Android之使用ContentResolver对通信录中的数据进行简单操作

1.加入读写权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS" />

联系人信息Uri：

content://com.android.contacts/contacts

联系人电话Uri：

content://com.android.contacts/data/phones

联系人Email Uri：

content://com.android.contacts/data/emails

（推荐）也可以这样获取联系人信息Uri：Uri uri = ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI;

2.查询与添加联系人的操作（单元测试用例）

public class ContactTest extends AndroidTestCase 
{
	private static final String TAG = "ContactTest";
	
	/**
	 * 获取通讯录中所有联系人的简单信息
	 * @throws Throwable
	 */
	public void testGetAllContact() throws Throwable
	{
		//获取联系人信息的Uri
		Uri uri =  ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI;
		//获取ContentResolver
		ContentResolver contentResolver = this.getContext().getContentResolver();
		//查询数据，返回Cursor
		Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null);
		while(cursor.moveToNext())
		{
			StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
			//获取联系人的ID
			String contactId = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID));  
			//获取联系人的姓名
			String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME)); 
			//构造联系人信息
			sb.append("contactId=").append(contactId).append(",Name=").append(name);
			//查询电话类型的数据操作
			Cursor phones = contentResolver.query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,  
			        null,  
			        ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID +" = "+ contactId,  
			        null, null);  
			while(phones.moveToNext())
			{
				String phoneNumber = phones.getString(phones.getColumnIndex(
						ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER));
				//添加Phone的信息
				sb.append(",Phone=").append(phoneNumber);
			}
			phones.close();
			
			//查询Email类型的数据操作
			Cursor emails = contentResolver.query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_URI,  
				       null,  
				       ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTACT_ID + " = " + contactId,  
				       null, null);  
			while (emails.moveToNext()) 
			{  
		        String emailAddress = emails.getString(emails.getColumnIndex(
		        		ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.DATA));
		        //添加Email的信息
		        sb.append(",Email=").append(emailAddress);
		    } 
			emails.close();
			Log.i(TAG, sb.toString());
		}
		cursor.close();
	}
	
	/**添加联系人的第一种方法：
	 * 首先向RawContacts.CONTENT_URI执行一个空值插入，目的是获取系统返回的rawContactId 
	 * 这时后面插入data表的依据，只有执行空值插入，才能使插入的联系人在通讯录里面可见
	 */
	public void testInsert() 
	{
		ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
		//首先向RawContacts.CONTENT_URI执行一个空值插入，目的是获取系统返回的rawContactId 
		Uri rawContactUri = this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI, values);
		//获取id
		long rawContactId = ContentUris.parseId(rawContactUri);
		//往data表入姓名数据
		values.clear();
		values.put(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId); //添加id
		values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);//添加内容类型（MIMETYPE）
		values.put(StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, "凯风自南");//添加名字，添加到first name位置
		this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);
		//往data表入电话数据
		values.clear();
		values.put(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);
		values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
		values.put(Phone.NUMBER, "13921009789");
		values.put(Phone.TYPE, Phone.TYPE_MOBILE);
		this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);
		//往data表入Email数据
		values.clear();
		values.put(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);
		values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
		values.put(Email.DATA, "[e-mail]");
		values.put(Email.TYPE, Email.TYPE_WORK);
		this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);
	}
	
	/**添加联系人的第二种方法：
	 * 批量添加联系人
	 * @throws Throwable
	 */
	public void testSave() throws Throwable
	{
		//官方文档位置：reference\android\provider\ContactsContract.RawContacts.html
		//建立一个ArrayList存放批量的参数
		ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation> ops = new ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation>();
		int rawContactInsertIndex = ops.size();
		ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI)
				.withValue(RawContacts.ACCOUNT_TYPE, null)
				.withValue(RawContacts.ACCOUNT_NAME, null)
				.build());
		//官方文档位置：reference\android\provider\ContactsContract.Data.html
		//withValueBackReference后退引用前面联系人的id
		ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
				.withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactInsertIndex)
				.withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
				.withValue(StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, "小明")
				.build());
		ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
				 .withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactInsertIndex)
		         .withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
		         .withValue(Phone.NUMBER, "13671323809")
		         .withValue(Phone.TYPE, Phone.TYPE_MOBILE)
		         .withValue(Phone.LABEL, "手机号")
		         .build());
		ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
				 .withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactInsertIndex)
		         .withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
		         .withValue(Email.DATA, "[e-mail]")
		         .withValue(Email.TYPE, Email.TYPE_WORK)
		         .build());
		ContentProviderResult[] results = this.getContext().getContentResolver()
			.applyBatch(ContactsContract.AUTHORITY, ops);
		for(ContentProviderResult result : results)
		{
			Log.i(TAG, result.uri.toString());
		}
	}
}