Oracle用户密码含有特殊字符应当如何处理

在设置Oracle密码时，我们经常会将密码设置的特别复杂（一般由字母、数字和特殊符号组成），值得注意的是，在有特殊符号时，修改密码或着导入导出数据时会遇到很多不必要的麻烦，本文中将会对此情况进行详细的解释和说明：
　　注:本文中，将以特殊符号“/”为例。
　　Linux环境下，使用Oracle数据库10g
　　修改密码
　　[oracle@olivenan oracle]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'
　　SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 17 14:33:32 2006
　　Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
　　Connected to:
　　Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
　　With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
　　SQL> alter user test identified by aa/aa;
　　alter user test identified by aa/aa
　　*
　　ERROR at line 1:
　　ORA-00922: missing or invalid option
　　在此使用""
　　SQL> alter user test identified by "aa/aa";
　　User altered.
　　SQL>
　　[oracle@olivenan oracle]$ exp test/aa/aa file=test.dmp buffer=65536
　　Export: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 17 14:32:10 2006
　　Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
　　EXP-00004: invalid username or password
　　Username:
　　此处应该进行转义使用 " "处理密码，使用 ' '处理用户名和密码
　　[oracle@olivenan oracle]$ exp 'test/"aa/aa"' file=test.dmp buffer=65536
　　Export: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 17 14:32:52 2006
　　Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
　　Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
　　With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
　　Export done in WE8ISO8859P1 character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
　　About to export specified users ...
　　. exporting pre-schema procedural objects and actions
　　...............
　　导出成功。
　　
　　Windows Xp下，数据库为Oracle9i
　　C:\Documents and Settings\w>sqlplus /nolog
　　SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 17 14:56:34 2006
　　Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
　　SQL> connect sys/olivenan as sysdba
　　Connected.
　　SQL> alter user test identified by aa/aa;
　　alter user test identified by aa/aa
　　*
　　ERROR at line 1:
　　ORA-00922: missing or invalid option
　　此处使用""
　　SQL> alter user test identified by "aa/aa";
　　User altered.
　　SQL>
　　Microsoft Windows XP [版本 5.1.2600]
　　(C) 版权所有 1985-2001 Microsoft Corp.
　　C:\Documents and Settings\w>exp test/aa/aa file=aa.dmp buffer=65536
　　Export: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 17 14:58:50 2006
　　Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
　　EXP-00004: invalid username or password
　　Username:
　　Password:
　　EXP-00056: ORACLE error 1017 encountered
　　ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied
　　Username: ^Z^Z
　　EXP-00030: Unexpected End-Of-File encountered while reading input
　　EXP-00000: Export terminated unsuccessfully
　　在此处将使用""" """来处理用户密码
　　C:\Documents and Settings\w>exp test/"""aa/aa""" file=aa.dmp buffer=65536
　　Export: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 17 14:59:10 2006
　　Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
　　Connected to: Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production
　　With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options
　　JServer Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production
　　Export done in WE8ISO8859P1 character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
　　server uses ZHS16GBK character set (possible charset conversion)
　　About to export specified users ...
　　. exporting pre-schema procedural objects and actions
　　. exporting foreign function library names for user test
　　. exporting PUBLIC type synonyms
　　. exporting private type synonyms
　　. exporting object type definitions for user test
　　About to export test's objects ...
　　. exporting database links
　　. exporting sequence numbers
　　........
　　至此，导出成功