAll("//$MobileNo"
, 
"15013055281"
);
            strBody = strBody.replaceAll("//$UserID"
, 
""
);
            byte
[] bodyBytes = strBody.getBytes();
            strHeader = strHeader.replaceAll("//$Length"
, 
""
 + bodyBytes.length);
            String httpSend = strHeader + strBody;
            System.out
.println(httpSend);
            os.write(httpSend.getBytes());
            os.flush();

            byte
[] recvBytes = 
new
 
byte
[4096];
            int
 length = 0;
            BufferedInputStream bis = new
 BufferedInputStream(
is
);

            while
((length = bis.read(recvBytes) ) != -1){
                 String recvStr = new
 String(recvBytes, 
"UTF-8"
);
                 System.out
.println(recvStr);
            }
        } catch
 (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

 

 

      使用HttpURLConnection 关键代码代码如下(原理都一样，只不过少写了点东西而已)：

 

String path = 
"http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/MobileCodeWS.asmx"
;
try
 {

    strBody = strBody.replaceAll("//$MobileNo"
, 
"15013055288"
);
    strBody = strBody.replaceAll("//$UserID"
, 
""
);
    byte
[] bodyBytes = strBody.getBytes();
    strHeader = strHeader
            .replaceAll("//$Length"
, 
""
 + bodyBytes.length);
    String httpSend = strBody;
    System.out
.println(httpSend);
    URL url = new
 URL(path);
    HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
        conn.setRequestMethod("POST"
);
        conn.setDoOutput(true
);
        conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);

        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type"
,
"application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8"
);
        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length"
, String.valueOf(bodyBytes.length));
        OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
        os.write(bodyBytes);
        os.flush();

        InputStream is
 = conn.getInputStream();


            byte
[] recvBytes = 
new
 
byte
[4096];
    int
 length = 0;
    BufferedInputStream bis = new
 BufferedInputStream(
is
);

    while
((length = bis.read(recvBytes) ) != -1){
         String recvStr = new
 String(recvBytes, 
"UTF-8"
);
         System.out
.println(recvStr);
    }
} catch
 (Exception e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

 

 

      得到调用结果如下：

 

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 10 Feb 2011 14:35:02 GMT
Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
X-AspNet-Version: 2.0.50727
Cache-Control: private
, max-age=0
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 434
<?xml version="1.0"
 encoding=
"utf-8"
?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
 xmlns:xsi=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xmlns:xsd=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
>
    <soap:Body>
        <getMobileCodeInfoResponse xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/"
>
            <getMobileCodeInfoResult>15013055288：广东 广州 广东移动全球通卡               </getMobileCodeInfoResult>
        </getMobileCodeInfoResponse>
    </soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

 

 

      以上便是从底层调用Web Services的方法。

 

 

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