ubuntu11.04上cloudera cdh3u0的hadoop和hbase分布式安装

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hadoop/hbase

HBase Hadoop Ubuntu SSH zk

概述：
业务需要较实时的处理大数据量，并提供大吞吐量的读写，hbase作为一个可选的列数据库，记录一下安装过程，待查。
hbase的安装需要hadoop和zookeeper和hbase，生产环境下需要将zookeeper独立安装，并保证整个集群没有单点。
hbase软件选择cloudera的cdh3u0，apache的版本需要重新编译hadoop0.20.2-appender版以保证没有数据丢失。

1、规划机器
使用12个虚拟机作为集群测试，ip为192.168.0.221-232，hostname为ubuntu-1到ubuntu-12其中

机器名	IP	安装系统
ubuntu-1	192.168.0.221	hadoop namenode / hbase HMaster
ubuntu-2	192.168.0.222	hadoop datanode / hbase HRegionServer
ubuntu-3	192.168.0.223	hadoop datanode / hbase HRegionServer
ubuntu-4	192.168.0.224	hadoop datanode / hbase HRegionServer
ubuntu-5	192.168.0.225	hadoop datanode / hbase HRegionServer
ubuntu-6	192.168.0.226	hadoop datanode / hbase HRegionServer
ubuntu-7	192.168.0.227	hadoop datanode / hbase HRegionServer
ubuntu-8	192.168.0.228	hadoop datanode / hbase HRegionServer
ubuntu-9	192.168.0.229	zookeeper
ubuntu-10	192.168.0.230	zookeeper
ubuntu-11	192.168.0.231	zookeeper
ubuntu-12	192.168.0.232	hadoop second namenode / hbase HMaster

2、安装操作系统及必要软件
安装ubuntu11.04 server X64版,hadoop推荐2.6.30以上内核
# sudo apt-get install ssh
# sudo apt-get install vim
# sudo apt-get install rsync
创建hadoop用户
在所有机器上，密码为hadoop，并加入到sudo组
# sudo adduser hadoop
# sudo usermod -G sudo hadoop
安装jdk
从oracle下载jdk-6u24-linux-x64.bin，在所有的机器上安装
# ./jdk-6u24-linux-x64.bin
# sudo mv jdk1.6.0_24 /usr/local
解压cdh3u0软件
在所有机器创建cdh3目录
# mkdir /home/hadoop/cdh3
在221上解压hadoop和hbase
# tar zxvf hadoop-0.20.2-cdh3u0.tar.gz -C /home/hadoop/cdh3
# tar zxvf hbase-0.90.1-cdh3u0.tar.gz -C /home/hadoop/cdh3
在229上解压zookeeper
# tar zxvf zookeeper-3.3.3-cdh3u0.tar.gz -C /home/hadoop/cdh3
在221-228,232上修改/etc/profile
# sudo vim /etc/profile
添加

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_24
JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH
HADOOP_HOME=/home/hadoop/cdh3/hadoop-0.20.2-cdh3u0
HBASE_HOME=/home/hadoop/cdh3/hbase-0.90.1-cdh3u0
PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HBASE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASSPATH HADOOP_HOME HBASE_HOME PATH

在229-231上修改/etc/profile
添加

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_24
ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/home/hadoop/cdh3/zookeeper-3.3.3-cdh3u0
PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin:$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/conf:$PATH

export JAVA_HOME ZOOKEEPER_HOME PATH

ssh免密码登录
用hadoop用户登录所有机器，在/home/hadoop/下建立.ssh目录
运行
# ssh-keygen -t dsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa
这样会在~/.ssh/生成两个文件：id_dsa 和id_dsa.pub。
# cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
拷贝authorized_keys到222-232
# scp /home/hadoop/.ssh/authorized_keys hadoop@192.168.0.222:/home/hadoop/.ssh/
修改hosts文件
# sudo vim /etc/hosts
修改所有机器的/etc/hosts文件为

127.0.0.1       localhost
192.168.0.221   ubuntu-1
192.168.0.222   ubuntu-2
192.168.0.223   ubuntu-3
192.168.0.224   ubuntu-4
192.168.0.225   ubuntu-5
192.168.0.226   ubuntu-6
192.168.0.227   ubuntu-7
192.168.0.228   ubuntu-8
192.168.0.229   ubuntu-9
192.168.0.230   ubuntu-10
192.168.0.231   ubuntu-11
192.168.0.232   ubuntu-12

从221登录221-232,用hostname，第一次需要确认，以后就可以直接登录。
# ssh ubuntu-1
# ssh ubuntu-2
# ssh ubuntu-3
# ssh ubuntu-4
# ssh ubuntu-5
# ssh ubuntu-6
# ssh ubuntu-7
# ssh ubuntu-8
# ssh ubuntu-9
# ssh ubuntu-10
# ssh ubuntu-11
# ssh ubuntu-12

