linux 下 mysql数据库安装及配置 总结

近期由于工作需要，加上偶上辈子修来的福分，让偶一个坐coder的，去linux下配置运行环境。故，经历了些事，且总结了点东东，今晚有机会写下点东东，与各位分享一下...

 

在linux环境下，在进行mysql数据库的安装前，请确认当前linux下，没有mysql的安装版本，或之前旧版本的mysql已经卸载完全。

有关如何在linux下卸载mysql，可以参考我的另一篇博文 http://syc001.iteye.com/admin/blogs/1149267

 

ok，进入正题：

/*****----------------  mysql setup begin  -------------------*****/

 

1：需要先查看LINUX的版本， 使用如下命令
[ysong@sva_rec mysql]# lsb_release -a

 

LSB Version: :core-3.1-amd64:core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-amd64:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer Description: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.2 (Tikanga) Release: 5.2 Codename: Tikanga

 

 

 

 

 然后，去mysql官网http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/下载MySQL的相应版本的安装文件.

一般情况下，下载两个和linux系统相对应的mysql安装文件即可。分别是server和client版本。

http://downloads.mysql.com/archives.php?p=mysql-5.1&v=5.1.58

RedHat Enterprise Linux 5 RPM (AMD64, Client programs) (4 Jul 2011, 7.2M)
RedHat Enterprise Linux 5 RPM (AMD64, Server) (4 Jul 2011, 20.3M)

具体文件见2.

 

 

2：这里，我将下载后的对应的安装文件放到linux下自定义的一个新建的文件夹mysql下。
使用命令安装相应的rpm文件。在mysql文件路径下，输入如下命令，即可

 

首先，安装服务器端 ：
[ysong@sva_rec mysql]#rpm -ivh MySQL-server-community-5.1.58-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

其次，安装客户端 ：
[ysong@sva_rec mysql]#rpm -ivh MySQL-client-community-5.1.58-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

 

 eg:

 

 

[root@uhzg006191 software]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-community-5.1.58-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:MySQL-server-community ########################################### [100%]

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h  password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!

Starting MySQL..[È·¶¨]
Giving mysqld 2 seconds to start
[root@uhzg006191 software]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-community-5.1.58-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:MySQL-client-community ########################################### [100%]
[root@uhzg006191 software]#

 

 

3：安装完成后，
mysql安装目录可能在：/usr/bin/mysql 
mysql启动文件可能在: /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
可以使用whereis mysql命令来查找它安装的路径

可以使用命令 rpm -qal | grep mysql 确定linux下已安装MYSQL的安装路径，Eg：
[ysong@sva_rec mysql]# rpm -qal | grep mysql

 

//使用如下命令查看系统是否已经安装mysql
[ysong@sva_rec mysql]# rpm –qa | grep mysql

 

或键入命令：

[ysong@sva_rec mysql]$ netstat -nat

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:33648 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:33649 ESTABLISHED

 

 

 

 

出现以上内容。 

 

或，直接敲入命令mysql+回车

 

[ysong@IDC ~]$mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 5136 Server version: 5.1.58-community MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software, and you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL v2 license Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>

 

 

 

 

 

出现此情此景，即表示linux下mysql安装成功

/*****----------------  mysql setup over  -------------------*****/

 

 

以下是对已安装完成的mysql，进行相应的配置

/*****----------------  mysql config begin  -------------------*****/
/***----- config password -------***/
MySQL默认没有密码，安装完毕增加密码的重要性是不言而喻的。
1、命令
usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
格式：mysqladmin -u用户名 -p旧密码 password 新密码
例：给root加个密码ysong。
键入以下命令 ：
[ysong@sva_rec ~]$ /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ysong
注：因为开始时root没有密码，所以-p旧密码一项就可以省略了。

 

此时，在敲入，即可访问mysql

[ysong@sva_rec ~]$ mysql -uroot -pysong

 

[ysong@IDC ~]$mysql -uroot -pysong Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 5159 Server version: 5.1.58-community MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software, and you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL v2 license Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>

 

 

 

/***----- config server start and stop -------***/
1、用命令启动mysql
MySQL安装完成后启动文件mysql在/etc/init.d目录下，在需要启动时运行下面命令即可。
[ysong@sva_rec ~]$sudo  /etc/init.d/mysql start
注：sudo运行，不然可能会报错，权限原因；
[ysong@sva_rec ~]$  /etc/init.d/mysql start
Starting MySQL.Manager of pid-file quit without updating file.[失败]

 

2、用命令停止mysql
[ysong@sva_rec ~]$ /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -pysong shutdown

 

 

/***----- config user -------***/

1：创建用户:
CREATE USER ' pig'@'% ' IDENTIFIED BY 'ysong';

[ysong@sva_rec ~]$ mysql -uysong -psong

[ysong@sva_rec ~]$ mysql -uroot -pysong
grant all privileges on e6mall.* to ysong@'%'
grant select,insert,alter,drop on e6mall.* to ysong@"%" identified by "song";
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON e6mall.* TO ysong@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "song";

use mysql;
select user,password from user;

delete from user where user is NULL
update user set password='ysong' where user is 'ysong';

2：授权:

use mysql 
update user set password=password('mysql') where user='root';
update user set password=password('ysong') where user='ysong';
flush privileges;

 

 

/*****----------------  mysql config over -------------------*****/

 

最后，创建数据库，导入数据库sql文件。

mysql -uroot -pysong
create database e6mall;
mysql -uroot -pysong e6mall < /opt/mysql/e6mall.sql;

 

 

/********------------------------- Blog over ----------------------------*********/

OVER.....

GO TO BED!....

以上为个人亲手实验而总结出来的，如果各位看客看完后，能有点收获，偶不胜荣幸......