使用OpenSSL创建证书

想使用openssl生成一个证书用于加密连接， 但第一次， 经验不足， 查阅数多资料皆不成功。
找到一篇可以解决问题好文章：
http://www.howtoforge.com/faq/2_18_en.html

第一步， 生成private.key文件(私钥？猜测)

$ openssl genrsa -des3 -passout pass:test -out private.key 1024

输出结果：
Generating RSA private key, 1024 bit long modulus
............................++++++
..++++++
e is 65537 (0x10001)

第二步， 生成server.csr文件(CA?猜测)

$ openssl req -new -passin pass:test -passout pass:test1 -key private.key -out server.csr -days 365

输出结果：
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [GB]:CN	<-- 提示输入国家代码
State or Province Name (full name) [Berkshire]:Beijing		<-- 提示输入省份
Locality Name (eg, city) [Newbury]:Beijing		<-- 提示输入城市
Organization Name (eg, company) [My Company Ltd]:Groupon.cn		<-- 提示输入组织
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:com		<-- 提示输入(?，英文不行)
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:www.groupon.cn		<-- 提示输入服务器
Email Address []:[e-mail]		<-- 提示输入联系人

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:groupon		<-- 提示输入密码
An optional company name []:Groupon.cn		<-- 提示输入公司名

第三步， 生成server.crt文件(cert，搞不清)

$ openssl req -x509 -passin pass:test -passout pass:test1 -key private.key -in server.csr -out server.crt -days 365

第四步， 生成加密后的private.key文件

$ openssl rsa -passin pass:test -in private.key -out private.key.encrypted
$ chmod 400 private.key.encrypted  # 保险

测试服务器监听：

$ openssl s_server -cert server.crt -key private.key.encrypted -www

输出结果：
Using default temp DH parameters
ACCEPT

开始监听了。


测试客户端请求：

$ openssl s_client -cert server.crt -key private.key

输出结果：

Enter pass phrase for private.key:		<-- 提示输入密码
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=0 /C=CN/ST=Beijing/L=Beijing/O=Groupon.cn/OU=com/CN=www.groupon.cn/emailAddress=[e-mail]
verify error:num=18:self signed certificate
verify return:1
depth=0 /C=CN/ST=Beijing/L=Beijing/O=Groupon.cn/OU=com/CN=www.groupon.cn/emailAddress=[e-mail]
verify return:1
---
Certificate chain
 0 s:/C=CN/ST=Beijing/L=Beijing/O=Groupon.cn/OU=com/CN=www.groupon.cn/emailAddress=[e-mail]
   i:/C=CN/ST=Beijing/L=Beijing/O=Groupon.cn/OU=com/CN=www.groupon.cn/emailAddress=[e-mail]
---
Server certificate
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
subject=/C=CN/ST=Beijing/L=Beijing/O=Groupon.cn/OU=com/CN=www.groupon.cn/emailAddress=[e-mail]
issuer=/C=CN/ST=Beijing/L=Beijing/O=Groupon.cn/OU=com/CN=www.groupon.cn/emailAddress=[e-mail]
---
No client certificate CA names sent
---
SSL handshake has read 1352 bytes and written 279 bytes
---
New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA
Server public key is 1024 bit
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
SSL-Session:
    Protocol  : TLSv1
    Cipher    : DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA
    Session-ID: D1445F79686E6FF11A6C70728C0DBA362F294EC7E87956B9D8A35DBBBA36F664
    Session-ID-ctx: 
    Master-Key: 821049AD5B8C2DBCCB280411F72145EF699D1B3889A977BD37889CF1B806D33019538359DC6A7BEF1932C78C332F763C
    Key-Arg   : None
    Krb5 Principal: None
    Start Time: 1303571494
    Timeout   : 300 (sec)
    Verify return code: 18 (self signed certificate)
---