3、安装hadoop
在221和232上创建/data
# sudo mkdir /data
# sudo chown hadoop /data
在222和228上创建/disk1,/disk2,/disk3
# sudo mkdir /disk1
# sudo mkdir /disk2
# sudo mkdir /disk3
# sudo chown hadoop /disk1
# sudo chown hadoop /disk2
# sudo chown hadoop /disk3

修改/home/hadoop/cdh3/hadoop-0.20.2-cdh3u0/conf/hadoop-env.sh添加

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_24

修改/home/hadoop/cdh3/hadoop-0.20.2-cdh3u0/conf/core-site.xml添加

  <property>
    <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
    <value>/data</value>
    <description>A base for other temporary directories.</description>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>fs.default.name</name>
    <value>hdfs://ubuntu-1:9000/</value>
    <description>The name of the default file system.  A URI whose
    scheme and authority determine the FileSystem implementation.  The
    uri's scheme determines the config property (fs.SCHEME.impl) naming
    the FileSystem implementation class.  The uri's authority is used to
    determine the host, port, etc. for a filesystem.</description>
  </property>

修改/home/hadoop/cdh3/hadoop-0.20.2-cdh3u0/conf/hdfs-site.xml添加

  <property>
    <name>dfs.name.dir</name>
    <value>/home/hadoop/data</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>dfs.data.dir</name>
    <value>/disk1,/disk2,/disk3</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>dfs.permissions</name>
    <value>false</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>dfs.replication</name>
    <value>3</value>
  </property>

修改/home/hadoop/cdh3/hadoop-0.20.2-cdh3u0/conf/mapred-site.xml添加

  <property>
    <name>mapred.job.tracker</name>
    <value>ubuntu-1:9001</value>
    <description>The host and port that the MapReduce job tracker runs
    at.  If "local", then jobs are run in-process as a single map
    and reduce task.
    </description>
  </property>

修改/home/hadoop/cdh3/hadoop-0.20.2-cdh3u0/conf/masters添加

ubuntu-12

修改/home/hadoop/cdh3/hadoop-0.20.2-cdh3u0/conf/slaves添加

ubuntu-2
ubuntu-3
ubuntu-4
ubuntu-5
ubuntu-6
ubuntu-7
ubuntu-8

拷贝221的hadoop到222-228,232
# scp -r /home/hadoop/cdh3/hadoop-0.20.2-cdh3u0/ hadoop@192.168.0.222:/home/hadoop/cdh3/
格式化hadoop文件系统
# hadoop namenode -format
启动hadoop，在221上运行
# start-all.sh

查看集群状态:http://192.168.0.221:50070/dfshealth.jsp

查看JOB状态:http://192.168.0.221:50030/jobtracker.jsp

4、安装zookeeper
在229-231上创建/home/hadoop/zookeeperdata目录
修改229的/home/hadoop/cdh3/zookeeper-3.3.3-cdh3u0/conf/zoo.cfg

# The number of milliseconds of each tick
tickTime=2000
# The number of ticks that the initial 
# synchronization phase can take
initLimit=10
# The number of ticks that can pass between 
# sending a request and getting an acknowledgement
syncLimit=5
# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
dataDir=/home/hadoop/zookeeperdata
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2181
server.1=ubuntu-9:2888:3888
server.2=ubuntu-10:2888:3888
server.3=ubuntu-11:2888:3888

拷贝229的hadoop到230,231
# scp -r /home/hadoop/cdh3/zookeeper-3.3.3-cdh3u0/ hadoop@192.168.0.232:/home/hadoop/cdh3/
在229,230,231的/home/hadoop/zookeeperdata目录下建myid文件，内容分别为1,2,3
启动zookeeper，在229-231上分别执行
# zkServer.sh start
启动后可以使用
# zkServer.sh status
查看状态

5、安装hbase
在221上修改/home/hadoop/cdh3/hbase-0.90.1-cdh3u0/conf/hbase-env.sh添加

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_24
export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false

在221上修改/home/hadoop/cdh3/hbase-0.90.1-cdh3u0/conf/hbase-site.xml添加

  <property>
    <name>hbase.rootdir</name>
    <value>hdfs://ubuntu-1:9000/hbase</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
    <value>true</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>hbase.master.port</name>
    <value>60000</value>
  </property>

  <property>
    <name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>
    <value>ubuntu-9,ubuntu-10,ubuntu-11</value>
  </property>

在221上修改/home/hadoop/cdh3/hbase-0.90.1-cdh3u0/conf/regionservers添加

ubuntu-2
ubuntu-3
ubuntu-4
ubuntu-5
ubuntu-6
ubuntu-7
ubuntu-8

拷贝221的hbase到222-228,232
# scp -r /home/hadoop/cdh3/hbase-0.90.1-cdh3u0/ hadoop@192.168.0.222:/home/hadoop/cdh3/

启动hbase
在221上执行
# start-hbase.sh
启动hbase的第二个HMaster
在232上执行
# hbase-daemon.sh start master

查看Master:http://192.168.0.221:60010/master.jsp