Android Launcher manifest解析

Launcher 的AndroidManifest.xml文件有很多特殊性，分析一下就会理解整个程序的大概结构。
代码如下：

< manifest xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
       package = "net.sunniwell.launcher"
       android:versionCode = "1" android:versionName = "1.0.1" >

关于自定义权限，这是很好的例子，其他 apk 程序要想使用 Launcher 的功能必须添加这些权限，而这些权限都是在这里声明的。

这个是安装快捷方式的权限定义：

< permission
         android:name = "com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT"
         android:permissionGroup = "android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"
         android:protectionLevel = "normal"
         android:label = "@string/permlab_install_shortcut"
         android:description = "@string/permdesc_install_shortcut" />

这个是卸载快捷方式的权限定义：

< permission
         android:name = "com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT"
         android:permissionGroup = "android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"
         android:protectionLevel = "normal"
         android:label = "@string/permlab_uninstall_shortcut"
         android:description = "@string/permdesc_uninstall_shortcut" />

这个是读取 launcher.db 内容的权限定义：

< permission
         android:name = "net.sunniwell.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS"
         android:permissionGroup = "android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"
         android:protectionLevel = "normal"
         android:label = "@string/permlab_read_settings"
         android:description = "@string/permdesc_read_settings" />

这个是修改和删除 launcher.db 内容的权限定义：

< permission
         android:name = "net.sunniwell.launcher.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS"
         android:permissionGroup = "android.permission-group.SYSTEM_TOOLS"
         android:protectionLevel = "normal"
         android:label = "@string/permlab_write_settings"
         android:description = "@string/permdesc_write_settings" />

这些是 Launcher 的权限声明，通过这些就能看出 launcher 的大概功能了：
打电话权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.CALL_PHONE" />

使用状态栏权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.EXPAND_STATUS_BAR" />

获取当前或最近运行的任务的信息的权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.GET_TASKS" />

读取通信录权限 :

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />

设置壁纸权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER" />

允许程序设置壁纸 hits 的权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER_HINTS" />

使用震动功能权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.VIBRATE" />

修改删除 launcher.db 内容权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS" />

绑定 widget 权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.BIND_APPWIDGET" />

读取 launcher.db 内容权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "net.sunniwell.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS" />

修改删除 launcher.db 内容权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "net.sunniwell.launcher.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS" />

读写外部存储设备权限：

< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" ></ uses-permission >

< application
         android:name = "LauncherApplication"
       activity 应该运行的进程的名字：
android:process = "android.process.acore"
         android:label = "@string/application_name"
         android:icon = "@drawable/swicon" >

< activity
             android:name = "Launcher"
            是否
android:launchMode = "singleTask"
             android:clearTaskOnLaunch = "true"
             这个 activity 是否在被杀死或者重启后能恢复原来的状态：
android:stateNotNeeded = "true"
             android:theme = "@style/Theme"
             android:screenOrientation = "landscape"
             android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified|adjustPan" >

< intent-filter >

< action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />

< category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />


桌面应用的标记：
< category android:name = "android.intent.category.HOME" />

< category android:name = "android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />

自动化测试工具 Monkey 的标记，待研究 …
< category android:name = "android.intent.category.MONKEY" />


</ intent-filter >

</ activity >

选择壁纸的 activity:

< activity
             android:name = "WallpaperChooser"
             android:label = "@string/pick_wallpaper"
             android:icon = "@drawable/ic_launcher_gallery" >

设置壁纸的 intent-filter ：

< intent-filter >

< action android:name = "android.intent.action.SET_WALLPAPER" />

< category android:name = "android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />

</ intent-filter >

搜索的 activity ：

</ activity >

<!-- Enable system-default search mode for any activity in Home -->

< meta-data
             android:name = "android.app.default_searchable"
             android:value = "*" />

安装快捷方式的广播接收器：

<!-- Intent received used to install shortcuts from other applications -->


< receiver
             android:name = ".InstallShortcutReceiver"
             android:permission = "com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT" >

< intent-filter >

< action android:name = "com.android.launcher.action.INSTALL_SHORTCUT" />

</ intent-filter >

</ receiver >

<!-- Intent received used to uninstall shortcuts from other applications -->

卸载快捷方式的广播接收器：

< receiver
             android:name = ".UninstallShortcutReceiver"
             android:permission = "com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT" >

< intent-filter >

< action android:name = "com.android.launcher.action.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT" />

</ intent-filter >

</ receiver >

声明 ContentProvider ，用于对 launcher.db 操作：

<!-- The settings provider contains Home's data, like the workspace favorites -->

< provider
             android:name = "SWLauncherProvider"
             android:authorities = "net.sunniwell.launcher.settings"
             android:writePermission = "net.sunniwell.launcher.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS"
             android:readPermission = "net.sunniwell.launcher.permission.READ_SETTINGS" />

</ application >

< uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion = "4" />
</ manifest > 

说明：
1.
<manifest 标签头部还应声明：
android:sharedUserId="android.uid.shared" ，作用是获得系统权限，但是这样的程序属性只能在build整个系统时放进去（就是系统软件）才起作用，手动安装是没有权限的。